1,720,960 research outputs found
DETERMINANTS OF IMMUNISATION COVERAGE AMONG CHILDREN IN MATHARE VALLEY, NAIROBI
No full textObjective: To establish the factors that determine the levels of immunisation coverage amongchildren under five years in Mathare Valley.Design: A crars-sectional study describing the situation at a point i n time.Setting: Mathare Valley slum with a population of 50,000 people in the city of NairobiSubjects: The study population was mothers with children under five years in MathareValley and had been resident there for a period not less than five yt ars prior to the study.Outcome measures: Level of immunisation coverage among children in the study populationand the factors that contribute to the low immunisation coverage.Results: Knowledge on immunisation was high with 90% of the reslmndents able to defineimmunisation. The attitude on immunisation was positive (74.4'6) and immunisationcoverage stood at 62.2%. Age, level of education, attitude and know1 edge on immunisaiionamong the residents were sigdicant determinants of immunisation coverage.Conclusion: Immunisation coverage was lower than the national aver age in Mathare Valley.Advanced mother's age, low level of education and relative lackof know ledge on immunisationwere responsible for the low coverage
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Uptake of Measles Vaccination Services and Associated Factors Among under Fives in Temeke district, Dar es salaam Region, Tanzania
Get PDFMeasles outbreaks have been recurring in Tanzania despite ongoing efforts in immunization. In May 2011, there was a large Measles outbreak in the Temeke district, Dar es salaam where a total 588 cases were reported. The investigation found that a large percentage of underfives had not received measles vaccination. Although measles vaccination coverage figures are easily available, information about factors affecting uptake of measles vaccination services is not easily available. In order to plan and implement interventions that aim to improve uptake of measles vaccination services, information on the determinants of measles uptake level such as community, health facility, household and children factors is needed. This study investigated the factors associated with the low uptake of vaccination services in Temeke district. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the uptake of measles vaccination services and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months. Uptake of measles vaccination services was defined as the act of taking a child for vaccination which shows the level of acceptance of vaccination services by a caretaker. Uptake of measles vaccination was categorized into two groups; Low uptake and high uptake of vaccination services. Any child who had received both routine and supplementary measles vaccines was said to have high uptake and a child was said to have a low uptake of vaccination services if he/she had received either routine or supplementary only or neither of the two vaccines. Household and children determinants of low uptake for measles services were assessed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify significant determinants of low uptake. Analysis was done using EpiInfo version 3.5.1. A total of 295 children aged between 12-23 months were involved in the study. The mean age was 17 months. A total of 82 out 295 (27.8%) children had received either routine or supplementary vaccine or neither of the two vaccine i.e had a low uptake of vaccination services. A total of 23 (7.8%) out of 295 children had not received routine measles vaccination while 66 out of 295 (23.4%) children had not received supplementary measles vaccination. The number of children who neither received routine nor supplementary vaccinations was 9 out of 295 (3%). Factors which were significantly associated with low uptake of vaccination services were younger age of the child (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 2.11 CI 1.10-4.38), low education level of the caretaker (AOR 3.36 CI 1.17-9.62), caretaker’s lack of knowledge on the purpose of supplementary measles vaccine (AOR 2.04 CI 1.06-3.93), caretaker’s lack of knowledge of the age for routine measles vaccination (AOR 4.71 CI 2.47-8.99), residing in a ward where there are high measles cases (AOR 2.29 CI 1.23- 4.27) and residing in a ward less than 2 years duration (AOR 2.24 CI 1.12-4.48). The uptake of both routine and supplementary measles vaccine is below the Tanzania estimated coverage. Household and childhood factors played a role in determining the uptake of measles vaccination services. There is a need for the DHMT to revisit the Health education sessions during RCH services covering vaccine preventable diseases and identify gaps to be addressed. The team should also find out reasons behind mothers not sending children for vaccination especially supplementary vaccines
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
HEALTH PROBLEMS OF STREET CHILDREN IN ELDORET, KENYA
No full textBackground: The street children phenomenon is an increasing pr ~blem in most cosmopolitancities of the world including Eldoret, which is a fast growing town. With the growth of thetown so is the increasing number of street children. It is therefore. important to have baselinedata on their health problems.Objective: To determine the health problems of street children in Eldoret.Design: A prospective and descriptive study.Setting: Eldoret Town, Kenya.Subjects: Eldoret street children aged 5 - 2lyears. Type 1 streer children were the "on" thestreet children whospent most oftheir time on the streets but welit home in the evenings, type2 were the "of' the street children who spent all their time in the I treets and had severed theirlinks with their families and did not have a home to go to, type 3 were abandoned childrenstaying in a shelter and type 4 were normal primary school ch Idren.Results: One hundred and ninety one children were studied. There were 38,47,56 and 50types 1,2,3 and 4 children, respectively. The most common s;,mptom was cough (28.9%)while frequent diagnosis was upper respiratory tract infection URTI) (12.1 %) followed byskin disease (50.9%) as the leading disease category. The con mon drug of addiction wascigarette (37.6%) and none of the school children was taking any drug of addiction. Theprevalence of disease was 467 per 1000 children. Type 2 strt et children had the highestprevalence of disease (833 per 1000 children). Shelter children had the least diseaseprevalence (474 per 1000). Factors determining prevalence of disease were the same as innormal children. The malnutrition rate was high with 31.1 % an, 141.9 % of the children beingstunted and underweight, respectively. Type 3 children had tht highest rate of malnutritionwith 51.8% and 64.3% being stunted and underweight.Conclusion: Street children have a high incidence of childhood c iseases. Factors determiningoccurrence of disease among street children are as in normal ct ildren. Respiratory and skindiseases were the leading causes of morbidity. Drug abuse w: s rampant among the streetchildren but none of the school children abused any drug. Se:.ually transmitted infectionswere not prevalent. Most of the shelter children were malnourished.Recommendations: The government of Kenya should provide free health care for streetchildren in public hospitals. Further studies should be carrled out on the prevalence ofsexually transmitted diseases based on laboratory testing and on the causes of the injuriessuffered by the street children. The reasons for the poor nu! ritional status of the shelterchildren should be analysed and appropriate measures take
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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