2,896 research outputs found
Discourse on formation of investigators’ competencies
No full textOne of the most important aims of law enforcement agencies is crime investigation and
prevention. Consequently, one of the main activities of the law enforcement agencies, especially in the
pre-trial investigation sphere, is to optimise the organisation of the pre-trial investigation in order to
save the experienced skilled and competent specialists. The author of this research offers a new
approach and analyses the qualification and competence of the pre-trial investigation subjects not only
in terms of personnel management, but all elements of the model of pre-trial investigation to make
pre-trial investigation organisation more effective. It should be noted that the content of an
investigators‘ qualification or levels of competence are still not determined or strictly regulated and
this is the reason for many discussions in this area. These discussions surround what qualification and level of competence the investigators should have in pre-trial investigation, what general and special
competencies they should acquire and how the content of the competencies should be determined. In the present article the author analyses the investigators‘ qualification and competence as a
presumption that it is an essential aspect of an effective pre-trial investigation. Analysing this question
the author compares other subjects such as the regulation of qualifications and levels of competence of
the prosecutors and pre-trial investigation judges. The author also identifies the problem of how to
define an investigators qualification and level of competence making recommendations to create a
Description of Investigators Competencies. Qualification requirements should be determined in this
legal act and general, occupational and special competencies should be identified with the content also
being determined within this framework. Formation of the Description of Investigators‘ Competencies
should determine not only the content of the investigators‘ required level of competence but also this
process should be consistent with the assessment and career development of investigators‘ including
the process of gaining the investigators‘ qualification. The aim of this research is to identify the problems associated with defining an investigators‘
qualification and levels of competence and to propose recommendations on how this could be
achieved. The subject of this research is limited to only looking at investigators‘ qualification and
level of competence. The author is using a qualitative method for this research based upon the contents of documents.
The author will analysis eight legal acts related to the qualification and competence of pre-trial
investigation and fifty different investigators‘ job descriptions.Straipsnyje nagrinėjama ikiteisminio tyrimo pareigūnų (tyrėjų) kvalifikacija ir kompetencija kaip viena iš veiksmingo ikiteisminio tyrimo organizavimo prielaidų. Analizuojant tyrėjų kvalifikacijos ir kompetencijos turinį ir jo reglamentavimą, lyginama kitų ikiteisminio tyrimo subjektų – prokurorų ir ikiteisminio tyrimo teisėjų – kvalifikacijos ir kompetencijos turinio reglamentavimo ypatumai, identifikuojamos tyrėjų kvalifikacijos ir kompetencijos apibrėžties problemos ir pateikiami sprendimo būdai – siūlomas ikiteisminio tyrimo pareigūnų (tyrėjų) kompetencijų aprašas, kuriame būtų tiksliai nustatyti tyrėjų kvalifikaciniai reikalavimai, identifikuotos bendrosios, profesinės ir specialiosios kompetencijos ir apibrėžtas šių kompetencijų turinys. Ikiteisminio tyrimo pareigūnų kompetencijų aprašo suformavimas sudarytų galimybę ne tik aiškiai apibrėžti tyrėjo kompetencijos turinį, bet ir šį procesą nuosekliai susieti su tyrėjo veiklos vertinimu, karjera ir kvalifikacijos tobulinimu. Straipsnį sudaro įvadas ir dvi dalys. Pirmoje dalyje nagrinėjama tyrėjo kvalifikacijos apibrėžties problematika, gretinama ikiteisminio tyrimo pareigūno, prokuroro ir teisėjo kvalifikacijos apibrėžtys. Šioje dalyje siūloma tiksliai nustatyti ir apibrėžti tyrėjo kvalifikacinius reikalavimus. Antrojoje dalyje analizuojama tyrėjo kompetencijos turinys. Nagrinėjant prokurorų, teisėjų kompetencijos turinį ir jo reglamentavimo ypatumus, siūloma sudaryti tyrėjo kompetencijų aprašą, kuriame būtų tiksliai apibrėžtas tyrėjo kompetencijos turinys
Sepsis-driven temporal variability in cytokine secretion and heart rate is potentiated by withdrawing vagal innervation: Evidence of higher order neuroimmunological communication via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in the ovine fetus near term
No full textFetal brain-gut communication is disrupted during sepsis and associated with a higher degree of intestinal inflammation: Implications for non-evasive monitoring
No full textInternet technologies relevant to private investigators’ working practices
No full textMuch has been written and discussed especially in the various US media and in legislative organs, about how the Internet is used illegally (hacking, stalking for instance), but hardly if any research has been done as to how the investigative industry employs the new medium to its benefit. The author described in this thesis how private investigators (PIs) execute their profession these days using the facilities the Internet avail them in contrast to the time before the dawn of the Internet. This contrast is also investigated in an international context, an important part of the thesis, drawn from the author's 32 years of international business experience and that of PIs worldwide. The availability of the various online facilities in different countries are compared. To better understand the new medium, and its facilities a short outline of the Internet’s history, it’s set up in general and for the use of PIs in particular is supplied. PIs also face limitations in their daily work, limitations originating from online, legal, educational, financial and international causes. The new medium not only helps PIs in their investigative, but also in their office work. Finally PIs' wishes for new tools to facilitate their daily investigative work and their outlook as to where the new medium will head are also discussed
A signature of fetal systemic inflammatory response in the temporal pattern of heart rate variability measures
No full textForms of cooperation between public prosecutor and preliminary investigators
No full textStraipsnyje, remiantis teisės aktų ir mokslinės literatūros analize bei atliktu empiriniu tyrimu, autorius nagrinėja prokurorų ir ikiteisminio tyrimo pareigūnų bendradarbiavimo sampratos, teisinio įtvirtinimo bei šių subjektų bendradarbiavimo pasireiškimo formų problematiką. Aiškindamasis prokuroro ir ikiteisminio tyrimo pareigūnų bendradarbiavimo sampratą autorius akcentuoja kriminalistikos taktikos vaidmenį šio bendradarbiavimo suvokime. Analizuojant bendradarbiavimo svarbą nusikalstamų veikų tyrimui ir nusikalstamumo prevencijai atkreipiamas dėmesys į būtinybę tokiam nusikalstamas veikas tiriančių pareigūnų bendradarbiavimui suteikti baudžiamojo proceso principo statusą. Nagrinėjant prokurorų ir ikiteisminio tyrimo pareigūnų bendradarbiavimo išraiškos formas praktiniame pareigūnų darbe akcentuojamas prokurorų pasyvumas šiame procese. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Prokuroras; Ikiteisminio; Tyrimo pareigūnas; Bendradarbiavimas; Kriminalistikos; Taktika; Nusikalstamų veikų tyrimas; Tyrimo planavimas; Ir organizavimas; Bendradarbiavimo formos; Public Prosecutor; Preliminary Investigator; Co-operation; Tactic's of Criminalistic; Investigation; Planning and Organization of Investigation; The Forms; Of Co-operationThe goal of this research is to present the main forms of the co-operation between public prosecutor and preliminary investigators. The author analyzed the main problems of the description's and legal regulations in the Lithuanian Code of Criminal procedure of the co-operation between public prosecutor and preliminary investigators. The description of co-operation between public prosecutor and preliminary investigators is formulating in accordance with the regulations of the tactic of criminalistics. The empirical research submitted problem that public prosecutor's are more passive than preliminary investigators in initiative to co-operate. The author takes attention on the necessity to legitimize the principium of the co-operation between public prosecutor and preliminary investigators in the Lithuanian Code of Criminal procedure
Supporting forensic investigators on exploring web forums through Interactive Topic Modeling
No full textForums on the Web have become a highly popular platform for malicious activities as recent technologies allow to preserve anonymity. Forensic investigators are more and more interested to use these forums on the so-called Dark Web as their source of intelligence. Exploring the forums one by one is too time-consuming and it requires much effort of the investigator to create an overview. Topic Modeling (TM) has shown to be able to give insights on discussions on forums, this way improving the exploration of this unknown data, as an alternative to a traditional search engine. Interactive Topic Modeling (ITM) moreover has been introduced as a technique to incorporate the domain knowledge of the user into the generated topic model. As the investigators have much domain knowledge, incorporating their knowledge into the topic models should increase the quality of the model and align it the goal of the investigator. In lab studies in related work, ITM has shown to outscore both TM and traditional search. In this thesis, we evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency and preference of using ITM in a more realistic setup with stakeholders (forensic investigators) in a domain of their expertise (the Dark Web) in a user study setup. For this, based on stakeholder interviews and earlier research, we designed and built an ITM framework to explore forums on the Dark Web. We found that TM was more effective than ITM for forensic investigators to complete their tasks. Furthermore, traditional search was found most efficient and preferred. It was observed that participants incorrectly interacted with the topic model. Additionally, we found that the difficulty of a task influenced the use of ITM versus search. Users were found to fall back on using traditional search to complete their task more often for tasks with a low or high difficulty. We state that as ITM is introduced as a promising technique in lab studies; more effort is needed in explaining its use to the end user.Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer ScienceSoftware TechnologyWeb Information System
Hepatitis B-core antibody positive donors in Liver Trasplantation and their impact on graft survival:Evidence from the Liver Match cohort study
No full textBackground 82 Aims:The appropriate allocation of grafts from HBcAb positive donors in liver transplantation is crucial,yet a consensus is still lacking
Opportunities for improvement in anti-thrombotic therapy and other strategies for the management of acute coronary syndromes: Insights from EPICOR, an international study of current practice patterns.
No full textAIMS: To describe international patterns and opportunities for improvement of pre- and in-hospital care of patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndromes (ACS), with special focus on anti-thrombotic therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: EPICOR (long-tErm follow-uP of anti-thrombotic management patterns In acute CORonary syndrome patients), an international, cohort study, which enrolled 10,568 consecutive ACS survivors from 555 hospitals in 20 countries across Europe and Latin America (September 2010 to March 2011), prospectively registered detailed information on pre- and in-hospital management. Globally, 4738 (44.8%) were attended before hospitalization, 4241 (40.1%) had an ECG, 2119 (20%) received anti-platelet therapy and 101 STEMI patients (2%) fibrinolysis. In-hospital, 7944 patients (75.2%) received dual anti-platelet therapy, most often with clopidogrel (69.7%), and less with prasugrel (5.4%); 1705 (16.1%) had triple anti-platelet therapy, and 849 (8%) single anti-platelet therapy. STEMI patients more often received pre-hospital anti-thrombotics, and prasugrel, GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors and UFH in-hospital (all p < 0.001). More NSTE-ACS patients received clopidogrel, single anti-platelet therapy, and fondaparinux (all p < 0.001). As many as 33% of ACS patients were medically managed. A significant decreasing gradient was found between Northern, Southern and Eastern Europe and Latin America in use of more potent patterns of anti-platelet therapy, reperfusion therapy and invasive strategy. CONCLUSION: This large international study shows room for improvement in use of anti-thrombotic drugs and other strategies for optimal management of ACS, including pre-hospital ECG and anti-thrombotic therapy. Regional practice differences not based on evidence or conditioned by economic constraints should be reduced
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