1,720,979 research outputs found
Production of prostaglandin E2 induced by cigarette smoke modulates tissue factor expression and activity in endothelial cells
No full textCigarette smoke (CS) increases the incidence of atherothrombosis, the release of prostaglandin (PG) E2, and the amount of tissue factor (TF). The link between PGE2 and TF, and the impact of this interaction on CS-induced thrombosis, is unknown. Plasma from active smokers showed higher concentration of PGE2, TF total antigen, and microparticle-associated TF (MP-TF) activity compared with never smokers. Similar results were obtained in mice and in mouse cardiac endothelial cells (MCECs) after treatment with aqueous CS extracts (CSEs) plus IL-1β [CSE (6.4 puffs/L)/IL-1β (2 μg/L)]. A significant correlation between PGE2 and TF total antigen or MP-TF activity were observed in both human and mouse plasma or tissue. Inhibition of PGE synthase reduced TF in vivo and in vitro and prevented the arterial thrombosis induced by CSE/IL-1β. Only PG E receptor 1 (EP1) receptor antagonists (SC51089:IC50 ∼ 1 μM, AH6809:IC50 ∼ 7.5 μM) restored the normal TF and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) levels in MCECs before PGE2 (EC50 ∼ 2.5 mM) or CSE/IL-1β exposure. Similarly, SIRT1 activators (CAY10591: IC50 ∼ 10 μM, resveratrol: IC50 ∼ 5 μM) or prostacyclin analogs (IC50 ∼ 5 μM) prevented SIRT1 inhibition and reduced TF induced by CSE/IL-1β or by PGE2. In conclusion, PGE2 increases both TF expression and activity through the regulation of the EP1/SIRT1 pathway. These findings suggest that EP1 may represent a possible target to prevent prothrombotic states.-Amadio, P., Baldassarre, D., Tarantino, E., Zacchi, E., Gianellini, S., Squellerio, I., Amato, M., Weksler, B. B., Tremoli, E., Barbieri, S. S. Production of prostaglandin E2 induced by cigarette smoke modulates tissue factor expression and activity in endothelial cells
Preliminary data on the presence of grapevine pinot gris virus in Lombardy
No full textGrapevine Pinot Gris virus (GPGV) was identified for the first time in 2012 in Trentino region (northern Italy). Subsequently, GPGV was reported in other Italian regions and in other countries. This Thricovirus, family Betaflexiviridae, was associated with grapevines showing leaves deformation, chloric mottling and puckering. During a survey carried out in six Chardonnay and Pinot noir vineyards in Lombardy, vines showing GPGV-like symptoms were observed.
Total RNAs were extracted from leaves and PCR reaction was performed on cDNA, obtained using random primers and RevertAid M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase, with primer pairs amplifying three distinct GPGV genomic regions (replicase, movement and coat proteins). PCR products related to movement and coat protein genes were sequenced on both strands, assembled, and compared with GenBank.
GPGV was detected in 14 out of the 29 sampled grapevines; only 3 of these were symptomatic. Utilized primers pairs showed diverse sensitiveness: GPGV was detected in 12 plants using primer pairs for movement and coat protein genes, and in six grapevines using primer pair for replicase. Nucleotide sequences relative to movement (partial) and coat protein genes of Lombardy GPGV isolates share 96.5 to 98% identity with GPGV isolates from Italy, Slovak and Czech.
The finding of this virus in a new area (Lombardy) leads to the consideration that GPGV is widely present in Northern Italy and that further investigation should be done in order to assess its role in the disease aetiology
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Tobacco smoke interaction with Interkeukin-1beta promotes dissociation of VE-Cadherin VE-cadherin and beta-catenin complexes, suppression of PTEN activity and induction of COX-2 expression through the ROS pathway
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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