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    5(4H)-oxazolones. Part XIII. A new synthesis of 4-ylidene-5(4H)- oxazolones by the Stille reaction

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    4-Chloromethylene-2-phenyl-5(4H)-oxazolone 1 was used as the starting material for the preparation of a series of 4-ylideneoxazolones 3 by the Stille reaction. When compound 1 was reacted with organostannanes 2 in the presence of the palladium catalyst, oxazolones 3 were obtained in good yields in mild reaction conditions

    Synthesis of 3,3'-disubstituted-2,2'-biindolyls through sequential palladium-catalysed reactions of 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-(2-(4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-acetylamino)-phenyl]-buta-1,3-d iynyl)-phenyl)-acetamide with organic halides/triflates

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    Palladium-catalysed reactions of aryl iodides/vinyl triflates with 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-(2-(4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-acetylamino)-phenyl]buta-1,3-di ynyl)-phenyl)-acetamide provide a straightforward entry into 3,3'-disubstituted-2,2'-biindolyls. Subsequent application of the procedure to homochiral aryl iodides affords the corresponding chiral 3,3'-disubstituted-2,2'-biindolyls. The methodology can also be applied to the synthesis of benzo[c]indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

    C-C, C-O, C-N Bond Formation on sp2-Carbon by Pd(II)-Catalyzed Reactions Involving Oxidant Agents

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    A review on the Pd(II)-complex-catalyzed reactions is presented as well as on all the types of bonds formed specifically on C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds. In addition, the formation of more different bond reactions will be discussed as well as the processes involving the carbonylation reaction which is the insertion of carbon monoxide under very mild conditions. The mechanistic study of the reactions showed that the alkyl-Pd(II) intermediate is oxidized in situ by the action of hypervalent iodine to an alkyl-Pd(IV) intermediate

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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