1,720,958 research outputs found
Valutazione della prevalenza dei differenti tratti malocclusivi attraverso una revisione della letteratura = Evalutation of the prevalence of different malocclusal traits: a review of the literature
No full textLo scopo dell’ortodonzia consiste nella correzione delle malocclusioni, per cui si è deciso di effettuare una revisione della letteratura per valutare la prevalenza dei diversi tratti malocclusivi. È stata effettuata una ricerca nel database Medline utilizzando le parole chiave: “epidemiology” e/o “prevalence” e “malocclusion”. Dei 650 articoli ottenuti, ne sono stati analizzati 38 che rientravano nei criteri di inclusione: revisioni della letteratura, articoli clinici pubblicati negli ultimi 10 anni, studi condotti su umani, disponibilità del full text. Sono stati esclusi gli studi che valutavano le anomalie dentarie, i traumi e quelli basati su soggetti con malformazioni cranio-facciali. La prevalenza di malocclusioni è molto elevata, intorno al 60-80%, ma le variazioni occlusali sono correlate con l’etnia. La seconda classe Angle è più frequente nella popolazione caucasica mentre la III è predominante in quelle asiatica e negroide. Nonostante le differenze razziali, le variazioni occlusali seguono una distribuzione universalmente comparabile. La prima classe appare la prevalente, seguita dalla seconda e infine dalla terza classe. In aggiunta si può affermare che l’overjet aumentato e il deep-bite risultano più frequenti di overjet ridotto e open-bite, rispettivamente. Il cross-bite è un’anomalia poco diffusa, mentre l’affollamento dentario risulta la più frequente. La prevalenza delle malocclusioni ha valori che dipendono anche dal tipo di dentatura: in quella decidua si hanno delle caratteristiche malocclusive, come open-bite, cross-bite e overjet aumentato, con una prevalenza maggiore rispetto alla dentatura permanente poiché sono correlate con abitudini viziate come il succhiamento non nutritivo. A causa di molteplici discrepanze tra le classificazioni dei tratti malocclusivi, suggeriamo la necessità di un’uniformità nella classificazione di queste malocclusioni per permettere un confronto tra gli studi.The aim of the present study is to review the scientific literature about the prevalence of malocclusions, since the purpose of orthodontics is the correction of malocclusion. A research was carried out through the Medline database using the following key words: “epidemiology” or “prevalence” and “malocclusion”.
Among the 650 identified articles, 38 articles met the inclusion criteria: literature reviews, clinical articles published in the last ten years, studies on humans, full text available.
The studies on dental anomalies, trauma and craniofacial deformities where excluded. The prevalence of malocclusions in modern population is about 60-80% but occlusal variation differs among different ethnicities. The Angle class II is more frequent in Caucasian population while Angle class III is predominant in Asian and Negroid population. However, the occlusal variation follows a universal distributional pattern for most world populations. This pattern is arranged in the following descending order: Angle class I, Angle class II and Angle class III. In addition, increased overjet and deep-bite are more common than reduced overjet and open-bite, respectively. The cross-bite is not very common in the general population, instead crowding is the most common malocclusal trait. The prevalence of malocclusion also depends on the type of dentition. Increased overjet, anterior open-bite and posterior cross-bite are more common in the deciduous dentition as they are related to non-nutritive sucking habits. Due to multiple discrepancies observed among the classifications published on the malocclusal traits, we believe a universal classification is needed, in order to compare their prevalence among different studies
Diastema, frenulo e frenulectomia = Diastema, frenum and frenectomy
No full textL’indicazione all’utilizzo della frenulectomia contestualmente a un trattamento ortodontico costituisce una tematica controversa. Lo scopo del presente lavoro è quello di eseguire una revisione della letteratura riguardo le indicazioni di carattere ortodontico per l’utilizzo della frenulectomia del frenulo labiale mediano superiore. La ricerca delle fonti bibliografiche è stata eseguita mediante il database Medline.
Sono stati ottenuti 336 lavori tra cui sono stati selezionati 31 articoli grazie all’applicazione dei seguenti criteri di inclusione: pubblicazione dal 1950 a oggi; articoli di pertinenza ortodontica; revisioni sistematiche della letteratura; studi clinici controllati e randomizzati. Sono stati consultati i seguenti libri di testo: Contemporary Orthodontics, 5a ed. Proffit et al; Manuale illustrato di chirurgia orale, 3a ed. Chiapasco et al; Atlante di chirurgia parodontale, Erpestein H.
Dall’analisi della letteratura possiamo concludere che: la principale indicazione alla frenulectomia mediana superiore è costituta dalla persistenza del diastema interincisivo oltre il fisiologico periodo della fase del brutto anatroccolo; vista l’eziologia multifattoriale del diastema, il frenulo labiale superiore può essere dichiarato come sua causa solo dopo aver escluso fattori eziologici più frequenti; bisogna indagare l’accettazione del paziente in quanto il trattamento del diastema a oggi è eseguito soprattutto per motivazioni di carattere estetico; non vi è ancora chiarezza sulle correlazioni fra frenulo mediano e sofferenza parodontale.
Sono necessari ancora studi di elevata evidenza clinica con un follow up lungo per stabilire con certezza l’influenza del frenulo labiale superiore sul diastema.The indications to frenectomy during an orthodontic treatment are still a controversial topic in the scientific literature.
The aim of the present study is to review the scientific literature about the orthodontic indications to the superior labial frenum frenectomy.
A detailed Medline database search was carried and among the 336 identified articles, 31 articles met the following inclusion criteria: articles published from 1950 to today, orthodontic articles, systematic reviews, controlled and randomized clinical trials.
The authors also consulted the following texts: Contemporary orthodontics, 5a ed. Proffit et al; Manuale di chirurgia orale, 3a ed. Chiapasco et al; Atlante di chirurgia parodontale, Erpestein H.
From the analisy of the literature, we concluded that: the maxillary midline diastema is the most important indication for the superior labial frenum frenectomy; a maxillary midline diastema is common until the eruption of permanent canines, but it can mildly persist in the permanent dentition; when the diastema persists, many causes can be considered and only after the exclusion of the other causes the frenum can be considered as a possible cause of diastema; there is the need to understand if frenum has a psychological implication for the patient, since frenum surgery often has only aesthetic motivations; the correlations between frenum and gingival recession remain unclear.
Additional high evidence based clinical studies with long follow-up are essential to asses the influence of an abnormal frenum on the midline diastema
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Osteotomia segmentale per il recupero chirurgico-ortodontico di un dente in anchilosi : Caso clinico = Segmental osteotomy for the management of an ankylosed permanent tooth : A case report
No full textOBJECTIVES. The aim of this case report is to describe a method to treat ankylosed teeth, as an alternative to avulsion and replantation procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The case of a 13-year-old patient is presented, who was subjected to a single tooth dento- osseous osteotomy for the treatment of an ankylosed and infraoccluded maxillary right central incisor. RESULTS. Short term evaluation revealed a good soft tissue healing. After 6 months, there was no evidence of relapse in the tooth position. The post-treatment panoramic radiograph showed good bone regeneration around the segmental osteotomies. CONCLUSIONS. Single-tooth osteotomy to reposition an ankylosed tooth, in conjunction with orthodontic treatment, is a predictable and successful procedure. This technique enables the repositioning of the ankylosed tooth, while preserving the alveolar bone
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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