1,720,994 research outputs found
Ethnographic approaches : Types, trends and themes
No full textEthnography is a methodology based on direct observation. Of course, when doing conducting ethnography, it is also essential to listen to the conversations of the actors ‘on stage’ , read the documents produced in the field, and interact with people, asking questions. However, what most notably distinguishes ethnography from other methodologies is thea more active role assigned to the cognitive modes of observing, watching, seeing, looking at and scrutinizing.
Ethnography, like any other methodology, is not simply merely an instrument of for data collection. It wais born at a particular moment in the history of society and thus embodies certain of its cultural features
Re(l)azioni popolari: etnografia in un quartiere di edilizia residenziale pubblica
No full textLa ricerca di cui riportiamo alcuni risultati ha come obiettivo l’analisi della qualità dell’abitare nei quartieri di edilizia residenziale pubblica di Livorno. Questo articolo tratta dell’etnografia svolta in uno di questi quartieri: “La Guglia” (Barriera Garibaldi), uno dei più vecchi e più problematici sia a livello strutturale sia a livello sociale. In particolare esamina una dimensione della qualità dell’abitare: quella relativa alle relazioni tra gli abitanti, cercando di far dialogare aspetti macrosociali, strutturali e relativi alle politiche sull’abitare, con aspetti microsociali.
In un quartiere popolare ciò che non è stabilito dalle decisioni politiche sono le relazioni fra le persone. Gli abitanti non possono scegliere quale appartamento occupare e quali persone avere come vicini di casa, ma hanno esclusivamente la libertà di avere o non avere rapporti con questi e di scegliere il tipo di rapporto. Nell’articolo si descrivono le interazioni quotidiane fra gli abitanti, l’uso collettivo e le pratiche degli spazi e si delineano tipi diversi di attori a partire dalla dicotomia di Elias established-outsiders
Proposte metodologiche per studiare la qualità dell’abitare
No full textLa qualità dell’abitare è un concetto complesso, la cui intensione è ricca di dimensioni diverse: la dimensione legale, legata al titolo di godimento dell’abitazione; quella relativa alla sostenibilità economica, cioè l’incidenza delle spese per l’alloggio e per la sua manutenzione sul reddito; la dimensione relativa alle caratteristiche strutturali dell’alloggio e dell’edificio; la qualità della vita urbana del quartiere; la qualità delle relazioni fra gli abitanti e le istituzioni; la qualità delle relazioni fra vicini di casa. Molti aspetti dell’intensione del concetto di qualità dell’abitare si sovrappongono poi al concetto di qualità della vita in generale. Come si possono indagare le dimensioni della qualità dell’abitare?
A partire da una ricerca realizzata in due quartieri di edilizia residenziale pubblica della città di Livorno e dalle riflessioni teoriche sul concetto di qualità dell’abitare che l’hanno accompagnata, l’articolo intende proporre riflessioni di metodo e fare proposte metodologiche.The quality of housing is a complex concept with diverse dimensions: the legal dimension; economic sustainability; the structural characteristics of the accommodation and the building; the quality of urban life in the neighbourhood; the quality of relations among neighbours. The semantic sphere of housing quality also includes many other aspects, which overlap with the more general idea of quality of life.
Starting from a research carried out in two public housing estates in the city of Livorno and from the theoretical reflections on the concept of quality of housing that accompanied it, the article intends to propose methodological reflections and make methodological proposals
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Living in La Guglia: ethnographic research in a neighbourhood of public housing in Italy
No full textAn analysis of the concept of quality of housing in a neighbourhood of public housing in Livorno, Italy. An ethnographic researc
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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