1,721,374 research outputs found
Regolazione ambientale, innovazione tecnologica, produttività
No full textNeoclassical economic theory considers environmental regulation as necessary to cope with market failures related to environmental externalities but detrimental to firms’ productivity. This interpretation has been challenged almost 25 years ago by Michael Porter by arguing that well-designed policies do not necessarily hinder the competitiveness of firms but might actually increase it. In this article, we will review the main – and often contrasting – results of the studies on what has become simply known as the «Porter’s hypothesis». Possible new venues of research will be also discusse
Environmental regulation and direction of technological change
No full textIn resource-constrained world, environmental regulation is more likely to steer the direction of technological change than simply increasing green innovation. Nonetheless, studies on the Porter’s hypothesis have often omitted the impact of environmental policy on “not-green” technologies. To this end, the paper empirically assesses the consequences of increasingly stringent regulation on the technologies the environmental policy aims to promote and on competing innovation. The estimations suggest that different types of regulatory instruments have distinct influences on the direction of technological efforts but reveal also the presence of path dependency. Market-based instruments are shown to be the main driver of increased innovation in the technological field that environmental policy wish to promote while non-market based measures principally shifts private innovation efforts away from polluting technologies. At the same time, the increase driven by market instruments seems to be coupled with a decrease in innovation in other, not necessarily polluting, technologies. The empirical analysis in a panel setting of the dynamic efficiency of diverse types of regulations and the usage of composite indicator in the field of environmental economics and innovation are additional novelties of this paper
The Role of Industrial Policies in the Development of a Competitive Wind Energy Industry : the Danish and Chinese Sectoral Innovation Systems
No full textIn order to shed lights on the process of building a competitive green industry, the paper leverages the analytical framework of innovation systems to comparatively analyze the growth of the Chinese and Danish wind industries. Framing the analysis through the evolution of the wind turbine technology, the differences and similarities between the configurations of the two sectoral innovation systems are discussed and the key conclusions from the perspective of a policy maker are presented. The analysis suggests that the function of knowledge creation, which is the most related to the technological stage, can be performed differently according to state of the art of the technology and to the maturity of the relevant domestic green sectoral system. At the same time, the nature of green technologies reinforces the interaction between the functions of knowledge generation and market formation. Environmental policies should therefore be carefully designed in order to be «incident» and to correctly frame buyers’ incentives. In addition, the Danish case underlines how demand-side policies can be instrumental in both increasing the leverage of private finance and lowering the risk of NIMBY syndrome. Both cases are characterized by mechanisms to curb inertia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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