1,720,963 research outputs found
Fingerprints. Tecniche di identificazione e diritti delle persone
No full textIl volume Fingerprints analizza il tema dell'identificazione delle persone in un'ottica ampia, in senso cronologico e spaziale, e in modo interdisciplinare. La collettanea raccoglie i saggi di studiose e studiosi con background scientifici diversificati, portatrici e portatori di saperi specialistici che, interagendo tra loro, possono favorire un avanzamento della conoscenza in materia. Il volume vuole quindi promuovere un approccio metodologico innovativo e versatile, che consenta di mettere in relazione, in maniera fruttuosa, passato e presente
Introduzione
No full textL’identificazione delle persone è un tema sempre più centrale negli
ultimi anni, tanto in campo politico quanto in ambito scientifico.
L’intensificarsi dei movimenti migratori diretti verso le aree più ricche
del pianeta ha prodotto come conseguenza un’attenzione specifica
per le procedure di accertamento dell’identità personale, che va
spesso a sovrapporsi a una focalizzazione ossessiva su questioni
come la sicurezza e la protezione dei confini.
Da una prospettiva storica di lungo periodo, tuttavia, l’identificazione
è un tema che va ben oltre la gestione delle migrazioni, interessando
dall’interno il processo costitutivo degli stati moderni.
L’introduzione di norme giuridiche, dispositivi amministrativi e
strumenti tecnologici finalizzati a conoscere e riconoscere le persone presenti
sul territorio statale e quelle interessate a farvi ingresso (oppure
a uscirne) rappresenta un momento fondamentale nella vicenda
delle istituzioni politiche.
Fingerprints intende affrontare la questione dell’identificazione in
un’ottica ampia, in senso cronologico e spaziale, e in modo interdisciplinare.
Per questa ragione, ha coinvolto studiose e studiosi con
background scientifici diversificati, portatrici e portatori di saperi specialistici
che, interagendo tra loro, possono favorire un avanzamento
della conoscenza in materia. Il volume vuole quindi promuovere un
approccio metodologico innovativo e versatile, che consenta di mettere
in relazione, in maniera fruttuosa, passato e presente
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Environment
Full text linkMany environmental problems are large scale in terms of geographical units and long-term with regard to time. We therefore find a coincidence of different causes and impacts that qualify the interplay between humans and nature as highly uncertain (“transparency challenge”). In consequence we see a need for innovative analytical methods and modelling approaches to supplement the traditional monitoring-based approach in environmental policy. This should allow capturing different degrees of uncertainty which in general is out of power of any monitoring activity. Moreover, with regard to the design of monitoring approaches it requires collecting and connecting data from different fields of social activities in regard of a divergence of natural and social systems’ boundaries. This requires the provision of sufficient, frequently huge data sets (“availability challenge”) that need to fit with each other (“compatibility challenge”). Even if these challenges are met data processing remains a very complex and time-consuming task which should be supported by a user-friendly infrastructure. We here see a comparative advantage in using the GIS technology and a nested structure for data provision supporting the up and down scaling of information and the access of data from different perspectives (“connectivity challenge”) - a polluters, a victims and a regulators point of view.Coincidence of causes and impacts, transparency challenge, availability challenge, compatibility challenge, connectivity challenge, GIS technology, nested structure of data provision
- …
