1,721,131 research outputs found
Ritmi biologici e sport
No full textL’approccio cronobiologico all’attività sportiva è un metodo in grado
di ottimizzare la prestazione sportiva e di ottenere il massimo beneficio
che lo sport può determinare in termini di salute
Nutrition, activity behavior and body constitution in primary school children
Full text linkChild and adolescent obesity currently affects at least 10-25�0of the paediatric population in most developed countries. The BMI value is one of the most appropriate method of defining obesity and has a strong association with body fatness and health risk. Two main environmental factors, nutrition and physical activity, could influence paediatric obesity development. This paper studies the relationship between sedentariness, snack and soft drink intake and overweight or obesity in children. 1194 primary school children (age 8-10) participated in the study. For all the subjects we measured the anthropometric data to calculate the BMI. The overweight and obesity prevalence was estimated using age-specific BMI cutoffs. A questionaire was also submitted to all the children by a single interviewer to obtain data about: a) Weekly Physical Activity, b) Weekly Sedentary Activity, c) Alimentary Style. Spearman rank correlation and the Student’s t-test were used. The data demonstrated that 23.2�0of the children is overweight and the 4.8�0obese. BMI is inversely correlated to the physical activity, while there is positive correlation between BMI and number of double portions. Statistically significant positive correlation is present among eating snacks and hours of sedentariness, while there is a negative correlation between physical activity and TV hours. Physical activity in the childhood could be an important tool to prevent obesity development and adult-onset chronic diseases. It is important to encourage an active lifestyle in order to reduce sedentariness
Resynchronization of blood pressure circadian rhythm after westward trans-7-meridian flight with and without melatonin treatment
No full textBlood pressure (BP) of a healthy 37-yr-old male traveling from Milan to Houston was monitored for 36 h before the flight and continued for 5 d after the arrival. The rhythmometric analysis of BP data was made to investigate the rate of adaptation to a rapid rest-activity cycle shift. Since two trips were evaluated, during the second one the subject took melatonin (3 mg) before the nocturnal rest. In the first trip the BP circadian rhythm synchronization occurred on the 5th day. In the second trip melatonin promoted an immediate but unstable adaptation to the new rest-activity cycle
Physical activity and dietary habits in 9-10-year-old children : a study in the province of Milan = Attività fisica e Stile alimentare in bambini di 9-10 anni : indagine nella provincia di Milano
No full textAim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sedentary behavior, snacks and soft drink intake and overweight/obesity in 9-10-year-old children. Methods. The study population was 1 194 elementary school children residing in communities in the province of Milan. Body-mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was calculated and overweight and obesity rates were estimated using age-specific BMI cut-off values. A questionnaire administrated by the same interviewer investigated for weekly physical activity, weekly sedentary activity and dietary habits; specifically, the number of hours of weekly physical and sedentary activity and the number of extra helpings and soft drinks and snacks. Results. Spearman's rank correlation and Student's t-test were used to test correlations between the variables and BMI values. More physically active children had lower BMI values. Sedentary behavior at home correlated statistically with more hours watching TV, using the computer and playing videogames and with greater snack and soft drink intake. Increasing the amount of time spent in physical activity, because it increases energy expenditure and distracts children from consuming unnecessary food, couid be a useful way to prevent childhood obesity and adult-onset chronic diseases. Conclusion. Parents and teachers can play an instrumental role in encouraging a more active and healthy lifestyle in children by proposing extracurricular physical activity programs appropriate for this age group
Physical activity and dietary habits in 9-10 years old children : a study in the province of Milan
No full textObiettivo. Scopo di questa indagine è valutare le relazioni esistenti tra sedentarietà, consumo di merendine e bibite zuccherate e la presenza di sovrappeso e obesità nei bambini di 9-10 anni. Hanno partecipato allo studio 1194 bambini delle Scuole Elementari della provincia di Milano.
Metodi. I bambini sono stati sottoposti a misurazione di altezza e peso ed è stato valutato l’indice di massa corporea (body mass index, BMI): la presenza di sovrappeso e obesità è stata valutata considerando il punto di cut-off del BMI relativo all’età media del campione. Un unico esaminatore ha sottoposto ogni bambino alla compilazione guidata di un questionario, per ottenere informazioni riguardanti l’attività fisica settimanale, l’attività sedentaria settimanale e lo stile alimentare. Si sono così ottenuti dei valori numerici relativi al numero di ore di attività fisica e di attività sedentaria settimanale e alla quantità di porzioni extra e/o di bibite zuccherate e merendine, posti in relazione ai valori di BMI.
Risultati. Per la valutazione dei dati sono stati utilizzati il test t di Student e la correlazione dei ranghi secondo Spearman. I bambini più attivi fisicamente presentano valori di BMI più bassi. La sedentarietà durante il periodo di permanenza a casa è correlata statisticamente al fatto che i bambini guardano la TV e giocano con il computer o con i videogiochi, e questo comporta un maggior consumo di snack e bibite zuccherate. È risultato così evidente che una maggiore quan-tità di tempo dedicato all’attività fisica nei bambini ottiene il doppio scopo di aumentare il consumo calorico e di distoglierli dal consumo di alimenti non necessari, rappresentando così un valido mezzo per prevenire lo sviluppo di obesità e di malattie croniche in età adulta.
Conclusioni. Genitori e insegnanti dovrebbero motivare i bambini verso uno stile di vita più dinamico e salutare, riducendone i momenti di sedentarietà e proponendo programmi di attività motoria extracurricolare adeguati all’età
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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