1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Visual anthropology of organizations
No full textAntropologia wizualna to część szeroko rozumianej antropologii kultury, będąca z jednej strony analizą wizualnych elementów kultury, z drugiej zaś służąca przekazywaniu treści antropologicznych za pomocą wizualnych środków wyrazu. Na podstawowym poziomie zakres analiz antropologii wizualnej w badaniach organizacyjnych obejmuje: artefakty i symbole odzwierciedlające kulturę organizacyjną, fizyczną przestrzeń organizacji oraz jej wpływ na funkcjonowanie jednostek i grup społecznych, wewnętrzny i zewnętrzny wizerunek organizacji, pracownika i menedżera oraz wykorzystywane w organizacji metody wizualizacji relacji, informacji i wiedzy. Na głębszym poziomie antropologia wizualna może poszukiwać kulturowych aspektów struktury i strategii badanych organizacji. Poprzez badanie elementów obrazujących hierarchię, relacje i wzorce estetyczne występujące w danej organizacji można lepiej zrozumieć uwarunkowania społeczne wpływające na jej tożsamość, innowacyjność, a nawet efektywność. Antropologia wizualna organizacji ma na celu uzupełnianie tradycyjnych metod antropologicznych oraz poszerzenie ich zakresu o pozawerbalne przejawy kultury organizacyjnej. Wydaje się to szczególnie ważne w dobie rosnącej roli kultury wizualnej w życiu społecznym.Visual anthropology constitutes part of the widely comprehended cultural anthropology, which, on the one hand, is a visual analysis of cultural elements, and, on the other hand, serves as a method to communicate anthropological contents by virtue of visual means of expression. On a basic level the scope of analyses on visual anthropology in organizational research includes the following issues: artefacts and symbols reflecting organizational culture, physical space of an organization and its influence on how the individuals and social groups function, internal and external images of an organization, its employees and managers, as well as the methods used by an organisation to visualise its relations, information and knowledge. On a deeper level visual anthropology may look for cultural aspects of the structure and strategies of the analysed organizations. The analysis of the elements representing the hierarchy, relations and aesthetic standards in a particular organization may ensure a broader understanding of social circumstances, which have an impact not only on its identity and innovation, but even on its effectiveness. The object of organisational visual anthropology is to supplement the traditional anthropological methods, and to extend their scope by nonverbal manifestations of organisational culture. This seems to be essential in the era where the importance of visual culture is increasing
The formative role of art and organisational aesthetics – visualisation and drawing in organisational development
No full textMany cognitive researchers point out the unique properties of drawing for learning and sensemaking. Concurrently, the principles derived from the theory of art, perception or Gestalt theory can be translated into the functions, structures and strategies of modern organisations. As it turns out, many visual criteria which are incorporated within the idea of the aesthetics of management could be used to analyse issues related to organisational design and development. That is why many visual tools are used in organisational practice, such as graphs, plots, maps or diagrams. Yet managers should not limit themselves to the use of only widely recognised visual representations. Less rigid and more spontaneous methods like sketching and doodling, could be especially useful when dealing with new, ill-defined and uncertain problems. The unartistic graphical representation of structure, culture and strategy through the addition of various forms of visual expression could often serve as an inspiration for divergent thinking
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The organizational architecture. Between the structure and the space of the organization
No full textThe relationship between the organizational structure and the work space are becoming more and more often the focus of research. It results from the fact that, since the beginnings of the scientific approach to management, these both dimensions have evolved, however not always in harmony. As far as the organizational maps (structures, hierarchies) are becoming more and more blurred, temporary and obscure (by means of network, virtual or liquid structures), the territories (buildings, offices, locations) are more often the indictor of image, identity and culture of a given organization. The deliberations concerning these issues, initiated by such authors as Foucault or Lefebvre led to the so called ‘spatial turn’ in the research on organizations. It turns out that these spatial relationships as well as the aesthetics of work place significantly influence not only productivity but also motivation, innovativeness, communication and the relationship of power between the employees. That’s why the question, of how to examine the design, social and cultural phenomenon which is the contemporary office and other work space, remains open.Relacje pomiędzy strukturą organizacyjną a przestrzenią pracy coraz częściej stają się przedmiotem badań. Jest to spowodowane faktem, że od początków naukowego podejścia do zarządzania oba te wymiary ewoluują, jednak nie zawsze w sposób współgrający. O ile organizacyjne mapy (struktury, hierarchie) stają się coraz bardziej rozmyte, tymczasowe i niejasne (za sprawą struktur sieciowych, wirtualnych, czy płynnych), to terytoria (budynki, biura, lokalizacje) coraz częściej są wyznacznikiem wizerunku, tożsamości i kultury danej organizacji. Rozważania dotyczące tych zagadnień, zapoczątkowane przez takich autorów, jak Foucault, czy Lefebvre, doprowadziły do tzw. „zwrotu przestrzennego” w badaniach nad organizacjami. Okazuje się przy tym, że relacje przestrzenne i estetyka miejsca pracy w istotny sposób rzutuje nie tylko na produktywność, ale też na motywację, innowacyjność, komunikację i relacje władzy pomiędzy pracownikami. Dlatego też otwartym pytaniem pozostaje kwestia, jak badać fenomen projektowy, społeczny i kulturowy, jakim jest współczesne biuro i inne przestrzenie pracy
Knowledge conversion and arts-based methods
Get PDFThe paper discusses the formative ideas behind the Japanese model of knowledge management, the Western difficulties in the understanding and operationalising tacit and explicit knowledge conversion, and the role of arts-based methods in harnessing the still elusive knowledge dynamics, as well as adaptation of the popular, yet rarely used approach proposed by Ikujiro Nonaka.The paper discusses the formative ideas behind the Japanese model of knowledge management, the Western difficulties in the understanding and operationalising tacit and explicit knowledge conversion, and the role of arts-based methods in harnessing the still elusive knowledge dynamics, as well as adaptation of the popular, yet rarely used approach proposed by Ikujiro Nonaka
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Refleksja estetyczna w teorii i praktyce zarządzania
No full textProwadzone od kilkudziesięciu lat badania nad estetyką organizacji spowodowały, że organizacje nie są już traktowane jako byty estetycznie neutralne, ale jako formy ekspresji, podatne na wielorakie aspekty ludzkiej percepcji, interpretacji i reakcji. Podejście to może mieć szczególne znaczenie we wspomaganiu kreatywności, innowacyjności, konwersji wiedzy, a także krytycznej refleksji nad teorią i praktyką zarządzania. Aby w pełni wykorzystać potencjał tej perspektywy poznawczej, należy zwrócić się w kierunku stosownych praktyk (np. pracy projektantów i twórców) oraz teorii (percepcji, projektowania, czy sztuki), które do tej pory leżały poza sferą zainteresowania głównego nurtu teorii organizacji i zarządzania.Research on the aesthetics of organisations, conducted for several decades, has led to organisations being no longer regarded as aesthetically neutral entities, but as forms of expression, susceptible to several aspects of human perception, interpretation and reaction. This approach can be of particular importance for supporting creativity, innovativeness, knowledge conversion, and for critical reflection on the theory of management and managerial practice. In order to take full advantage of the potential of this cognitive perspective, one should turn to applied practices (e.g. the work of designers and artists) combined with theory (of perception, design or art), which have thus far remained beyond the purview of mainstream organisation and management theory
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
