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Tendencje w kreowaniu współczesnych imion zwierząt na tle polskiej tradycji zoonimicznej
No full textZoonymy is a relatively young branch of onomastics which deals with animal names. It is increasingly popular among scholars given the growing importance of pets in human life. No longer seen predominantly as sources of food, now more than ever animals are people’s best friends. This is reflected in the names which their owners give them which, in turn, are investigated by linguists. The article presents tendencies in modern animal naming and sets them against the background of Polish zoonymy
Motywy nadawania imion zwierzętom domowym... w świetle Autobiografii na czterech łapach 1 Doroty Sumińskiej
No full textZoonymy is a relatively new branch of onomastics that deals with animal names. It is increasingly popular among scholars given the growing importance of pets in human life. No longer seen predominantly as a source of food, animals are now more than ever people’s best friends. It is reflected in the names that animal owners give their pets, which, in turn, are investigated by linguists. The article presents tendencies in the modern animal naming based on Autobiografia na czterech łapach [Autobiography on All Fours] by Dorota Sumińska
The motives of giving names to pets based on Autobiografia na czterech łapach by Dorota Sumińska
No full textZoonymy is a relatively new branch of onomastics that deals with animal names. It is
increasingly popular among scholars given the growing importance of pets in human life.
No longer seen predominantly as a source of food, animals are now more than ever people’s
best friends. It is reflected in the names that animal owners give their pets, which, in turn,
are investigated by linguists.
The article presents tendencies in the modern animal naming based on Autobiografia
na czterech łapach [Autobiography on All Fours] by Dorota Sumińska
Names of animals in non-fiction texts of the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century
No full textUniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie.
Wydział Filologiczny. Językoznawstwo. Rozprawa doktorska napisana pod kierunkiem dr hab. Krystyny Kowalik, prof. IJP PAN.Zoonimia będąca jednym z młodszych działów onomastyki zajmuje się nazewnictwem
zwierząt. Zoonimia zyskuje coraz większe zainteresowanie badaczy ze względu na rosnące
znaczenie zwierząt domowych, ulubieńców człowieka, trzymanych dla przyjemności i
włączanych w codzienne życie rodziny. Zwierzęta w znacznej mierze przestają być
postrzegane jako pełniące w rodzinie wyłącznie funkcję praktyczną i często stają się
przyjaciółmi ludzi. Znajduje to wyraz w akcie nominacji, nadawaniu zwierzętom imion, które stanowią ważne źródło informacji dla badacza. Niniejsza praca ma na celu przedstawienie tendencji w kreowaniu współczesnych imion
zwierząt (w terminologii onomastycznej zwanych zoonimami), wyekscerpowanych z
publikacji o charakterze niefikcjonalnym z drugiej połowy XX i początku XXI wieku, które
objęły autobiografie, wspomnienia, opowieści, a także cykle wywiadów.
Trzon pracy stanowi analiza imion zwierząt przedstawiona na tle dotychczasowego
dorobku polskiej zoonimii. Analizy dokonuje się z punktu widzenia faktycznych lub
prawdopodobnych motywów kreacji zoonimów. Uwzględnione dane liczbowe wspomagają
próby sformułowania wniosków dotyczących typologii imion oraz ich funkcjonowania w
praktyce życia codziennego. Zgromadzony materiał zoonimiczny reprezentuje 1161 nazw własnych zwierząt
różnych gatunków, przede wszystkim domowych, zwłaszcza psów i kotów, oraz gatunków
żyjących na wolności i udomowionych dzikich, również zwierząt przebywających w
ogrodach zoologicznych i rezerwatach.
Z uwagi na występujące w tekstach liczne wyjaśnienia dotyczące pochodzenia
zoonimów, a także bogate opisy wyglądu zewnętrznego zwierząt, ich cech charakteru czy
wyróżniających dane zwierzę zachowań, w materiale wyodrębnia się dwie podstawowe
grupy. Są to zoonimy z uzasadnieniem wyboru głównie pochodzące od cech
charakterystycznych nazywanego zwierzęcia oraz zoonimy bez uzasadnienia wyboru. Dalsze szczegółowe podziały ujawniły wewnętrzne zróżnicowanie tych grup, wykazując, że współczesne tendencje nazewnicze, mocno zakorzenione w tradycji, w coraz większym
stopniu kształtowane są przez relacje, jakie powstają między człowiekiem a zwierzęciem we wzajemnych kontaktach, zaś brany pod uwagę przez właściciela podczas aktu nominacji zbiór cech zwierzęcia nieustannie ewoluuje. Z punktu widzenia kreacji nazw własnych zwierząt różnorodność podstaw
zoonimicznych (szczególnie w zakresie wykorzystania antroponimów), charakteryzująca tak
proces derywacji semantycznej, jaki i słowotwórczej, a także wielość użytych środków
derywacyjnych i związana z tym mała liczba powtarzających się imion zwierząt świadczą
niewątpliwie o otwartości polskiego podsystemu zoonimicznego i o możliwościach jego
uzupełniania, potwierdzają wysokie kompetencje słowotwórcze nadawców imion.
Wykryte motywy, jakimi kierowali się właściciele przy wyborze imion dla swoich
zwierząt oraz mechanizmy kreacji słowotwórczej tych nazw dowodzą zarówno
produktywności procesów prowadzących do powstania zoonimów, jak i zindywidualizowania poszczególnych aktów nominacyjnych. Dodatkowym atutem materiału, wyekscerpowanego z tekstów niefikcjonalnych, jest
fakt, że odnosi się on do autentycznych obiektów nazewniczych i jako taki funkcjonuje w
rzeczywistości pozajęzykowej. Pozwala to nie tylko na przyjęcie pragmatycznej perspektywy analizy tego materiału, ale także na przyjrzenie się swoistemu środowisku właścicieli zwierząt – przedstawicieli m.in. polskiej sceny artystycznej, publicystycznej, politycznej, również środowiska naukowego.Zoonymy, one of the younger branches of onomastics, deals with the names of animals.
Zoonymy becomes a point of interest for scholars because of the growing importance of
household animals, man's best friends, kept for fun and included in the family's daily life. The
animals have largely stopped being perceived as only serving practical needs in the family
and become human friends. This can be seen in the act of nomination, giving animals names,
which are an important source for the researcher.
This work aims at presenting the tendencies on creating modern animal names (called
zoonyms in onomastic terminology), excerpted from non-fiction publications from the second
half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, which include autobiographies,
memoires, novels, and interview cycles.The bulk of the paper includes the analysis of the names of animals presented in the
context of the past achievements of Polish zoonymy. The analysis is being conducted from the
point of view of factual or probable motives for creating zoonyms. The included numerical
data bolster the attempts to formulate the conclusions on the typology of names and their
functioning in everyday life. The accumulated zoonymic material represents 1161 names of animals of different
species, most of all household, mostly dogs and cats, and species living in the wild and
domesticated wild ones, as well as animals living in zoos and reserves. Due to many explanations on the origins of zoonyms appearing in the texts, as well as
detailed descriptions of the animals' looks, their character and distinctive behaviour, the
material distinguishes two basic groups. These are zoonyms with choice clarification, mainly
resulting from the characteristic features of the named animal and zoonyms without choice
clarification. Further detailed divisions revealed the internal diversity of these groups,
indicating that contemporary naming tendencies, strongly rooted in the tradition, are becoming increasingly shaped by the relations between a man and an animal, and the set of
features taken into account by the owner during the act of nomination is consistently evolving.
From the point of view of creating names of animals the diversity of zoonymic bases
(especially in the range of using anthroponyms), characteristic for both the process of
semantic derivation and the formative derivation, as well as the size of the derivation means
used and the small number of repeating names connected with it, are all undoubtedly an
evidence of the openness of the Polish zoonymic system. They also indicate the possibility of
supplementing this system and the formative competences of the name-givers.
The discovered motives of the owners when choosing a name for their animals and the mechanisms of formative creation of these names prove both the productivity of the processes
leading to the creation of zoonyms and the individualisation of individual nomination acts.
The additional asset of the material, excerpted from the non-fiction texts, is the fact that
it refers to authentic naming objects and as such, it functions in the extralinguistinc reality. It
allows not only for accepting the pragmatic perspective of this material analysis, but also for
looking closer at the specific environment of the animal owners - the representatives of inter
alia Polish artistic, publicist, political, as well as scientific scenes
Trends in modern animal naming against the background of Polish zoonymy
No full textZoonymy is a relatively young branch of onomastics which deals with animal names. It is
increasingly popular among scholars given the growing importance of pets in human life.
No longer seen predominantly as sources of food, now more than ever animals are people’s
best friends. This is reflected in the names which their owners give them which, in turn, are
investigated by linguists. The article presents tendencies in modern animal naming and sets
them against the background of Polish zoonymy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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