1,721,013 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Sympathetic activation in heart failure( )
No full textSympathetic activation has been long appreciated exclusively as a fundamental compensatory mechanism of the failing heart and, thus, welcome and to be supported. In the initial clinical phases of heart failure (HF), the sympathetic nervous system overdrive plays a compensatory function aimed at maintaining an adequate cardiac output despite the inotropic dysfunction affecting the myocardium. However, when the sympathetic reflex response is exaggerated it triggers a sequence of unfavourable remodelling processes causing a further contractile deterioration that unleashes major adverse cardiovascular consequences, favouring the HF progression and the occurrence of fatal events. Eventually, the sympathetic nervous system in HF was demonstrated to be a ‘lethality factor’ and thus became a prominent therapeutic target. The existence of an effective highly specialized intracardiac neuronal network immediately rules out the old concept that sympathetic activation in HF is merely the consequence of a drop in cardiac output. When a cardiac damage occurs, such as myocardial ischaemia or a primary myocardial disorder, the adaptive capability of the system may be overcame, leading to excessive sympatho-excitation coupled with attenuation till to abolishment of central parasympathetic drive. Myocardial infarction causes, within a very short time, both a functional and anatomical remodelling with a diffuse up-regulation of nerve growth factor (NGF). The subsequent nerve sprouting signal, facilitated by a rise in the levels of NGF in the left stellate ganglion and in the serum, triggers an increase in cardiac nerve density in both peri-infarct and non-infarcted areas. Finally, NFG production decreases over time, supposedly as an adaptative response to the prolonged exposure to sympathetic overactivity, leading in the end to a reduction in sympathetic nerve density. Accordingly, NGF levels were markedly reduced in patients with severe congestive heart failure. The kidney is the other key player of the sympathetic response to HF as it indeed reacts to under-perfusion and to loop diuretics to preserve filtration at the cost of many pathological consequences on its physiology. This vicious loop ultimately participates to the chronic and disruptive sympathetic overdrive. In conclusion, sympathetic activation is the natural physiological consequence to life stressors but also to any condition that may harm our body. It is the first system of reaction to any potential life-threatening event. However, in any aspect of life over reaction is never effective but, in many instances, is, actually, life threatening. One for all is the case of ischaemia-related ventricular fibrillation which is, strongly facilitated by sympathetic hyperactivity. The take home message? When, in a condition of harm, everybody is yelling failure is just around the corner
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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