1,721,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Investigation of piezo-magnetic coupling in RF phononic waveguides for magnetic field sensing applications
No full textLes hétérostructures piézo-électro-magnéto-élastiques en couches minces se dressent comme des candidats prometteurs dans le domaine de la détection de champ magnétique de faible intensité et spatialement résolu, à température ambiante. Cette thèse porte donc sur l’étude du couplage piézo-magnétique dans les guides d’ondes électro-acoustiques hyperfréquences basés sur des couches minces nanostructurées à anisotropie uniaxiale, déposées sur substrats piézoélectriques. Premièrement, les structures investiguées sont constituées d’un empilement multicouche TbCo2/FeCo déposé sur un substrat de Quartz ST-X90°. Celles-ci permettent d’exploiter le mode transverse horizontal présentant la plus grande sensibilité. La possibilité d’induire, par le champ magnétique, une conversion de mode acoustique, pouvant potentiellement être utilisé dans la conception de capteurs de champ magnétique ultra-sensibles, est également démontrée. Cette étude permet aussi de valider le modèle théorique piézo-magnétique développé, par la mesure des variations de vitesse de phase des ondes élastiques guidées en fonction de l’intensité et de la direction du champ magnétique. Ensuite, deux concepts de mesure sont proposés afin d’améliorer la résolution de la mesure des capteurs, dépendante essentiellement du temps de transit de l’onde élastique dans la couche magnéto-élastique : la réflectométrie temporelle acoustique et l’exploitation d’un mode de cavité localisé dans la couche magnéto-élastique. Enfin, l’optimisation du couple anisotropie uniaxiale/magnétostriction de l’empilement multicouche TbCo2/FeCo est abordée, celui-ci jouant un rôle majeur dans la sensibilité et la dynamique des capteurs étudiésThin-film piezo-electro-magneto-elastic heterostructures stand out as promising candidates in the field of spatially resolved, low-intensity magnetic field detection at room temperature. Thus, this thesis focuses on the study of piezomagnetic coupling in microwave electro-acoustic waveguides based on nanostructured thin films with uniaxial anisotropy, deposited on piezoelectric substrates. Firstly, the investigated structures consist in a TbCo2/FeCo multilayer stack deposited on a ST-X90° Quartz substrate, to exploit the horizontal transverse mode presenting the highest sensitivity. The possibility to induce, via the magnetic field, an acoustic mode conversion, potentially usable in the design of ultra-sensitive magnetic field sensors, is also demonstrated. In addition, this study validated the developed theoretical piezo-magnetic model, by measuring the phase velocity variations of the guided elastic waves as a function of the intensity and direction of the applied magnetic field. Then, two measurement concepts are proposed in order to improve the resolution of the sensor measurement, which depends essentially on the transit time of the elastic wave in the magneto-elastic layer: the acoustic time domain reflectometry and the exploitation of a cavity mode located in the magneto-elastic layer. Finally, the optimization of the uniaxial anisotropy/magnetostriction couple of the TbCo2/FeCo multilayer stack is addressed, as it plays a major role in the sensitivity and dynamics of the studied sensors
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Ultra-low power Nano-Magneto-Electro-Mechanical-System (NMEMS) for data processing and data storage
No full textAvec le développement des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication (NTIC), la consommation énergétique des systèmes de traitement et de stockage de données est devenue un problème majeur. Les limites des systèmes actuels à cet égard impliquent le besoin de technologies de rupture ultra-basse consommation.Cette thèse propose une approche originale de cette problématique, basée sur l'utilisation d'un élément magnétoélectrique composite (piézoélectrique/magnétostrictif) bistable et commandable de façon univoque, baptisé MELRAM.L'étude énergétique statique montre que la combinaison d'une anisotropie uni-axiale et d'un champ de polarisation magnétique statique définit deux positions d'équilibre stables perpendiculaires pour l'aimantation dans la partie magnétostrictive. L'application de contraintes piézoélectriques sur celle-ci permet de contrôler électriquement la position de l'aimantation. L'étude énergétique du système permet également de montrer la stabilité du système à long terme (10 ans), dans une large gamme de températures autour de l'ambiante, avec une barrière énergétique de 60kBT. L'étude dynamique, utilisant le modèle du macrospin, permet quant à elle d'exhiber un temps de réponse inférieur à 1ns. L'énergie dissipée lors de l'écriture, d'origine électrique et magnétique, est évaluée à 261kBT (1,1aJ), soit quatre ordres de grandeur en dessous de l'état de l'art.Plusieurs stratégies de lecture par vanne de spin et jonction tunnel magnétique sont proposées et commentées. Les premières réalisations d'éléments nanométriques magnétostrictifs sont présentées ainsi qu'une solution de polarisation magnétique intégrée par aimant permanentAs new information and communication technologies boom, the energy consumption of data processing and storage systems has become a major issue. The limits of state of the art systems regarding this gives rise to the need for ground-breaking ultra-low power technologies.This PhD thesis suggests an original approach of this issue, based on a bistable composite magnetoelectric element (piezoelectric/magnetostrictive) which can be controlled unequivocally, named MELRAM.The static energetic study shows that the combination of an uniaxial anisotropy and a static magnetic bias field defines two stable and perpendicular equilibrium positions for magnetization in the magnetostrictive part. The application of piezoelectric stress allows the electric control of the magnetization position.The energetic study also shows the long term (10 years) stability of the system, in a large temperature range around room temperature, with an energy barrier of 60kBT. The dynamic study, using the macrospin model, gives a response time less than 1ns. The dissipated energy during writing, of electric and magnetic origin, is estimated at 261kBT (1.1aJ), that is to say four orders of magnitude below the state of the art.Several reading strategies using spin valves and magnetic tunnel junction are proposed and commented. First realization of nanometer-sized magnetostrictive elements are presented as well as an integrated polarization solution, using permanent magnet
Nano-Système Magnéto-Électro-Mécanique (NMEMS) ultra-basse consommation pour le traitement et le stockage de l'information
No full textAs new information and communication technologies boom, the energy consumption of data processing and storage systems has become a major issue. The limits of state of the art systems regarding this gives rise to the need for ground-breaking ultra-low power technologies.This PhD thesis suggests an original approach of this issue, based on a bistable composite magnetoelectric element (piezoelectric/magnetostrictive) which can be controlled unequivocally, named MELRAM.The static energetic study shows that the combination of an uniaxial anisotropy and a static magnetic bias field defines two stable and perpendicular equilibrium positions for magnetization in the magnetostrictive part. The application of piezoelectric stress allows the electric control of the magnetization position.The energetic study also shows the long term (10 years) stability of the system, in a large temperature range around room temperature, with an energy barrier of 60kBT. The dynamic study, using the macrospin model, gives a response time less than 1ns. The dissipated energy during writing, of electric and magnetic origin, is estimated at 261kBT (1.1aJ), that is to say four orders of magnitude below the state of the art.Several reading strategies using spin valves and magnetic tunnel junction are proposed and commented. First realization of nanometer-sized magnetostrictive elements are presented as well as an integrated polarization solution, using permanent magnetsAvec le développement des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication (NTIC), la consommation énergétique des systèmes de traitement et de stockage de données est devenue un problème majeur. Les limites des systèmes actuels à cet égard impliquent le besoin de technologies de rupture ultra-basse consommation.Cette thèse propose une approche originale de cette problématique, basée sur l'utilisation d'un élément magnétoélectrique composite (piézoélectrique/magnétostrictif) bistable et commandable de façon univoque, baptisé MELRAM.L'étude énergétique statique montre que la combinaison d'une anisotropie uni-axiale et d'un champ de polarisation magnétique statique définit deux positions d'équilibre stables perpendiculaires pour l'aimantation dans la partie magnétostrictive. L'application de contraintes piézoélectriques sur celle-ci permet de contrôler électriquement la position de l'aimantation. L'étude énergétique du système permet également de montrer la stabilité du système à long terme (10 ans), dans une large gamme de températures autour de l'ambiante, avec une barrière énergétique de 60kBT. L'étude dynamique, utilisant le modèle du macrospin, permet quant à elle d'exhiber un temps de réponse inférieur à 1ns. L'énergie dissipée lors de l'écriture, d'origine électrique et magnétique, est évaluée à 261kBT (1,1aJ), soit quatre ordres de grandeur en dessous de l'état de l'art.Plusieurs stratégies de lecture par vanne de spin et jonction tunnel magnétique sont proposées et commentées. Les premières réalisations d'éléments nanométriques magnétostrictifs sont présentées ainsi qu'une solution de polarisation magnétique intégrée par aimant permanen
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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