1,720,953 research outputs found
Effect of Electrolyzed Reduced Water in an Animal Model of Parkinson-Like Disease
No full textEffect of Electrolyzed Reduced Water in an Animal Model of
Parkinson-Like Disease
Cinzia Nasuti1, Donatella Fedeli1, Laura Bordoni2, Maura Montani3,
Ivan Dus4, Rosita Gabbianelli1
1School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Italy; 2School of Advanced
Studies, University of Camerino, Italy; 3School of Biosciences and
Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Italy; 4Head of Research for
Chanson Water Company Taiwan
Objectives: Early life environmental factors, life style and diet have a
profound impact on the organism’s later development and subsequent onset of
age-related diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases. In previous studies, we
developed an animal model where the early life exposure (from postnatal day 6
to 21) to low dose of pesticide permethrin (PERM, 34 mg/kg) induced Parkinsonlike
neurodegeneration in rats characterized by decreased dopamine, Nurr1 and
glutathione levels in the basal ganglia, altered immune responses and gut
disbiosis. The animal model was exposed to a neurotoxin PERM that is an insecticide
widely used for indoor and outdoor applications (i.e. carpets, kitchen
worktops other treated wood furniture, lawn, mosquito control). The presence
of its metabolites in the urine of 98% of population makes this insecticide a
reliable environmental risk factor to health.
The present study aims to test the effect of electrolyzed reduced water
(ERW) on this animal model developing neurodegenerative disease after
exposure to PERM pesticide in neonatal age.
Methods: The effect of ERW is determined by cognitive tests, dopamine and
Nurr1 levels measured in basal ganglia and Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) immunostaining
in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNc) in 60-day-old rats.
Results: When working memory is assessed in a T-maze, PERM group has a
worst performance compared with healthy controls, whereas the performance
of PERM+ERW is similar to control group. The same trend is observed for the
average of perseverative errors.
With regard to dopamine levels measured by HPLC in basal ganglia,
decreased levels are observed in PERM group compared to control group,
whereas the co-treatment with PERM+ERW protects against the damage induced
by the pesticide even increasing the levels of dopamine. Similar results are
obtained with regard to Nurr1 levels measured by western blot in basal ganglia.
Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-TH antibody marking dopamine
neurons in SNc shows a reduced number of TH-positive neurons in PERM rats
compared to control rats, whereas a slight increase (not statistically significant)
was observed in the PERM+ERW group with respect to PERM group.
Conclusion: The use of ERW as functional water could be helpful as a therapeutic
tool in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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