101,510 research outputs found
Doorstep interactions and interviewer effects on the process leading to cooperation or refusal
No full textThis article presents an analysis of interviewer effects on the process leading to cooperation or refusal in face-to-face surveys. The focus is on the interaction between the householder and the interviewer on the doorstep, including initial reactions from the householder, and interviewer characteristics, behaviors, and skills. In contrast to most previous research on interviewer effects, which analyzed final response behavior, the focus here is on the analysis of the process that leads to cooperation or refusal. Multilevel multinomial discrete-time event history modeling is used to examine jointly the different outcomes at each call, taking account of the influence of interviewer characteristics, call histories, and sample member characteristics. The study benefits from a rich data set comprising call record data (paradata) from several face-to-face surveys linked to interviewer observations, detailed interviewer information, and census records. The models have implications for survey practice and may be used in responsive survey designs to inform effective interviewer calling strategies
Alternative approaches to multilevel modelling of survey non-contact and refusal
No full textWe review three alternative approaches to modelling survey non-contact and refusal: multinomial, sequential, and sample selection (bivariate probit) models. We then propose a multilevel extension of the sample selection model to allow for both interviewer effects and dependency between non-contact and refusal rates at the household and interviewer level. All methods are applied and compared in an analysis of household non-response in the United Kingdom, using a data set with unusually rich information on both respondents and non-respondents from six major surveys. After controlling for household characteristics, there is little evidence of residual correlation between the unobserved characteristics affecting non-contact and refusal propensities at either the household or the interviewer level. We also find that the estimated coefficients of the multinomial and sequential models are surprisingly similar, which further investigation via a simulation study suggests is due to non-contact and refusal having largely different predictor
The future of libraries and implications for the Caribbean
No full textThis discusses the developments in libraries and their implications for the Caribbean region. Librarians and libraries continue to have a key role in making information and knowledge publicly available, and in enabling access to and utilization of this knowledge. It presents some of the present and future issues related to accessibility and usability of information, particularly in relation to library and information systems and services
Analysing interviewer call record data to understand the process leading to cooperation or refusal
No full textAnalysing the process leading to cooperation or refusal using call record data: A multilevel multinomial modelling approach
No full textIn recent years, survey agencies have started to collect detailed call record data, including information on the timing and outcome of each interviewer call to a household. In interviewbased household surveys, effective interviewer calling behaviours are critical in achieving cooperation and reducing the likelihood of refusal. This paper aims to analyze interviewer call record data to inform the process leading to cooperation or refusal in face-to-face surveys. Of particular interest are the influences on the outcome of a call of interactions between the interviewer and householder and of time-varying characteristics of the call. A multilevel multinomial logistic regression approach is used in which the different possible outcomes at each call are modelled jointly
Juglans regia in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats
No full textJuglans regia L., commonly known as common, English or Persian walnut, is an economically very important tree species, prized both for its nuts and for its attractive high-quality timber. It is the most widespread nut tree worldwide
Interviewer effects on non-response propensity in longitudinal surveys: a multilevel modeling approach
No full textThe paper investigates two different multilevel approaches, the multilevel cross-classified and the multiple-membership models, for the analysis of interviewer effects on wave non-response in longitudinal surveys. The models proposed incorporate both interviewer and area effects to account for the non-hierarchical structure, the influence of potentially more than one interviewer across waves and possible confounding of area and interviewer effects arising from the non-random allocation of interviewers across areas. The methods are compared by using a data set: the UK Family and Children Survey
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Promising intervention strategies to reduce parents’ use of spanking and physical punishment
No full textThe strong and ever-growing evidence base demonstrating that physical punishment places children at risk for a range of negative outcomes, coupled with global recognition of chil-dren’s inherent rights to protection and dignity, has led to the emergence of programs specifically designed to prevent physical punishment by parents. This paper describes promising programs and strategies designed for each of three levels of intervention − indi-cated, selective, and universal − and summarizes the existing evidence base of each. Areas for further program development and evaluation are identified.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138802/1/2017 Gershoff, Lee & Durrant Child Abuse and Neglect.pdfDescription of 2017 Gershoff, Lee & Durrant Child Abuse and Neglect.pdf : main articl
Dimension-adaptive bounds on compressive FLD Classification
No full textEfficient dimensionality reduction by random projections (RP) gains popularity, hence the learning guarantees achievable in RP spaces are of great interest. In finite dimensional setting, it has been shown for the compressive Fisher Linear Discriminant (FLD) classifier that forgood generalisation the required target dimension grows only as the log of the number of classes and is not adversely affected by the number of projected data points. However these bounds depend on the dimensionality d of the original data space. In this paper we give further guarantees that remove d from the bounds under certain conditions of regularity on the data density structure. In particular, if the data density does not fill the ambient space then the error of compressive FLD is independent of the ambient dimension and depends only on a notion of ‘intrinsic dimension'
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