1,721,306 research outputs found
Electronics and Instrumentation for X‐Ray Fluorescence
No full textThe measurement of the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrum (spectroscopy) represents a very versatile tool to analyze the elemental composition of materials. XRF spectroscopy can be performed in two ways: energy dispersive or wavelength dispersive. The most relevant ones for XRF spectroscopy are natural radioactive decays, bremsstrahlung, and synchrotron radiation. This chapter focuses on semiconductor detectors which are the most consolidated solution for XRF instrumentation, thanks to the combination of compactness, robustness, and state-of-the-art spectroscopic performance. The planar geometry of a semiconductor detector can be adapted to the requirements of the specific application. The role of the readout electronics is to convert the packet of charge generated in the semiconductor, whose amount is proportional to the energy of the impinging X-ray photon, into an electrical signal that can be acquired and processed by an elaboration system. The processing of events can be performed in analog as well as in the digital domain
Nanopesticidas: modes de ação e impacto
No full textPONTES, Montcharles da Silva; FORINI, Mariana Monteiro de Lima; CAIRES, Anderson Rodrigues Lima; SANTIAGO, Etenaldo Felipe; TRIPATHI, Durgesh Kumar; KAH, Melanie; GRILLO, Renato. Nanopesticides: modes of action and impacts. In: ZHANG, Peng; LYNCH, Iseult ; WHITE, Jason C.; HANDY, Richard D. Nano-Enabled Sustainable and Precision Agriculture. London: Elsevier, 2023. Cap. 4, p. 79-103.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)FAPESP: 2022/03219-2 e 2020/12769–0CNPq: 427498/2018–0Sisfóton-MCTI: 440214/2021–
Ricebean Genome
No full textThe ricebean genome provides insight into Vigna genome evolution and facilitates genetic enhancement.
Aleena Francis, Nagendra Pratap Singh, Mohar Singh, Paras Sharma, Gayacharan, Durgesh Kumar, Udita Basu, Deepak Bajaj, Nidhi Varshney, Dinesh Chandra Joshi, Dinesh Prasad Semwal, Vandana Tyagi, Dhammaprakash Wankhede, Rakesh Bharadwaj, Amit Kumar Singh, Swarup Kumar Parida*, Debasis Chattopadhyay*</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Silicon crosstalk with reactive oxygen species, phytohormones and other signaling molecules
No full textExogenous applications of silicon (Si) can initiate cellular defence pathways to enhance plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Plant Si accumulation is regulated by several transporters of silicic acid (e.g. Lsi1, Lsi2, and Lsi6), but the precise mechanisms involved in overall Si transport and its beneficial effects remains unclear. In stressed plants, the accumulation of Si leads to a defence mechanism involving the formation of amorphous or hydrated silicic acid caused by their polymerization and interaction with other organic substances. Silicon also regulates plant ionic homeostasis, which involves the nutrient acquisition, availability, and replenishment in the soil through biogeochemical cycles. Furthermore, Si is implicated in modulating ethylene-dependent and jasmonate pathways, as well as other phytohormones, particularly under stress conditions. Crosstalk between Si and phytohormones could lead to improvements in Si-mediated crop growth, especially when plants are exposed to stress. The integration of Si with reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism appears to be a part of the signaling cascade that regulates plant phytohormone homeostasis, as well as morphological, biochemical, and molecular responses. This review aims to provide an update on Si interplays with ROS, phytohormones, and other signaling molecules that regulate plant development under stress conditions.Dr. Durgesh Kumar Tripathi is thankful to the Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida for providing necessary research facilities. Dr. Durgesh Kumar Tripathi and Prof. Shivesh Sharma are also thankful to CSIR New Delhi for providing research grants (PID-38(1460)/18/EMR-II). Research in Francisco J. Corpas laboratory is supported by a European Regional Development Fund cofinanced grant from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PID2019–103924GB-I00), the Plan Andaluz de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PAIDI 2020) (P18-FR-1359) and Junta de Andalucía (group BIO192), Spain. This work was also supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency, the contract No. APVV-17–0164, Slovak Grant Agency VEGA 2/0018/17 and by the Serbian Ministry for Education, Science and Technological Development, the contract No. 451–03-68/2020–14/200053
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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