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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
An investigation into the physiological and nutritional requirements of the protoplast stage of the fungus Entomophthora egressa MacLeod and Tyrrell (Phycomycete: Entomophthorales)
No full textThe physiological and nutritional requirements of the entomogenous phycomycete Entomophthora egressa MacLeod and Tyrrell were determined using the wall-free protoplast stage. -- Based on the uptake of ninhydrin-positive compounds the amino acids in the standard medium, Grace's modified insect tissue culture medium, were simplified to contain the amino acids methionine, asparagine and glutamine. -- The buffer 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid afforded excellent buffering capacity. The protoplasts utilized glucose, were vitamin autotrophic in two different media and required protein for membrane integrity. -- The regeneration patterns were studied throughout the experiments using various liquid and solid media. It was possible to induce mycelial and hyphal body development in the two simplified liquid media. -- Biochemical analysis of the fungal host, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Guenee) in terms of haemolymph amino acids resulted in the development of a medium superior to the standard medium. Fatty acid analysis and total lipid production for various stages of the fungal host and protoplasts were determined.Bibliography: leaves 132-145
Parasite-host interaction of the protoplast isolates of Entomophthora egressa with the eastern hemlock looper and the eastern spruce budworm
No full textHemocytes of the insects Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria
and Choristoneura fumiferana did not adhere to the
protoplasts of ~he fungus EntomoEhthora egressa. Hemocyte
reaction for both insect species to test-particles was not
suppressed by the protoplasts. The spherule cells of _-L.
fiscellaria fiscellaria adhered to the spherical hyphal
bodies and hyphae of ~· ~gressa. The granular cells of -c.
fumiferana adhered to the hyphae of ~· egress~. Protoplasts
exposed to papain were attacked by the granular ·cells of
-c. fumiferana.
Spent growth medium of both protoplast isolates produced
paralysis when injected into -c. fumiferana larvae.
Evidence suggests that heat-stable proteins may be involved.
Protoplast isolates showed differences in the growth
rates and regeneration sequences using coagulated egg yolk
medium, a highly modified version of Grace's insect tissue .
culture medium (MGM) and modifications of MGM and in the
presence of C0₂. The isolates also differed in the changes
that they induced in MGM composition during protoplast
growth and in the rates of glucose utilization and protein
secretion. The serum of c. fumiferana larvae contained protein(s)
which we believe adhere to the cell membranes of the protoplasts
of E. egressa. Evidence is presented for hemocyteplasn~
interaction in the presence of protoplasts. Components
in the larval serum were found to influence protoplast
growth patterns. The possibility of antiprotoplast serum
activity is presented. Melanin, toxic levels of ninhydrinpositive
compounds and antiprotoplast proteins may have
been involved in this activity.
The granular cells of -L. fiscellaria fiscellaria and
Q• fumiferana adhered to the hyphae of ,Rhizopus ~i$rican~.
Spores of Absidia repens and the bacteria Escherichia coli
and Bacillus cereus adhered to the granular cells of both
species of· insects. The granular cells and plasmatocytes
of -c. fumiferana were capable of phagocytosing -B. cereus.
Adhesion of .A... . repens spores to c. fumiferana granular cells ~ . -
was stimulated by N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine, moderately
reduced by D-fucose, D-arabinose, D-mannose, D-galatose
and sucrose and mildly reduced by D-glucose, D-fructose and
trehalose. There was no evidence of humoral opsonins in
larval hemolymph favoring test-particle-hemocyte interaction.
Granular cells of c. fumiferana exposed to papain had reduced
affinities for A. repens spores.Includes bibliographical references (pages 346-368)
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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