247 research outputs found
Identification of Public Service Logic (PSL) and Public Service Motivation (PSM) elements in Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives
No full textWhile previous research on Open Government Data (OGD) has primarily focused on reuse and adoption, this study aims to explore the implications of the Public Service Logic (PSL) and Public Service Motivation (PSM) dimensions in the context of OGD initiatives. This study is contextualized in Tanzania wherein the OGD initiatives are at an evolving stage. For the present study, the perspectives of the 15 public officials involved in the management of the OGD initiatives are being solicited. Findings underscore the need for furthering the marketing and refurbishing the OGD initiatives' quality alongside the increased involvement of the stakeholders to engage in value co-creation. Furthermore, as a study contextualized in a developing country to understand the involvement of the public personnel in the refurbishment of the OGD initiatives, the study contributes to the extant OGD literature while identifying the OGD publisher-side challenges and strengths in a still-evolving OGD initiative. Finally, with its societal implications in terms of the impact on societal stakeholders' engagement with OGD given the PSL-PSM of the public officials, the study's relevance is also clinched.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Information and Communication Technolog
Prepared on behalf of the PSM Safety & Security TWG Comments to:
No full textPSM Security Measurement White Paper 1 v3.0 13-Jan-06 This paper is subject to the following copyright restrictions: • The PSM Support Center is the sole manager of all PSM products and services and is the only one authorized to modify them. • General Use: Permission to reproduce, use this document or parts thereof, and to prepare derivative works from this document is granted, with attribution to PSM and the original author(s), provided this copyright notice is included with all reproductions. • Supplemental Materials: Additional materials may be added for tailoring or supplemental purposes, if the material developed separately is clearly indicated. A courtesy copy of additional materials shall be forwarded the PSM Support Center
Winnowing out high-PSM candidates : the adverse selection effect of competitive public service exams
No full textExisting literature based in Western society generally supports that people who have high public service motivation (PSM) prefer a public service career, and public organizations are likely to recruit high-PSM individuals. This proposition may not hold in cultures where the public service exam is notoriously competitive. The present study, based in Taiwan, provides evidence showing that a competitive, standardized public service exam, along with its unique social symbolism, can deter high-PSM people from entering the public sector. We then discuss the theoretical and practical implications in the conclusion.Ministry of Education (MOE)Accepted versionThe author(s) received the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology Research Grant: NSC-102-2410-H-004-124-MY2; TGBS III; Singapore Ministry of Education Tier-1 Grant: RG61/16
Prevalence and expression of PSM A gene in biofilm-producing staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates
No full textBackground: Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of hospital and community-associated infections on a global scale. This pathogen is responsible for causing an extensive range of diseases and sometimes create biofilms for their survival. Biofilm formation, leads to difficulty in treatment with antibiotics and antibiotic resistance which is another rising concern in health centers. Some S. aureus virulence factors encode on the core genome, such as alpha-toxin and phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), which are produced by nearly all strains. Objectives: There is no information about the expression of PSM A gene in clinical isolates of biofilm-producing S. aureus in Iran. This study was performed on clinical samples to determine the prevalence and expression of PSM A gene in biofilm-producing S. aureus clinical isolates. Methods: The clinical sampleswerecollectedandexaminedfor S. aureusby microbiologicalandbiochemical tests. Then, thebiofilm formation in S. aureus isolates was detected by microtiter plate. Finally, the expression of PSM A was determined using SYBR Green real-time PCR. Results: From a total of 60 isolates of S. aureus, 47 strains (78.3) had ability of biofilm formation and the others were negative for biofilm formation. Real-time PCR testing showed that 100 of the strains were positive for biofilms and PSM A genes. The results of phenotypic and genotypic tests of biofilm were closely related to each other and the expression of PSM A gene was 80. It was found that 100 of strains were biofilm producing and PSM A gene was present in 78.3 (47 strains) of them. Conclusions: The prevalence of biofilm production in S. aureus strains isolated from clinical samples was high, so it is highly important to monitor the prevalence of these organisms in hospitals and community as well as their antimicrobial resistance. © 2019, Author(s)
PSM for Near Earth Objects (NEOs) based on a three parameter scheme based classification framework
No full textThesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-198).There is a significant amount of space debris from previous space endeavors left over by the Russians and the US, leave alone the possibility of collisions with Near Earth Objects (NEOs) like asteroids and comets. Currently, there is no early detection and emergency response system in place. This study will apply the CLIOS (Complex Large Interconnected Open Socio-technical) Process to design and construct novel and unique strategic alternatives for possible detection, defense and tracking systems which are not currently in use. A software application will demonstrate the dynamics of this new classification scheme for Near Earth Objects (NEOs) that would correspond to a set of Prevention Sequence Mechanisms (PSM) which represent a specific sequence of deterrence mechanisms. Potentially dangerous NEOs were classified into various groups that were derived from three different classes based on NEO size, Time-to-Impact (TTI) and chemical composition. For each NEO group, corresponding PSMs were designed. Each PSM illustrates the best possible sequence in which a set of prevention mechanisms (applicable to a specific NEO group of our classification scheme) are to be implemented. A software-package called PDTS 1.0 was designed for tracking and cataloging potentially hazardous NEOs based on the PSM framework and the three-parameter based classification scheme. Through mutual collaboration and segmentation of PSM modules the mitigation effort was optimized. Therefore, in future, if an NEO on collision course with the Earth is detected then the group name of that NEO is found from our classification scheme and the corresponding PSM for that group is implemented to deflect or destroy the NEO.by Rohan Sahani.S.M
The reproductive performance of anoestrous dairy cows following treatment with progesterone and oestradiol prior to the start of mating
No full textAIMS: To determine the reproductive performance of cows diagnosed as anoestrus prior to the planned start of mating (PSM) when they were either treated when first diagnosed, or left untreated until 16 days after the PSM. METHODS: A clinical trial was conducted during the 1996/97 and 1997/98 breeding seasons involving 823 anoestrous dairy cows in 14 herds. On Day -8 (PSM = Day 0), cows in one group (Treated) were each treated with an intravaginal device containing 1.9 g of progesterone (CIDR). The CIDR device was removed on Day -2, and on Day -1 each cow was injected intramuscularly with 1 mg oestradiol benzoate. Cows in the second group (Control) remained untreated at the time of first examination. All cows detected in oestrus after the PSM were mated by artificial insemination (AI) or a bull. Sixteen days after the PSM, all cows that had not been mated were presented for veterinary examination, and those which were still classified as anoestrus were treated with the previously described CIDR regimen. Pregnancy status and approximate date of conception were determined by palpation per rectum 10 -13 weeks after the PSM or 6 weeks after the end of the mating period. RESULTS: Treatment of anoestrous cows 8 days before the PSM significantly increased the number of cows detected in oestrus (95.0% vs 63.1%; p<0.001) and conceiving (59.5% vs 38.8%; p<0.001) during the first 21 days of mating, and reduced the interval from PSM to conception by 7.5 days (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the conception rate of cows mated following the CIDR treatment regimen compared to cows mated at their first spontaneous oestrus after calving (52.4% vs 58.3%; p = 0.143). CONCLUSION: Diagnosis and treatment of anoestrous dairy cows prior to the start of mating significantly improves their reproductive performance under the seasonal mating conditions typical of spring-calving New Zealand dairy herds.PUBM: Print; JID: 0021406; ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
Why do major chemical accidents still happen in China: Analysis from a process safety management perspective
No full textAs an important consideration in the chemical industry, chemical process safety has received notable attention in China. However, catastrophic chemical accidents still occur. To better understand why accidents continue to occur, this paper presented a diagnostic analysis of 14 major chemical accidents in China from 2012 to 2022 based on VOSviewer software. The authors analysed the correlation between the accident causation and their relationship with the safety management elements. The study observed that inferior process safety culture, intentional violation (rule-breaking) of procedure, inadequate safety training, and illegal operations were the most frequent causes of accidents. These causes highlighted the prominent gaps in PSM in China in the process safety culture, compliance with standards, the conduct of operations, process safety competency, and training & performance assurance. The results based on co-occurrence analysis indicated a strong correlation between these gaps in PSM. Enterprises should pay attention to collaborative management among them. These deficiencies in the enterprise's PSM system showed that the essential defects in China's chemical industry are a poor safety culture, inadequate accident investigation, inadequate training, and a lack of chemical safety personnel. The study recommended that the chemical industry establish superior process safety culture and competency for all personnel, monitor leading and lagging process safety indicators, apply inherent safety, and practice advanced safety management concepts. We hope that the findings can provide China's perspectives and strengths for global chemical safety.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Safety and Security Scienc
Evaluation of ozone-based oxidation and solar advanced oxidation treatment of greywater
No full textReclaiming non-conventional water sources such as greywater is gaining more attention in the light of current and expected water shortage due to the global trend of continued population growth, urbanization, and the impact of climate change. In this work, the degradation of organic matter measured as total organic carbon (TOC) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) in real greywater samples using different ozone-based oxidation and solar advanced oxidation treatments was investigated in a custom-built glass tube reactor combined with a concentrated parabolic collector (CPC). The evaluated processes included ozonation (O3), solar ozonation (O3/solar irradiation), hydrogen peroxide oxidation (H2O2), hydrogen peroxide under solar irradiation (H2O2/solar irradiation), peroxonation (H2O2/O3), and solar peroxonation (H2O2/O3/solar irradiation). Combining different treatment methods with/without exposure to solar irradiation enhanced overall treatment efficiency. The efficiency of the examined processes followed the order: solar peroxonation > solar ozonation > peroxonation > ozonation, while the other processes showed a negligible effect. The highest TOC reduction (58.6%) was observed using solar peroxonation at 41.7 mg O3/min and 0.2 H2O2/O3 molar ratio; the highest BOD5 reduction (29.4%) was observed using solar peroxonation at 41.7 mg O3/min and 0.4 H2O2/O3 molar ratio. We conclude that low-cost advanced oxidation technologies can be effective to remove organic materials providing efficient greywater remediation for reuse applications
Common symbols in Eurasia-Pacific unconscious cultural heritage: a case study of the Taiwanese 18 deities\u27 cult
No full textThe case study of the "Temple of 18 Deities" demonstrates a row of stable Eurasian-Pacific religious symbols which were preserved in the Taiwanese religious cult. In the article, the author claims that the traces of those long-lived elements could be found in many other religions and cultures all over Eurasia-Pacific area, from Ireland to China, Taiwan and Oceania. In the paper, the "Temple of 18 Deities" origin mythology is analysed, the author\u27s fieldwork described, a set of stable symbols in the cult of 18 deities\u27 revealed, and researches devoted to Taiwanese and Chinese popular religion genesis overviewed. In the end, the traces of those symbols in mythologies of other cultures in Eurasia-Pacific cultural area are illustrated, main symbols common meanings analysed, and their origins and stages of transformation reconstructed. In the article on example of the 18 deities\u27 cult in northern Taiwan, the author observes how ideas, beliefs, and values were created and transmitted in religious cultures during the periods of cultural changes. The author suggests that invisible Eurasian-Pacific common cultural heritage is hidden under umbrellas of different variants of popular religions and superstitions in different cultural traditions all over Eurasia-Pacific, and the case of the Taiwanese 18 deities\u27 cult is an example of such heritage inside Chinese popular religion and folk Buddhism. The author also supposes that the important part of the Taiwanese 18 deities\u27 cult traces back to the period of the Austronesian speaking peoples\u27 dispersal in the Asia-Pacific area, where the ideas and artifacts were widely exchanged along the first trade routes, while the sea nomadic peoples were main actors of the exchange process
The Public Service Approach to Recommender Systems : Filtering to Cultivate
No full textOnline media consumption has been radically transformed by how media companies algorithmically recommend content to their users. Public service media (PSM) have also realized the potential of recommender systems and are increasingly using these technologies to personalize their online offering. PSM are on the other hand required to disseminate diverse content, which can be incompatible with the logics of commercial recommender systems that primarily seek to drive up media consumption. Drawing on previous research on selective exposure and media diversity, this study presents the results from interviews with ten PSM informants across Europe, revealing that data scientists within these organizations are highly aware of the effects recommendations have on media consumption, and design the PSM online services accordingly. This study contributes with in-depth knowledge of how diversity has been interpreted at operational levels in PSM and how recommender systems are being adapted to a non-commercial setting.Peer reviewe
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