798 research outputs found
Clinical and psychological course of diabetes from adolescence to young adulthood: a longitudinal cohort study
No full textOBJECTIVE—To determine the clinical and psychological course of diabetes through adolescence and the relationship with glycemic control in young adulthood. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A longitudinal cohort study of adolescents recruited from the register of the outpatient pediatric diabetes clinic. A total of 76 individuals (43 male patients, 33 female patients) aged 11–18 years completed baseline assessments, and 65 individuals (86%) were reinterviewed as young adults (20–28 years of age). Longitudinal assessments were made of glycemic control (HbA1c), weight gain (BMI), and development of complications. Adolescents completed self-report questionnaires to assess emotional and behavioral problems as well as self-esteem. As young adults, psychological state was assessed by the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule and the self-report Brief Symptom Inventory. RESULTS—Mean HbA1c levels peaked in late adolescence and were worse in female participants (average 11.1% at 18–19 years of age). The proportion of individuals who were overweight (BMI >25.0 kg/m2) increased during the 8-year period from 21 to 54% in female patients and from 2 to 28% in male patients. Serious diabetes-related events included death in one patient and cognitive impairment in two patients. Individuals in whom diabetic complications developed (25% of male patients and 38% of female patients) had significantly higher mean HbA1c levels than those without complications (difference 1.9%, 95% CI 1.1–2.7, P < 0.0001). Behavioral problems at baseline were related to higher mean HbA1c during the subsequent 8 years (ß = 0.15, SEM (ß) 0.04, P < 0.001, 95% CI 0.07–0.24). CONCLUSIONS—The outcome for this cohort was generally poor. Behavioral problems in adolescence seem to be important in influencing later glycemic control. <br/
A1C variability as an independent risk factor for microalbuminuria in young people with type 1 diabetes.
No full textDr D.B. Smuts : Onderstepoort staff
No full textScanned image of a photographic glass-plate negativeDr D.B. Smuts, Onderstepoort staff memberin the Section of Nutrition in the late 1930's. He was co-author of the article "The Nutritive Value of Animal Proteins.-
The Biological Values of Fishmeal, Whale and Fishmeal, Meatmeal, Meat and Bonemeal, Crayfishmeal, and White Fishmeal" published in the Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Industry, Volume 16, Numbers 1 and 2, January and April, 1941.Digitised by the Department of Library Services, University of Pretoria, 2019ab201
Letter, 1858 May 8, D.B. Sanchez (?) to Henry Honaker
No full textLetter regarding the sale of a bull. Last name of author unclear, possibly Sanchez or San..z
The Documentary Art of Filmmaker Michael Rubbo
No full textMichael Rubbo’s groundbreaking work has had a deep and enduring impact on documentary filmmaking worldwide, though his name has remained relatively unknown. In The Documentary Art of Michael Rubbo, author D.B. Jones traces Rubbo’s filmmaking from his days as a film student at Stanford, through his twenty years at the National Film Board of Canada, where Rubbo developed his distinct documentary style. Jones then describes Rubbo’s post-NFB venture into feature film directing, followed by Rubbo’s return to his native Australia, first as an executive with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, and later as a director of feature-length documentaries and maker of short, personal films for YouTube. Exploring locales from Montreal to Vietnam, topics as diverse as plastic surgery and French Marxism, and from interviewing Margaret Atwood to documenting a failed attempt to interview Fidel Castro, Rubbo’s wide-ranging work establishes his innovative, personal, lyric, and spontaneous documentary style. In The Documentary Art of Michael Rubbo D.B. Jones reveals not only the depth of meaning in Rubbo’s films, but also the depth of their influence on filmmaking itself
The Documentary Art of Filmmaker Michael Rubbo
No full textMichael Rubbo’s groundbreaking work has had a deep and enduring impact on documentary filmmaking worldwide, though his name has remained relatively unknown. In The Documentary Art of Michael Rubbo, author D.B. Jones traces Rubbo’s filmmaking from his days as a film student at Stanford, through his twenty years at the National Film Board of Canada, where Rubbo developed his distinct documentary style. Jones then describes Rubbo’s post-NFB venture into feature film directing, followed by Rubbo’s return to his native Australia, first as an executive with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, and later as a director of feature-length documentaries and maker of short, personal films for YouTube. Exploring locales from Montreal to Vietnam, topics as diverse as plastic surgery and French Marxism, and from interviewing Margaret Atwood to documenting a failed attempt to interview Fidel Castro, Rubbo’s wide-ranging work establishes his innovative, personal, lyric, and spontaneous documentary style. In The Documentary Art of Michael Rubbo D.B. Jones reveals not only the depth of meaning in Rubbo’s films, but also the depth of their influence on filmmaking itself
Associations between genetic obesity susceptibility and early postnatal fat and lean mass: an individual participant meta-analysis
No full textImportancePatterns of body size and body composition associated with genetic obesity susceptibility inform the mechanisms that increase obesity risk.ObjectiveTo test associations between genetic obesity susceptibility, represented by a combined obesity risk-allele score, and body size or body composition at birth to age 5 years.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA total of 3031 children from 4 birth cohort studies in England, France, and Spain were included in a meta-analysis.ExposuresA combined obesity risk-allele score was calculated from genotypes at 16 variants identified by genome-wide association studies of adult body mass index (BMI).Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes were age- and sex-adjusted SD scores (SDS) for weight, length/height, BMI, fat mass, lean mass, and percentage of body fat at birth as well as at ages 1, 2 to 3, and 4 to 5 years.ResultsThe obesity risk-allele score was not associated with infant size at birth; at age 1 year it was positively associated with weight (? [SE], 0.020 [0.008] SDS per allele; P?=?.009) and length (? [SE], 0.020 [0.008] SDS per allele; P?=?.01), but not with BMI (? [SE], 0.013 [0.008] SDS per allele; P?=?.11). At age 2 to 3 years these associations were stronger (weight: ? [SE], 0.033 [0.008] SDS per allele; P?<?.001; height: ? [SE], 0.025 [0.008] SDS per allele; P?<?.001) and were also seen for BMI (? [SE], 0.024 [0.008] SDS per allele; P?=?.003). The obesity risk-allele score was positively associated with both postnatal fat mass (1 year: ? [SE], 0.032?[0.017] SDS per allele; P?=?.05; 2-3 years: ? [SE], 0.049?[0.018] SDS per allele; P?=?.006; and 4-5 years: ? [SE], 0.028?[0.011] SDS per allele; P?=?.009) and postnatal lean mass (1 year: ? [SE], 0.038 [0.014] SDS per allele; P?=?.008; 2-3 years: ? [SE], 0.064 [0.017] SDS per allele; P?<?.001; and 4-5 years: ? [SE], 0.047 [0.011] SDS per allele; P?<?.001), but not with the percentage of body fat (P?>?.15 at all ages).Conclusions and RelevanceGenetic obesity susceptibility appears to promote a normally partitioned increase in early postnatal, but not prenatal, growth. These findings suggest that symmetrical rapid growth may identify infants with high life-long susceptibility for obesity
The Documentary Art of Filmmaker Michael Rubbo
No full textMichael Rubbo’s groundbreaking work has had a deep and enduring impact on documentary filmmaking worldwide, though his name has remained relatively unknown. In The Documentary Art of Michael Rubbo, author D.B. Jones traces Rubbo’s filmmaking from his days as a film student at Stanford, through his twenty years at the National Film Board of Canada, where Rubbo developed his distinct documentary style. Jones then describes Rubbo’s post-NFB venture into feature film directing, followed by Rubbo’s return to his native Australia, first as an executive with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, and later as a director of feature-length documentaries and maker of short, personal films for YouTube.
Exploring locales from Montreal to Vietnam, topics as diverse as plastic surgery and French Marxism, and from interviewing Margaret Atwood to documenting a failed attempt to interview Fidel Castro, Rubbo’s wide-ranging work establishes his innovative, personal, lyric, and spontaneous documentary style. In The Documentary Art of Michael Rubbo D.B. Jones reveals not only the depth of meaning in Rubbo’s films, but also the depth of their influence on filmmaking itself.Ye
The effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on fetal growth and neonatal birth measures in an African cohort
No full textAim: Fetal exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is said to alter fetal growth and increase the risk of macrosomia. However, little research on GDM exists in African populations. This study aimed to assess longitudinal fetal growth and neonatal birth measures among Black African babies exposed to GDM.
Methods: Pregnant women (Soweto, South Africa) enrolled into a cohort study were followed up with repeated fetal ultrasounds. At 24-28 weeks' gestation a 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed and GDM was diagnosed using the World Health Organization's 2013 criteria. Neonatal birth measures were assessed.
Results: The study involved 741 women; 83 (11.2%) with GDM and 658 (88.8%) without. A total of 4040 fetal ultrasounds were performed. GDM exposure was associated with an increase in fetal growth measures, especially abdominal circumference, which was already seen at 16-18 weeks' gestation. Male fetuses in particular, showed a significant association between GDM exposure and increased abdominal circumference (P = 0.009). Most women with GDM (66.3%) received management; all received diet therapy and 32.7% were prescribed medication. There was no difference in birth measures between the GDM-exposed and unexposed neonates.
Conclusion: Repeated ultrasound measures identified the effects of GDM as early as 16-18 weeks' gestation, well before a diagnosis of GDM would usually be made. Sex differences in fetal growth were observed, with GDM-exposed male fetuses being more affected with larger abdominal circumferences than females. A low rate of macrosomia was observed compared with historical GDM populations
Implications of adopting the WHO 2006 child growth standards: a case study from urban South Africa, the Birth to Twenty cohort
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