1,720,987 research outputs found
Un système d'information géographique pour le suivi d'objets historiques urbains à travers l'espace et le temps
No full textGeographic information systems (GIS) are increasingly used for leading historical studies because of their ability to display, store and share geo-historical data. They provide an opportunity for exploring and analyzing spatialized phenomena and the interactions between such phenomena and spatial dynamics. To achieve this goal, GIS have to manage spatio-temporal data describing the transformations of geographical entities. These data are also highly imperfect since knowledge about the past is only available through imprecise or uncertain historical sources such as maps. To date, no GIS is able to integrate, manage and analyze such imperfect data. In this thesis, we focus on the integration of spatio-temporal data about urban space extracted from historical topographic maps on the city of Paris. We propose a process that allows to create spatio-temporal graphs from geohistorical vector data extracted from georeferenced maps of the city. After the analysis of the maps and the measure of their spatial and temporal imperfections, we propose a spatio-temporal model named geohistorical graph and a semi-automatic spatio-temporal data matching process able to build such graphs from vector data extracted from old topographic maps. Our method is tested and validated on the street networks of Paris extracted from maps covering the period from the late XVIIIth century to the late XIXth centuryLes systèmes d'information géographiques (SIG) sont aujourd'hui fréquemment utilisés en sciences sociales et notamment en histoire pour leurs capacités de visualisation, de partage et de stockage de données historiques spatialisées. Ils ouvrent ainsi aux chercheurs en histoire des perspectives de croisement d'informations et d'analyse à grande échelle, non seulement de l'évolution de phénomènes spatialisés, mais aussi des interactions entre ces phénomènes et les transformations de l'espace. La représentation d'un espace en transformation au sein d'un SIG implique notamment la création et la manipulation de données spatio-temporelles.Créées à partir des sources d'informations sur l'espace ancien disponibles, celles-ci sont généralement hétérogènes et imparfaites. Les SIG existants ne permettent pas de modéliser et d'intégrer aisément des données hétérogènes et imparfaites au sein de bases de données spatio-temporelles.Cette intégration est l'objectif de ce travail de thèse. Nous proposons une approche d'intégration de données géographiques hétérogènes et imparfaites sur l'espace urbain ancien au sein d'un modèle de données spatio-temporelles permettant l'analyse des transformations de cet espace. Ces données sont saisies à partir de plans topographiques. Au travers de plusieurs étapes, allant de l'analyse des sources cartographiques utilisées à un processus semi-automatique d'intégration de données spatio-temporelles, nous proposons une approche générique permettant d'instancier une base de données spatio-temporelles à partir de cartes historiques. Celle-ci est finalement appliquée à la création d'une base de données sur le réseau des rues de Paris des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles à partir de plans topographiques de la capitale
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Un système d'information géographique pour le suivi d'objets historiques urbains à travers l'espace et le temps
No full textComposition du jury : Christophe Claramunt, École Navale, rapporteur ; Maurizio Gribaudi, ÉHESS, codirecteur ; Lorenz Hurni, ETH Zürich ; Jean-Pierre Nadal, CNRS, ÉHESS ; Julien Perret, IGN, encadrant ; Anne Ruas, IFSTTAR, codirectrice ; Sophie de Ruffray, Université de Rouen, rapporteur ; Cyril de Runz, Université de Reims. Thèse ÉHESS soutenue sous la co-drection de Maurizio Gribaudi et Anne Ruas le 4 décembre 2015, mention très honorable avec les félicitations du jury à l'unanimité Résumé ..
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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