114 research outputs found
Publisher Correction: Emergence of Fermi arcs due to magnetic splitting in an antiferromagnet
No full textThis Publisher Correction is published as Schrunk, Benjamin, Yevhen Kushnirenko, Brinda Kuthanazhi, Junyeong Ahn, Lin-Lin Wang, Evan O’Leary, Kyungchan Lee et al. "Publisher Correction: Emergence of Fermi arcs due to magnetic splitting in an antiferromagnet." Nature 605, no. 7909 (2022): E5-E5.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04705-1.
Copyright 2022 The Author(s).
Posted with permission
LANGUAGE AS A PERFORMANCE PARAMETER: THE MARCEL BITSCH \u3ci\u3eVINGT ETUDES\u3c/i\u3e
No full textThe Bitsch Vingt Études are a significant part of the trumpet performers repertoire. They are taught in many university trumpet studios across the United States. David Baldwin, professor of trumpet at the University of Minnesota, has recorded all of them for the International Trumpet Guild. The editor, Raymond Sabarich, is considered the founder of the modern French school of trumpet playing.
Articulation is a significant component in performing on a brass instrument. By varying the attacks of the tongue, different timbres can be successfully achieved on the trumpet. Because of the volume the trumpet can generate, any defective articulation will be more noticeable. Articulation is for the brass player what consonants are for the singer—successful execution is imperative or a lack of clarity results.
One major problem in teaching the Bitsch etudes is the lack of attention paid to French pronunciation. The musical ideas in these etudes (melodies, articulation, phrasing, etc.) were conceived by a Frenchman. While fluency in French is not a prerequisite for successful performance of these works, understanding the basics of French pronunciation and how they influence French articulation is essential.
In order to properly perform the Marcel Bitsch Vingt Études, the trumpeter needs to modify his or her tonguing in accordance with the rules of French pronunciation. The different components of articulation will be discussed, after which the impact of language in recorded performance will be examined. Finally, selected compositions from the Marcel Bitsch Vingt Études will be analyzed, with recommendations for articulation being given for each work
Deadness: technologies of the intermundane
No full textPosthumous duets—performances involving a dead singer and a living one—have become ubiquitous in popular music. As the case of Natalie and Nat “King” Cole’s “Unforgettable” makes clear, all sound recording harnesses the productive capacities of both living and dead, patterned through specific forms of co-laboring, or “deadness.
Hot playgrounds and children's health: a multiscale analysis of surface temperatures in Arizona, USA
No full textabstract: Objectives: To provide novel quantification and advanced measurements of surface temperatures (Ts) in playgrounds, employing multiple scales of data, and provide insight into hot-hazard mitigation techniques and designs for improved environmental and public health. Methods: We conduct an analysis of Ts in two Metro-Phoenix playgrounds at three scales: neighborhood (1 km resolution), microscale (6.8 m resolution), and touch-scale (1 cm resolution). Data were derived from two sources: airborne remote sensing (neighborhood and microscale) and in situ (playground site) infrared Ts (touch-scale). Metrics of surface-to-air temperature deltas (Ts–a) and scale offsets (errors) are introduced. Results: Select in situ Ts in direct sunlight are shown to approach or surpass values likely to result in burns to children at touch-scales much finer than Ts resolved by airborne remote sensing. Scale offsets based on neighbourhood and microscale ground observations are 3.8 ◦C and 7.3 ◦C less than the Ts–a at the 1 cm touch-scale, respectively, and 6.6 ◦C and 10.1 ◦C lower than touch-scale playground equipment Ts, respectively. Hence, the coarser scales underestimate high Ts within playgrounds. Both natural (tree) and artificial (shade sail) shade types are associated with significant reductions in Ts. Conclusions: A scale mismatch exists based on differing methods of urban Ts measurement. The sub-meter touch-scale is the spatial scale at which data must be collected and policies of urban landscape design and health must be executed in order to mitigate high Ts in high-contact environments such as playgrounds. Shade implementation is the most promising mitigation technique to reduce child burns, increase park usability, and mitigate urban heating.Corresponding Author:
Jennifer K. Vanos
Texas Tech University
[email protected]
Inner Shelf Sorted Bedforms: Long-Term Evolution and a New Hybrid Model
No full textSorted bedforms are spatial extensive (100 m-km) features present on many inner continental shelves with subtle bathymetric relief (cm-m) and localized, abrupt variations in grain size (fine sand to coarse sand/gravel). Sorted bedforms provide nursery habitat for fish, are a control on benthic biodiversity, function as sediment reservoirs, and influence nearshore waves and currents. Research suggests these bedforms are a consequence of a sediment sorting feedback as opposed to the more common flow-bathymetry interaction. This dissertation addresses three topics related to sorted bedforms: 1) Modeling the long-term evolution of bedform patterns, 2) Refinement of morphological and sediment transport relations used in the sorted bedform model with `machine learning'; 3) Development of a new sorted bedform model using these new `data-driven' components. Chapter 1 focuses on modeling the long term evolution of sorted bedforms. A range of sorted bedform model behaviors is possible in the long term, from pattern persistence to spatial-temporal intermittency. Vertical sorting (a result of pattern maturation processes) causes the burial of coarse material until a critical state of seabed coarseness is reached. This critical state causes a local cessation of the sorting feedback, leading to a self-organized spatially intermittent pattern, a hallmark of observed sorted bedforms. Various patterns emerge when numerical experiments include erosion, deposition, and storm events. Modeling of sorted bedforms relies on the parameterization of processes that lack deterministic descriptions. When large datasets exist, machine learning (optimization tools from computer science) can be used to develop parameterizations directly from data. Using genetic programming (a machine learning technique) and large multisetting datasets I develop smooth, physically meaningful predictors for ripple morphology (wavelength, height, and steepness; Chapter 2) and near bed suspended sediment reference concentration under unbroken waves (Chapter 3). The new predictors perform better than existing empirical formulations. In Chapter 3, the new components derived from machine learning are integrated into the sorted bedform model to create a `hybrid' model: a novel way to incorporate observational data into a numerical model. Results suggest that the new hybrid model is able to capture dynamics absent from previous models, specifically, the two observed end-member pattern modes of sorted bedforms (i.e., coarse material on updrift bedform flanks or coarse material in bedform troughs). However, caveats exist when data driven components do not have parity with traditional theoretical components of morphodynamic models, and I address the challenges of integrating these disparate pieces and the future of this type of `hybrid' modeling.</p
In-Depth Analysis and Program Notes on a Selection of Wind Band Music
No full textThis document is an in-depth analysis of five pieces composed for wind band: Cloudburst by Eric Whitacre, Promenade and Galop by Daniel Kallman, Ave Maria by Franz Biebl (arranged by Robert Cameron), A Hymn for the Lost and the Living by Eric Ewazen, and Five English Folk Songs by Ralph Vaughan Williams (arranged by Evan Feldman). These works were conducted by the author with the Minnesota State University, Mankato Concert Wind Ensemble between October 2010 and January 2012. The following pages contain biographical information on each composer (and arranger where applicable), program notes, formal analysis, and conducting and rehearsal considerations by the author. In addition, each analysis concludes with a personal reflection in which the author describes how each piece helped in his development as a conductor from baton technique to personal growth
A Scene Without A Name: Indie Classical and American New Music in the Twenty-First Century
No full textThis dissertation represents the first study of indie classical, a significant subset of new music in the twenty-first century United States. The definition of “indie classical” has been a point of controversy among musicians: I thus examine the phrase in its multiplicity, providing a framework to understand its many meanings and practices. Indie classical offers a lens through which to study the social: the web of relations through which new music is structured, comprised in a heterogeneous array of actors, from composers and performers to journalists and publicists to blog posts and music venues. This study reveals the mechanisms through which a musical movement establishes itself in American cultural life; demonstrates how intermediaries such as performers, administrators, critics, and publicists fundamentally shape artistic discourses; and offers a model for analyzing institutional identity and understanding the essential role of institutions in new music. Three chapters each consider indie classical through a different set of practices: as a young generation of musicians that constructed itself in shared institutional backgrounds and performative acts of grouping; as an identity for New Amsterdam Records that powerfully shaped the record label’s music and its dissemination; and as a collaboration between the ensemble yMusic and Duke University that sheds light on the twenty-first century status of the new-music ensemble and the composition PhD program. Combining archival and digital research, reception history, interviews, and fieldwork, I uncover the flows of cultural and economic capital that govern how classical and new music operate in the present day.Doctor of Philosoph
Evidence for the influence of irrigation on precipitation intensity and totals in the midwestern United States: observational and modeling perspectives
No full textSignificant increases in summer precipitation occurred in the Midwestern United States over the last century for reasons that remain unclear. It is postulated that the expansion of irrigation and cropland in the central US over the past sixty years has been a major contributor to these observed increases in precipitation. As a first step toward attribution of these regional precipitation changes, a detailed analysis of observed daily summer precipitation frequency and intensity is conducted for the contiguous United States over multiple spatial scales and time periods from 1895 to 2011. Robust increases in precipitation frequency, total precipitation, and moderate to heavy precipitation intensity are identified during July and August in the Midwestern US. Analysis of changes in mean monthly precipitation from the early- to late-20th century initially points to increasing frequency as the source of increasing monthly precipitation in the Midwestern US during the summer, especially during August; however, comparable increases in precipitation frequency occur during other times of the year. On the other hand, changes in precipitation intensity and total precipitation are both greatest during July and August and coincide spatially in the Midwestern US. Additionally, the greatest intensity change occurs downwind of the most heavily irrigated regions, especially for the period between 1950 and 1980 when irrigation rapidly intensified. A 15-day simulation using the WRF regional climate model with a simplified irrigation scheme over Nebraska confirmed the postulated increase in moisture, decrease in temperature, and subsequent increases in both convective inhibition and convective available potential energy over Nebraska, which led to weakened convection over the irrigated areas. Wind anomalies produced by irrigation seem to be instrumental in enhancing precipitation intensity and totals downwind of Nebraska in general, and in the eastern Midwest region for one particular heavy precipitation event. The increases in Midwestern precipitation in both analyses – one based on observation and rooted in reality and one based on model experiments and controlled for irrigation – support the hypothesis that irrigation in Nebraska has led to an increase in the intensity and total of precipitation downwind of the irrigated regions.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Ross Evan Alte
Essays In Labor Economics
No full textThe three essays of this dissertation are studies of individual choice and outcomes in labor-economics related problems. In the first chapter, I use an individual's rank in his coworker-comparison group to predict whether he leaves his job and the amount of earnings growth he will experience over his next few years. Even after controlling for a variety of individual and firm observables and unobservables, I find that an individual's rank is positively correlated with his earnings growth on the current job but negatively correlated with his earnings growth when he changes jobs. The mean reversion of job changers' earnings with respect to rank suggests that rank is a signal of an individual's match productivity with his current firm. In the second chapter, my co-author and I use a flexible decomposition procedure for job-matching to distinguish changes in job-to-job flows due to structural factors of the labor market from changes due to the evolving composition of workers and firms. We find that the likelihood of workers moving to firms 25-100 miles away from their current firm when changing jobs has increased. This increased integration of local labor markets has gone undetected by other studies of mobility, which focus on interstate and even inter-county job and residential migration. In the third chapter, I study whether US citizens have become more or less likely over time to marry someone with whom they share a state of birth. Using a variety of descriptive statistics, I find that the proportion of marriages between citizens with different states of birth has increased. Individuals born in later years and those having higher education are generally more likely to marry someone born in a different state
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