1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Role of the biological clock in hepatic inflammation and immunometabolism during MASLD
No full textLa MASLD (Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease) est une pathologie dont la prévalence ne cesse d’augmenter, avec des conséquences métaboliques et cardiovasculaires significatives. La stéatose hépatique peut évoluer vers des formes plus graves, telles que la stéatohépatite, caractérisée par une inflammation et une fibrose. Un régime riche en acides gras et en sucres raffinés est reconnu comme un facteur de risque majeur. De plus, plusieurs études sur les travailleurs postés ont montré une corrélation entre une altération de l’horloge biologique et un risque accru de développer des maladies métaboliques, dont la MASLD. Cependant, les mécanismes moléculaires sous-jacents à ces observations restent mal compris. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de cette étude est d’explorer le rôle de l’altération de l’horloge biologique dans la physiopathologie de la MASLD. Pour cela, des souris C57BL/6J ont été soumises à une désynchronisation chronique des cycles jour/nuit, combinée ou non à des régimes alimentaires spécifiques. Dans des modèles de stéatose hépatique associée à l’inflammation, imitant la MASLD à différents stades, ainsi que dans un modèle de fibrose mimant la MASH, nous avons observé que la perturbation de l’horloge biologique accentuait l’inflammation hépatique, tant au niveau de l’expression génique que de l’infiltration de populations immunitaires, notamment des monocytes et des macrophages pro-inflammatoires. À l’inverse, la surexpression de Rev-erbα, un composant clé de l’horloge biologique, dans les cellules myéloïdes a montré un effet protecteur face à un régime pro-MASLD. Ces résultats nous ont conduits à étudier le rôle de REV-ERBα dans l’immunométabolisme des macrophages dérivés de la moelle osseuse, révélant un effet bénéfique de ce récepteur nucléaire. En conclusion, les perturbations de l’horloge biologique, associées à un régime déséquilibré, augmentent significativement le risque d'inflammation hépatique, un facteur clé dans la progression vers des formes plus sévères de la MASLD. La modulation de l'horloge biologique pourrait ainsi représenter une approche thérapeutique prometteuse pour améliorer la santé métabolique, en particulier chez les travailleurs postés.MASLD (Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease) is a pathology whose prevalence has increased, and which has significant metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. Hepatic steatosis can progress to a more advanced stage, such as steatohepatitis, characterised by inflammation and fibrosis. A diet rich in fatty acids and refined sugars is recognised as a major risk factor. In addition, several studies in shift workers have shown a correlation between an altered biological clock and an increased risk of developing metabolic diseases, including MASLD. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these observations remain poorly understood. In this context, the aim of this study was to explore the role of alterations in the biological clock in the pathophysiology of MASLD. To this end, C57BL/6J mice were subjected to chronic desynchronisation of the day/night cycles, combined or not with specific diets. In models of hepatic steatosis associated with inflammation, mimicking MASLD at different stages, as well as in a model of fibrosis mimicking MASH, we observed that disruption of the biological clock accentuated hepatic inflammation, as shown by inflammatory gene expression and the infiltration of immune populations, particularly pro-inflammatory monocytes and macrophages. Conversely, overexpression of Rev-erbα, a key component of the biological clock, in myeloid cells showed a protective effect against a pro-MASLD diet. These results led us to study the role of REV-ERBα in the immunometabolism of bone marrow-derived macrophages, revealing a beneficial effect of this nuclear receptor. In conclusion, disturbances in the biological clock, associated with an unbalanced diet, significantly increase the risk of hepatic inflammation, a key factor in the progression to more severe forms of MASLD. Modulation of the biological clock could therefore represent a promising therapeutic approach for improving metabolic health, particularly in shift workers
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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