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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Differing strain regions and shear forces under cyclic biaxial loading in the Flexercell-strain-unit
No full textMuskuloskeletale belastungen im schafshinterlauf: mechanische rahmenbedingungen der heilung
No full textAlthough the sheep is a standard model for the analysis of biological healing processes after surgical intervention at the knee and shank, the in vivo tibio-femoral joint contact forces and the resulting musculoskeletal loading conditions have yet to be studied in detail.The three-dimensional kinematics of three Merino-mix sheep right hind limbs were recorded using reflective markers that were attached to Schanz’ screws, firmly anchored in the bone. This motion data was used together with the simultaneously measured external loading (ground reaction forces) to calculate the muscle and joint contact forces, as well as the internal loads within the bones. Whilst the motion mainly occurred in the sagittal plane, significant out of plane motion was observed, especially at the hip and knee joint (ab/adduction hip: 13°, knee: 10°; internal/external rotation hip: 12°, knee: 14°). The axial component of the tibio-femoral contact force was 2.1 times body weight (BW). The medio-lateral and anterior-posterior shear forces amounted to only 0.7 times BW. The loading in the diaphysis of the tibia under physiological musculoskeletal conditions was mainly axial compression (0.89 BW) together with only small shear forces (0.15 BW). The results of the musculoskeletal analyses presented here add to the understanding of the mechanical loading conditions in sheep. This expanded knowledge aids in the interpretatio
Interaction of mechanics and biology in knee joint restoration and regeneration: from cells to limbs--multi-scale approaches for clinical applications. Berlin, 28-30 June 2006
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Mechanical conditions in the internal stabilization of proximal tibial defects
No full textObjectivesThe goal was to design a method which would permit an assessment of the suitability of a newly developed implant under physiological-like loading conditions. Information obtained from such an analysis is expected to delineate more clearly the indications for a new device prior to clinical utilization.DesignIn vitro mechanical stiffness testing and finite element analysis.MethodsFrom in vitro testing of proximal tibiae with defects, the stiffness of an internal stabilization system was determined. Using a finite element model, the loading of both the implant and bone was analyzed including all muscle forces. The variation in implant loading and interfragmentary strain for different defect locations was also investigated.ResultsConventional stiffness testing demonstrated the comparability of the experimental findings with the finite element predictions. Under physiological-like loading the implant experienced high bending and von Mises stresses if defects in the region of the shaft were stabilized. A short working length increased implant loading up to the yield strength of the material.ConclusionsThe finite element analysis illustrated the appropriateness of this new device for proximal defects of the tibia, but the implant should be used hesitantly in fractures or defects extending into the diaphyseal region of the bone.RelevanceThis new analytical approach helped to identify clinical indications for the implant in which its mechanical attributes would prove advantageous
Differing strain regions and shear forces under cyclic biaxial loading in the Flexercell-strain-unit
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