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The 2012 AASM respiratory event criteria increase the incidence of hypopneas in an adult sleep center population
No full textStudy Objectives\ud
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To investigate the effect of the 2012 American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) respiratory event criteria on severity and prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) relative to previous respiratory event criteria.\ud
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Methods\ud
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A retrospective, randomized comparison was conducted in an Australian clinical sleep laboratory in a tertiary hospital. The polysomnograms (PSG) of 112 consecutive patients undertaking polysomnography (PSG) for suspected OSA were re-scored for respiratory events using either 2007 AASM recommended (AASM2007Rec), 2007 AASM alternate (AASM2007Alt), Chicago criteria (AASM1999), or 2012 AASM recommended (AASM2012) respiratory event criteria.\ud
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Results\ud
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The median AHI using AASM2012 was approximately 90% greater than the AASM2007Rec AHI, approximately 25% greater than the AASM2007Alt AHI, and approximately 15% lower than the AASM1999 AHI. These changes increased OSA diagnoses by approximately 20% and 5% for AASM2007Rec and AASM2007Alt, respectively. Minimal changes in OSA diagnoses were observed between AASM1999 and AASM2012 criteria. To achieve the same OSA prevalence as AASM2012, the threshold for previous criteria would have to shift to 2.6/h, 3.6/h, and 7.3/h for AASM2007Rec, AASM2007Alt, and AASM1999, respectively. Differences between the AASM2007Rec and AASM2012 hypopnea indices (HI) were predominantly due to the change in desaturation levels required. Alterations to respiratory event duration rules had no effect on the HI.\ud
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Conclusions\ud
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This study demonstrates that implementation of the 2012 AASM respiratory event criteria will increase the AHI in patients undergoing PSG, and more patients are likely to be diagnosed with OSA
Severity of individual obstruction events is gender dependent in sleep apnea
No full textPurpose\ud
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In obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), severity of individual obstruction events is connected to increased mortality rate and it can be significantly different in patients with similar apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). However, possible gender-dependent variation in severity of obstruction events in different OSA categories is unknown. We investigated whether the severity of obstruction events differs between genders with similar AHI and if this difference varies between OSA categories.\ud
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Methods\ud
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Polygraphic recordings of 2057 consecutive patients with suspected OSA were reanalyzed and those with AHI ≥5/h were included for further analysis (nmale = 893 and nfemale = 197). Statistical significance of differences in AHI, apnea index, hypopnea index, oxygen desaturation index, obstruction severity parameter, and severity of individual obstruction events between genders were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U (MWU) test as well as the general linear model (GLM) univariate analysis adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, daytime sleepiness, snoring, and heart failure.\ud
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Results\ud
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Apneas were 16.9 and 19.6% longer (MWU p ≤ 0.015, GLM p ≤ 0.036) and desaturation areas were 15.4 and 23.7% larger (MWU p ≤ 0.024, GLM p ≤ 0.053) in males compared to females with moderate and severe OSA, respectively. In contrast, hypopneas were 9.1% shorter (MWU p = 0.001, GLM p ≤ 0.001) and desaturation areas were 6.0% smaller (MWU p = 0.114, GLM p = 0.025) in men with mild OSA. The apnea index was 433.3 and 313.1% higher (MWU p ≤ 0.001, GLM p ≤ 0.043) and the hypopnea index was 12.2 and 17.8% lower (MWU p ≤ 0.001, GLM p = 0.002, p = 0.083) in males with mild and moderate OSA, respectively.\ud
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Conclusion\ud
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As severity of individual obstruction events was significantly different in males and females, the overall severity of OSA may not be similar despite the similarity in AHI
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Amsterdam positional OSA classification: The AASM 2012 recommended hypopnoea criteria increases the number of positional therapy candidates
No full textPurpose\ud
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This study examined the effect of hypopnoea criteria on the prevalence of positional obstructive sleep apnoea (pOSA) identified under the Amsterdam Positional OSA Classification (APOC) system.\ud
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Methods\ud
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Three hundred three consecutive patients undertaking polysomnography (PSG) for the suspicion of OSA were included in this retrospective investigation. PSGs were scored using both the 2007 American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) recommended hypopnoea criteria (AASM2007Rec) and the 2012 AASM recommended hypopnoea criteria (AASM2012Rec). For each hypopnoea criteria, OSA patients were grouped according to the APOC categories (I, II or II) or else deemed non-APOC if they did not meet the APOC criteria. Outcome measures, such as Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ), MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) and psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), were also compared between the groups.\ud
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Results\ud
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The AASM2012Rec increased the prevalence of OSA compared to AASM2007Rec. The AASM2012Rec trebled the number of APOC I patients compared to AASM2007Rec (297% increase) as well as increased the proportion of females in the APOC I group. AASM2012Rec did not change the number of APOC II and APOC III patients. In fact, the same patients were present in these categories irrespective of hypopnoea criteria. The proportion of non-APOC patients proportionally decreased with the AASM2012Rec criteria. There were no differences in outcome measures between the AASM2012Rec and AASM2007Rec groups.\ud
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Conclusions\ud
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This study demonstrates that, compared to AASM2007Rec, AASM2012Rec increases the prevalence of who could be successfully treated with positional therapy. The proportion of females with pOSA also increases as a consequence of AASM2012Rec
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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