378 research outputs found
In memoriam
No full textGrzegorz Leopold Seidler ( 1913-2004) (Lech Dubel, Małgorzata Łuszczyńska)... 44
In memoriam
No full textBarbara Waldo, 1925-1998 (Zygfryd Rymaszewski) ... 499Jan Malarczyk, 1931-1998 (Lech Dubel) ... 501Franciszka Ryszka, 1924-1998 (Henryk Olszewski) ... 50
Artykuł recenzyjny książki Andrzeja Maksymiliana Fredro Scriptorum Seu Togae et Belli Notationum Fragmenta. Accesserunt Peristromata Regnum. Symbolis Expressa
No full textPublished in 2014 (first ed. 1660) the treatise by Andrzej Maksymilian Fredro was a significant editorial event. It was the first time that Polish readers had been presented with a Polish translation of the originally Latin work by this author. This edition of Scriptorum combines the original Latin text and its Polish translation in one book. What is also significant, it is preceded by a comprehensive and detailed introduction and supplemented with very meticulous footnotes. The whole work is followed by an index of characters referred to in Scriptorum. In its introduction by Marek Tracz Tryniecki, the present work provides an extensive and very erudite presentation of the figure and intellectual achievements of Andrzej Maksymilian Fredro (p. 19–114). In fact, this is not so much a typical introduction as a scientific analysis which actually meets the requirements of a study. Not only does the author reconstruct the ideas, but also argues with some published interpretative theses concerning both the activities and the ideas of Aleksander Fredro.In his text Andrzej Maksymilian Fredro introduces and justifies the universal idea of self-limited power of the monarch. He justifies it with moral, political, psychological, legal and religious arguments, as well as with the historical experience and a comparative approach. A.M. Fredro’s work offers a commendation of republicanism and the mixed regime. According to Fredro, and many other political writers of the 16th and 17th centuries, the mixed regime continued to be the basis of the political regime of the Republic of Poland, where it was institutionally reflected in three estates: the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate and the King (p. 65). A.M. Fredro argues that such a regime enables the best control of conflicts and ensures freedom in the country. Another political postulate by this author is the commendation of the rule of law in the State. The work also discusses Fredro’s military ideas.Autor omawia idee polityczne Andrzeja Maksymiliana Fredry. Ocenie podlega obszerny wstęp napisany współcześnie przez Marka Tracza Trynieckiego. Wskazuje się na prezentowanie przez Fredrę modelu monarchii umiarkowanej. Podkreśla się zerwanie komentatora z dotychczasowymi stereotypami i analizami piśmiennictwa A.M. Fredry dokonanymi w okresie wcześniejszym. Odrębnym problemem jest ukazanie poglądów pisarza na temat relacji państwo – kościół, zadań edukacji patriotycznej czy problemu wojska i wojny
Własność a klasa menedżerów w myśli Jamesa Burnhama
No full textProces postępującej etatyzacji pojawiający się na początku dwudziestego wieku zarówno w państwach totalitarnych Europy jak i demokracjach, podważa marksistowskie rozumienie konfliktu klasowego. Rodzą się wówczas idee twierdzące, że pojawia się nowa jego odmiana. Wówczas bowiem w państwie współczesnym następuje zmiana charakteru i funkcji własności. Oddzielać się zaczyna na wielką skalę własność od posiadania, formalny tytuł prawny od usus, a nawet i w znacznej części odfructus. Klasyczne rozumienie własności, np. w ujęciu prawa rzymskiego, przestaje być adekwatne dla nowych czasów. Chociaż formalnie zgodnie z prawnym tytułem własności pozostaje ona przy określonych podmiotach, jej zarząd najczęściej powierzany jest zawodowym menedżerom
Koncepcja totalitaryzmu w ujęciu Aleksandra Hertza
No full textThe Polish legal and political thought in the period preceding World War II actively attempted to explain the phenomenon of totalitarianism. One can even notice some fascination with certain aspects of the Italian fascism at that time. The article attempts to reconstruct the fundamental, anti-totalitarian views by the sociologist Aleksander Hertz. The author’s main works were written before World War II. It is a series of articles. The most important ones were published in a book entitled Szkice o totalitaryzmie (Sketches on Totalitarianism) (1994). He argues fascism derives from combatant movements. He claims that totalitarianism is a regime that aims to eradicate liberal democracy. He examines totalitarianism based on the Italian fascism, the German Nazism and Stalinism. Aleksander Hertz mainly deals with the explanation of the role of a mono-party in the totalitarian system. He believes it to be the core of any totalitarianism. It is mainly a militarised mono-party. The party is a hierarchical structure. Another characteristic of totalitarianism is the supreme and absolute position of the leader both in the party and the State. The charismatic leader holds absolute power based on a diversified party elite and other ordinary members of the party. They are fully responsible before him for their actions both in the party and outside it. The programme and activity of a totalitarian party are of revolutionary nature and they involve changes in all spheres of social life.Polska myśl prawnicza i polityczna w okresie przed II wojną światową aktywnie zajmowała się wyjaśnieniem fenomenu totalitaryzmu. W tamtym czasie można dostrzec nawet fascynację niektórymi aspektami włoskiego faszyzmu. Artykuł rekonstruuje podstawowe, krytyczne wobec totalitaryzmu, poglądy socjologa Aleksandra Hertza. Główne prace tego autora powstały przed II wojną światową. Jest to seria artykułów. Najważniejsze zostały wydane w postaci książki pt. Szkice o totalitaryzmie (1994). Faszyzm Hertz wywodzi z ruchów kombatanckich. Wskazuje, że totalitaryzm jest reżimem, którego zadaniem jest zniszczenie liberalnej demokracji. Autor bada totalitaryzm na podstawie włoskiego faszyzmu, niemieckiego nazizmu i stalinizmu. Hertz głównie zajmuje się wyjaśnieniem roli monopartii w systemie totalitarnym. Uważa ją za jądro każdego z totalitaryzmów. Jest to przede wszystkim monopartia zmilitaryzowana. Partia stanowi strukturę hierarchiczną. Kolejną cechą totalitaryzmu jest najwyższa i niekwestionowana pozycja wodza, zarówno w partii, jak i w państwie. Charyzmatyczny wódz sprawuje swą niepodzielną władzę w oparciu o zróżnicowaną elitę partyjną i pozostałych, szeregowych członków partii. Ponoszą oni przed nim pełną odpowiedzialność za swoje działania tak w partii, jak i poza nią. Program i działanie partii totalitarnej mają rewolucyjny charakter i dotyczą zmian we wszystkich obszarach życia społecznego
„Ze stanowiska katolickiego”. Ks. Józefa Kobylińskiego koncepcja totalizmu państwowego
No full textFATHER JÓZEF KOBYLIŃSKI’S CONCEPT OF STATE TOTALISM “THE CATHOLIC APPROACH”According to Józef Kobyliński, the essential and obvious features of totalism include: 1. The State is recognized to be the highest aim. 2. The race may also be the State’s highest aim Germany. 3. The monopoly of will by way of complete subordination and blind obedience occurs in the State. 4. The total State is principally atheistic. 5. It is a one-party system. 6. Universalism, commonplaceness of behaviour and absence of any initiative prevail here. According to the author, the basic feature of the total State is its attempt at total predominance over individuals and social groups. Militarism and economic imperialism over neighbors are resorted to whenever possible. Totalitarianism is basically about annihilating anything that could oppose the State and limit its lawlessness. In the totalitarian State the individualism of democracy is ousted by universalism.FATHER JÓZEF KOBYLIŃSKI’S CONCEPT OF STATE TOTALISM “THE CATHOLIC APPROACH”According to Józef Kobyliński, the essential and obvious features of totalism include: 1. The State is recognized to be the highest aim. 2. The race may also be the State’s highest aim Germany. 3. The monopoly of will by way of complete subordination and blind obedience occurs in the State. 4. The total State is principally atheistic. 5. It is a one-party system. 6. Universalism, commonplaceness of behaviour and absence of any initiative prevail here. According to the author, the basic feature of the total State is its attempt at total predominance over individuals and social groups. Militarism and economic imperialism over neighbors are resorted to whenever possible. Totalitarianism is basically about annihilating anything that could oppose the State and limit its lawlessness. In the totalitarian State the individualism of democracy is ousted by universalism
In memory of Professor Lech Wojtczak, researcher and person
No full textProfessor Lech Wojtczak spent his entire scientific life at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, where he worked since 1947. He is the author or co-author of two hundred scientific papers, promoted 15 doctors of science, was the Full Member of PAS and has been awarded with several prizes and honors. Among his students are three successive directors of the Nencki Institute, the authors of the present article. Scientific interests of Professor Lech Wojtczak were always dealing with bioenergectics, a discipline that he led in Poland and Eastern-Central Europe. In particular, his studies focused on the role of fatty acids and their derivatives on bioenergetics, on the regulatory role of surface potential of biomembranes on enzymatic and transport activities, on the regulatory role of calcium and magnesium in mitochondria, on the role of free oxigen radicals in bioenergetics, etc. Apart from being a great scientist, Lech Wojtczak was also a fantastic teacher, and an excellent scientific supervisor. Being well recognized in the world, he was placing members of his research group in foreign laboratories, as well as was sending tchem to courses and conferences. This was opening their minds to the world, and to other cultures, and allowed Lech Wojtczak to form from his collaborators the next generation of good scientists and future leaders. The list of the most important pupils of Professor Wojtczak is given in the article. Lech was also excellent in social contacts, and in creating a friendly atmosphere. Together with his wife Anna, they kept an open home, often inviting collaborators to parties that usually led to long scientific discussions. With the sudden death of Pofessor Lech Wojtczak Polish science suffered a great loss. This eminent researcher, the father of Polish bioenergetics, but also a warm and modest person, will be dearly missed
A REVIEW OF THE BOOK: PATRYK WAWRZYŃSKI, PREZYDENT LECH KACZYŃSKI. NARRACJE NIEDOKOŃCZONE [PRESIDENT LECH KACZYNSKI. THE UNFINISHED NARRATIVES], WYDAWNICTWO ADAM MARSZAŁEK, TORUŃ 2012
No full textWith these words of Mark Antony – as a motto – Patrick Wawrzyński could start his book. Published in 2012, the work is titled "President Lech Kaczynski. The unfinished narratives" (Prezydent Lech Kaczyński. Narracje niedokończone), and it is just such an attempt of doing justice to the tragically deceased president of the Republic of Poland. The author has undertaken the task of presenting the views of Lech Kaczynski as they actually were – separating them from incorrect interpretations and opinions attributed by other actors of the Polish political scene: his opponents as well as allies
Metodologiczne wizje i koncepcje G.L. Seidlera
No full textThe methodological concepts of Grzegorz Leopold Seidler touched upon numerous important issues involved in the cultivation of legal sciences. Formulated on different levels of abstraction, they addressed the most significant issues of the academic discipline of law, as well as other social sciences. In the field of legal sciences, they were mainly connected with the philosophy of law, the theory of law, the history of political and legal doctrines, the history of the State and law, and the constitutional and administrative law. However, His academic research interests also corresponded to the political sciences, and the theory of organisation and management. Frequently, these were the visions and ideas which turned into concepts due to the endeavours by Professor, or subsequently his students. The same was the case with the history of political and legal doctrines, a research discipline that has been cultivated since the nineteenth century. His ideas were, however, rooted in a concrete historical situation. The whole academic research life of G.L. Seidler was characterised, among other things, by the attempt to define the subject and the method of his basic research area and exposition, i.e. the political and legal thought. It needs to be emphasised that he was not only interested in the history of legal thought, but the modern political thought as well. The methodological pursuits and their consequent continuation that were actually present in nearly all of the author’s works, inspire admiration for their pioneering nature as well as the depth of exploration of this research area. The critical appraisal of the methodological proposals by G.L. Seidler covered the definition of the research subject, i.e. the approach and concept of doctrine, the proposal to systematise the periodisation of political thought, and certain conclusions stemming from the applied research method. The importance of these studies may be evaluated on many levels. Among the most major ones seems to be its capability to inspire a discussion among the historians of political and legal thought concerning the author’s theses. Another aspect of the appeal of the methodological ideas is the extent of its acceptance, i.e. whether and to what extend it was accepted by historians of doctrines. The author of the present article puts forward a thesis that in both aspects Grzegorz Leopold Seidler’s thought was academically significant and still is an important source for the methodological reflections by contemporary authors.W artykule nie zamieszczono abstrakt
In one breath (Jednym tchem) performed at the Theatre of the Eighth Day
No full textThis text deals with the 1971 play Jednym tchem (In one breath), performed at the Theatre of the Eighth Day (Teatr Ósmego Dnia) and based on Stanisław Barańczak’s poem. Lech Raczak outlines the methods used in the play, the characters, way of presenting a poetic text and the music in the performance. The author uses fragments of performance records published in his previous book Szaleństwo i metoda. 48 tekstów o teatrze (Madness and method. 48 texts about theatre) (Wydawnictwo Miejskie Posnania, Poznań 2012).<br /
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