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From physiological to traumatic birth: the labouring woman, her partner and the role of midwife
Get PDFUvod: Pretežni del porodov pri zdravih ženskah bi lahko potekal fiziološko, v nekaterih primerih pa različne zunanje okoliščine in notranji razlogi privedejo do drugačnega poteka in zaznave poroda, ki globoko prizadenejo telesno in/ali duševno integriteto posameznice ali posameznika. Tu ima velik pomen vloga zdravstvenega osebja oz. babice. Namen: Namen diplomske naloge je analizirati obstoječo znanstveno in strokovno literaturo na temo fiziološkega in travmatičnega poroda, da bi osvetlili vzroke ter posledice slednjega. Cilj je predstaviti fiziološki potek poroda, njegovo doživljanje s strani ženske kot tudi moškega, vzroke in dejavnike tveganja za nastanek travmatičnega poroda ter njegove posledice pri obeh starših. Posebna pozornost je namenjena predstavitvi vloge zdravstvenih strokovnjakov pri preprečevanju travmatičnega poroda in zgodnjemu prepoznavanju poporodnih duševnih motenj, povezanih z njimše posebej se posvečamo vlogi babice. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda študija literature, ki obsega sistematični pregled literature ter analizo dobljenih virov. Uporabili smo različne knjižne in internetne vire, znanstvene in strokovne članke in raziskave. Rezultati: Travmatičen porod je porod, ki v posameznici ali posamezniku sproži občutek hude življenjske ogroženosti, ogroženosti lastne duševne ali telesne celovitosti ali celovitosti bližnje osebe. Dejavnike tveganja za travmatični poroddelimo na zdravstvene postopke in posege, način poroda (carski rez ali vaginalni), način ravnanja zdravstvenih delavcev oziroma kakovost odnosa, velik pomen pa ima tudi posameznikova osebnost. Če ženska ali moški porod doživi kot travmatičen, lahko to privede do posttravmatske stresne motnje in poporodne depresije. Pri preprečevanju travmatičnega poroda imajo veliko vlogo babica in drugo zdravstveno osebje, ki naj bi paru nudilo ustrezne informacije, podporo in pomoč in ustrezno porodno oskrbo. Razprava in zaključek: Travmatičen porod lahko privede do hudih posledic, zato je pomembno, da ga skušamo preprečiti, da zgodaj odkrivamo simptome poporodnih duševnih motenjin da par predhodno informiramo o možnem nastanku le teh. Predhodno medsebojno sodelovanje para in babice, poznavanje njune dinamike in potreb ter razumevanje in spoštovanje njune individualnosti, lahko zmanjša pojavnost travmatičnega poroda. Predvsem pa je pomemben spoštljiv odnos in zagotavljanje dostojanstva porodnice in bodočega očeta ter individualizirana porodna obravnava.Introduction: Most births given by healthy women could be physiological, but in some cases different external and internal circumstances lead to a different birth process and its perceptionall that can deeply affect the integrity of an individual on a physical and also mental level. A big role in this situation have the medical team and midwives. Purpose: The purpose was to analize the existent scientific and technical literature about the physiological and traumatic birth, to highlight the causes and consequences of the latter for the subsequent live of the woman aswell as man. The aim is to present the physiological course of labour, its experience from the woman and man, the causes and risk factors for the beginning of the traumatic birth and its consequences by both parents. A big focus is also the role of the medical professionals, but mostly midwives, in the prevention of traumatic birth and the early detection of postpartum mental disturbances. Methods: In this study the descriptive method was used. That includes a systematic literature review, aswell as the analysis of the found sources. Different books and internet sources were used, scientific and technical articles and reseraches. Results: Traumatic birth is a birth, that arouses a feeling of life treath, mental and physical defeat, personal integrity in the individual or integrity of the closest person. It depends on different factors as different medical interventions, the way of birth (cesarean section or vaginal birth), unprofessional treatments from the medical team and also the individual’s subjectivity. Experiencing a traumatic birth can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder and postpartum depression. The midwife and other memebers of the medical team have a very big role in preventing the development of a traumatic birth. Every couple should be offered the required help and information about the whole process. Discussion and conclusion: The traumatic birth can lead to severe consequences. So it\u27s important that we try to avoid it, early recognition of the postpartum mental health symptoms and in advance inform the couple about all the possible results. The mutual cooperation of the couple and midwife in advance, understand their dynamics and needs and also understand and respect their individuality can reduce the manifestation of traumatic birth. Most important is a respectful relation and to provide for the mother\u27s and father’s dignity and an individualized birth treatment
Travelers through the dark land - postnatal distress in everyday life of young mothers
No full textThe article presents dominant concepts about postnatal mental problems and looks beyond too-narrow scientific arguments about them. The main question about everyday practices of motherhood isČ are we talking about power relationships or are they the a way to freedomŽ We have to think about complexity of this problem and in the same time about individual choices. By organizing self-help groups and support groups for women, a telephone line called "mamaZOFA", individual consultations and crises team there is a new start for specific community life in Slovenia. A critical stance needs to be developed about the prescribed way to be "good mother" - as this in the same time enables an extension of forms of support to women.Prispevek prikazuje prevladujoče koncepte o obporodnih stiskah in iščemo poti onstran preozkih znanstvenih opredelitev duševnih težav mladih mater. Postavlja se temeljno vprašanje - ali različne, samoumevne in nepreizprašane vsakdanje prakse, s katerimi se srečujejo ženske z dojenčki, delujejo kot različni mehanizmi oblastnih razmerij (M. Foucault), ki so med drugimi navzoči tudi v sodobnem konceptu "skrbi za zdravje" ali pa kot možnosti iskanja novih izbir in osvoboditev. Izkušnje svetovalk ženskam z obporodnimi stiskami in njihovim partnerjem kažejo na nujnost kompleksnega razumevanja problematike in individualizirane pomoči. Združevanje žensk z dojenčki v samopomočne skupine in organiziranje skupin za pomoč ženskam z obporodnimi stiskami, ki v Sloveniji sele začenjajo svoje življenje, so oblike specifičnega povezovanja ljudi in novega definiranja skupnosti. Nujen je večji poudarek podpori enskam, prav tako kot je nujno razvijati natančno in občutljivo kritično misel o delovanju različnih silnic, ki soodločajo in se konfrotirajo v "predpisanih" oblikah nege dojenčka, ki jih v večini primerov opravljajo ženske, biološke matere
The consequences of children’s traumatic experiences
No full textV članku opozorimo na vlogo vrtcev in šol v kontekstu zavedanja o razširjenosti in dolgoročnih negativnih posledicah izpostavljenosti otrok potencialno travmatičnim izkušnjam. Prikazani so rezultati kvalitativne raziskave, pridobljene z izvedbo fokusnih skupin s 43 vzgojitelji/cami predšolskih otrok, učitelji/cami razredne stopnje in svetovalnimi delavkami v slovenskih vrtcih in šolah na temo prepoznavanja posledic travmatičnih izkušenj, strategij ukrepanja in želenih sprememb na področju razvoja ustreznih odzivov. Sodelujoči se zavedajo pomena travmatičnih izkušenj otrok in jih tudi prepoznavajo, ne čutijo pa se dovolj usposobljeni za ukrepanjepoudarjajo pomen medsektorskega in interdisciplinarnega povezovanja na ravni države, namenjenega preprečevanju travmatičnih izkušenj in medgeneracijskega prenosa travm. Članek prinaša tudi izhodišča smernic za eksplicitno in sistematično obravnavo te problematike v okviru vrtcev in šol v SlovenijiThe article highlights the role played by kindergartens and schools regarding awareness of the prevalence and long-term negative consequences of children’s exposure to potentially traumatic experiences. Qualitative research results are presented with respect to focus groups conducted with 43 preschool teachers, primary school teachers and counsellors in Slovenian kindergartens and schools, where the topic concerned recognising the impacts of traumatic experiences, action strategies and desired changes in the development of appropriate responses. The participants were aware of the importance of children’s traumatic experiences and also recognise them, yet do not feel sufficiently trained to take actionthey emphasise the importance of cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation on the national level aimed at preventing traumatic experiences and the intergenerational transmission of trauma. The article also provides guidelines for explicitly and systematically addressing this issue in kindergartens and schools across Slovenia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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