1,720,953 research outputs found
Épidémiologie de la bronchiolite à VRS en Martinique durant l’épidémie de COVID-19
No full textBackground. Respiratory Syncitial Virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a public health issue in both temperate and tropical zones. The spread of RSV in Martinique was studied in a retrospective study of hospitalizations for RSV bronchiolitis from 2007 to 2019. This study showed that RSV bronchiolitis epidemics occurred during the rainy season, alterning between year of high intensity and year of low intensity. However, the COVID-19 epidemic reached Martinique in March 2020 and, prompteding the implementation of social distancing measures, . disrupting the epidemiology of RSV bronchiolitis. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemic evolution of RSV bronchiolitis during and after the COVID-19 epidemic over the period 2019 - 2021. The secondary objective was to describe the clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis from 2019 to 2021. Method. We conducted a descriptive, retrospective, single-center study and collected hospitalizations for RSV bronchiolitis in patients 2 years and younger .fromyounger from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021, at the Martinique University Hospital. Results. A total of 217 infants were hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis in Martinique from 2019 and 2021. The 2019 epidemic occurred in the classic seasonal pattern, with incidence considered low. In 2020, there were no hospitalizations for RSV bronchiolitis from April. The epidemic in 2021 occurred from week 9 W9) to week W 21, with a peak at WS13 ; 20 to 25 weeks later than the classic season and in the dry season. Incidence during the epidemic period was 72 cases, with a monthly peak of 10 cases (considered an intermediate low incidence epidemic). In 2021, the median age was 3 months, and the median length of stay 4 days. 18% of patients were hospitalized in intensive care. Ventilatory support was used by 18% of patients, and enteral nutrition by 50%. 15% of patients had a history of prematurity, 3% cardiopaapthy and 3% bronchodysplasia. Conclusion. The change in the seasonality of RSV bronchiolitis in Martinique following the lifting of health measures demonstrates the predominance of herd collective immunity in the spread of RSV, rather than climatic factors. National and international recommendations must be adapted to the local context, and social distancing measures must be continued, particularly in the pre-epidemic period.Contexte. La bronchiolite à Virus Respiratoire Syncitial (VRS) est un enjeu de santé publique à la fois en zone tempérée et en zone tropicale. La propagation du VRS en Martinique a été étudiée dans une étude rétrospective menée de 2007 à 2019 portant sur les hospitalisations pour bronchiolite à VRS. Cette étude démontrait que les épidémies de bronchiolite à VRS survenaient pendant la saison des pluies avec un rythme bisannuel avec une alternance « forte – faible intensité ». Or, l’épidémie de COVID-19, qui a dès mars 2020 atteint la Martinique, a entraîné la mise en place de mesures sanitaires et perturbé l’épidémiologie de la bronchiolite à VRS. L’objectif de notre étude était de décrire l’évolution épidémique de la bronchiolite à VRS pendant et après l’épidémie de COVID-19 sur la période 2019 - 2021. L’objectif secondaire était de décrire les caractéristiques cliniques des patients hospitalisés pour bronchiolite à VRS de 2019 à 2021. Méthode. Nous avons mené une étude descriptive, rétrospective, monocentrique et avons recueilli les hospitalisations pour bronchiolite à VRS chez les patients de moins de 2 ans du 1er janvier 2019 au 31 décembre 2021 au CHU de Martinique. Résultats. Au total, 217 nourrissons ont été hospitalisés pour bronchiolite à VRS en Martinique de 2019 à 2021. L’épidémie de 2019 est survenue selon la saisonnalité classique avec une incidence considérée comme faible. L’année 2020 a été marquée par une absence d’hospitalisation pour bronchiolite à VRS à partir du mois d’avril. L’épidémie en 2021 est survenue de la S9 à la S21 avec un pic à la S13 soit un décalage de 20 semaines par rapport à la saisonnalité classique et en saison sèche. L’incidence en période épidémique était de 72 cas avec un pic mensuel à 23 cas (épidémie d’incidence considérée comme faible). En 2021, la médiane d’âge était de 3 mois et la durée médiane de séjour de 4 jours. 18 % des patients ont été hospitalisés en soins intensifs. Le recours à un support ventilatoire concernait 18% des patients et celui à la nutrition entérale 50%. 15% des patients avaient un antécédent de prématurité, 3% de cardiopathie et 3% de bronchodysplasie. Conclusion. La modification de la saisonnalité de la bronchiolite à VRS en Martinique à la levée des mesures sanitaires démontre la prédominance de l’immunité collective dans la propagation du VRS sur les facteurs climatiques. Les recommandations nationales et internationales doivent être adaptées au contexte local et les gestes de distanciation sociale doivent être poursuivis notamment en période pré-épidémique
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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