1,721,022 research outputs found
Pilotstudien sind wichtig
No full textZusammenfassungDie Wichtigkeit von Pilotstudien, wie man sie schreibt und was sie bedeuten.[Vogel S, Draper-Rodi J. The importance of pilot studies, how to write them and what they mean. In: International Journal of Osteopathic
Medicine 2017; 23: 2–3.]DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2017.02.001</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
EFFECTS OF AN E-LEARNING PROGRAMME ON OSTEOPATHS’ BACK PAIN ATTITUDES: A MIXED METHODS FEASIBILITY STUDY
Full text linki. Background
Guidelines recommend the biopsychosocial (BPS) model for managing non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) but the best method for teaching this model is unclear. Printed material and face-to-face learning have limited effects on practitioners’ attitudes to back pain. An alternative way is needed and e-learning is a promising option. E-learning is becoming an important part of teaching, but little guidance is available to the osteopathic profession.
ii. Purpose
This study had four aims. First to assess the feasibility of running a main trial to test the effectiveness of an e-learning programme on the BPS model for NSLBP on experienced practitioners’ attitudes to back pain; secondly, to assess the acceptability of the e-learning programme and the use of the internet as a mode of CPD; thirdly to provide an effect size estimate; and finally to explore the participants’ views on the e-learning programme and its possible impact on their reported behaviour.
iii. Methods
First a scoping review of the BPS factors and assessment methods for NSLBP was conducted. It informed the content of an e-learning programme that was designed and developed, and informed by a behaviour change model and an e-learning developmental model. An explanatory mixed methods feasibility study was conducted: first, a pilot Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) assessed experienced osteopaths’ attitudes before and after the intervention, using the Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (PABS) and the Attitudes to Back Pain Scale for musculoskeletal practitioners (ABS-mp); then semi-structured interviews explored participants’ views on the e-learning programme and its possible impact on their reported practice behaviours.
iv. Results
45 osteopaths, each with at least 15 years of experience consented to, and took part in, the study. The two trial arms were: a 6-week e-learning programme (intervention group) and a waiting-list group (control group). 9 participants were interviewed for the qualitative strand. The feasibility of conducting a main trial was good, the intervention was well accepted and the adherence to the intervention was good. An effect size estimate was calculated to inform sample size for a main trial. In the qualitative strand, participants’ views on the BPS model fell in with the themes of being Not structural enough, being Part of existing practice and being Transformative.
v. Conclusion(s)
This study provided new knowledge that had not been reported before in several areas:
- how an e-learning programme for experienced manual practitioners should be developed,
- a new intervention was reported (e-learning programme), including its design and acceptability,
- osteopaths’ views on using the internet as a form of CPD,
- information on the challenges faced in implementing a BPS approach
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The effectiveness and safety of conservative interventions for positional plagiocephaly and congenital muscular torticollis: A synthesis of systematic reviews and guidance
Full text linkAim: To investigate for congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) and positional plagiocephaly (PP) the effectiveness and safety of manual therapy, repositioning and helmet therapy (PP only) using a systematic review of systematic reviews and national guidelines. Methods: We searched four major relevant databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and MANTIS for research studies published between the period 1999-2019. Inclusion criteria were systematic reviews that analysed results from multiple studies and guidelines that used evidence and expert opinion to recommend treatment and care approaches. Three reviewers independently selected articles by title, abstract and full paper review, and extracted data. Selected studies were described by two authors and assessed for quality. Where possible meta-analysed data for change in outcomes (range of movement and head shape) were extracted and qualitative conclusions were assessed. Results: We found 10 systematic reviews for PP and 4 for CMT. One national guideline was found for each PP and CMT. For PP, manual therapy was found to be more effective than repositioning including tummy time (moderate to high evidence) but not better than helmet therapy (low evidence). Helmet therapy was better than usual care or repositioning (low evidence); and repositioning better than usual care (moderate to high evidence). The results for CMT showed that manual therapy in the form of practitioner-led stretching had moderate favourable evidence for increased range of movement. Advice, guidance and parental support was recommended in all the guidance to reassure parents of the favourable trajectory and nature of these conditions over time. Conclusions: Distinguishing between superiority of treatments was difficult due to the lack of standardised measurement systems, the variety of outcomes and limited high quality studies. More well powered effectiveness and efficacy studies are needed. However overall, advice and guidance on repositioning (including tummy-time) and practitioner-led stretching were low risk, potentially helpful and inexpensive interventions for parents to consider. Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO 2019 CRD42019139074. © 2020 The Author(s)
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