1,721,504 research outputs found
Commentary on: Downes, S. (2004) Resource Profiles
Full text linkAbstract: In this response to Downes' very substantial article I can touch on only a few points. I have chosen to pass over the technical comments which might be made (e.g., concerns about reliability and availability with the proposed system of distributed resource descriptions, or praise for his honest criticism of the intelligent agent paradigm) and focus on pedagogical issues raised by his description of the possible future of educational technology. I will particularly focus on my own views of the role of humans in the automated, intelligent, semantic web future of educational technology.
Paper: Downes, S. (2004) Resource Profiles.
Editors: Terry Anderson and Denise Whitelock
Growth hormone release from synthetic polymeric blended with collagen or hyaluronic acid
No full textEmotions and War: Medieval to Romantic Literature
No full textLiterature records, remembers, and recreates war and war’s emotions in many forms: whether narrated by an eye-witness, a civilian, or one who contemplates conflict in the past, war is remembered through a wide range of literary texts, from narrative poems to personal letters and tomb inscriptions. The essays collected here explore the emotions of war in texts from the Middle Ages to the era of Romanticism, and in forms ranging from medieval chivalric biography to war correspondence in The Times. Brought together in this way, they show the impact of actual war experience on the literary production of emotions in the medieval and early modern periods. They illustrate how emotional life itself was – and continues to be - conceived and structured as part of human identity during wartime, in culturally and historically specific ways. By rejecting modern assumptions about the emotions of conflict, Emotions and War reveals the multifarious and discontinuous nature of historical emotions and emotional histories of wars past
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Collagen and hyaluronic acid polymeric blends as drug delivery systems for the release of physiological concentrations of growth hormone
No full textTwo synthetic polymers, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were blended, in different ratios, with two biological polymers, collagen (C) and hyaluronic acid (HA). These blends were used to prepare two different materials, sponges and hydrogels, which were loaded with growth hormone (GH). The GH released, was monitored in vitro using a specific enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent (ELISA) assay. The results show that GH is released in a dose-dependent manner, from HA/PAA sponges and from HA/PVA and C/PVA hydrogels. The amount of GH released was proportional to the percentage of the natural polymer (HA and C). The release of GH from HA/PAA sponges was constant with time, whereas in HA/PVA hydrogels it was linear for the first 3 days followed by a slower release. The GH release pattern in C/PVA hydrogels was different, with a slow release for the first 3 days followed by a more rapid release. The concentrations of GH released from the materials were within a physiological range and sufficient to have a local effect on cellular proliferation. The effects of GH were tested in vitro using primary human osteoblast-like cells (HOBS) and measuring cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a biochemical marker of HOB cell differentiation.
Two manmade polymers, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), were combined, in varying ratios, with two biological polymers, collagen (C) and hyaluronic acid (HA). These mixtures were applied to prepare different materials, sponges, and hydrogels, which were loaded with growth hormone (GH). GH release was measured and it was determined whether the rate of GH release from these media was enough to have a local effect on cellular growth. The effects of GH were evaluated in vitro using primary human osteoblast-like cells (HOBS) and measuring cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase, a biochemical marker of HOB cell differentiation
Osteoblast responses to collagen PVA bioartificial polymers in vitro: the effects of crosslinking method and collagen content
No full textA range of 'bioartificial' collagen/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends have been produced, cast as films and cross-linked using either glutaraldehyde or a dehydrothermal treatment (DHT). Films were used as substrates for the culture of osteoblast-like cells. The attachment, adhesion and proliferative responses of these cells to the range of films were examined using proliferation assays, light, electron and confocal microscopy. There was an inverse relationship between collagen content of gluataraldehyde cross-linked films and the extent of cell proliferation on them. A cytotoxicity assay demonstrated no toxic effect related to increasing collagen content. The greatest differences in cell responses observed were associated with the choice of cross-linking method. Films cross-linked with glutaraldehyde showed variation related to collagen content in cell adhesion, proliferation and morphology. Such differences were not apparent with the DHT cross-linked films. Collagen/PVA 'bioartificial' films can be dehydrothermally cross-linked to increase biological stability and reduce water solubility. The method of cross-linking employed is the greater influence in determining osteoblast compatibility with these materials. The DHT cross-linking method is a preferable alternative to the use of glutaraldehyde. Collagen/PVA bioartificial films cross-linked by the DHT method have shown potential for biocompatibility with osteoblasts.
A range of `bioartificial' collagen/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends have produced, cast as using been films and cross-linked either glutaraldehyde or a dehydrothermal treatment (DHT). Films were used as substrates for the culture of osteoblast-like cells. The attachment, adhesion and proliferative responses of these cells to the range of films were examined using proliferation assays, light, electron and confocal microscopy. There was an inverse relationship between collagen content of glutaraldehyde cross-linked films and the extent of cell proliferation on them. A cytotoxicity assay demonstrated no toxic effect related to increasing collagen content. The greatest differences in cell responses observed were associated with the choice of cross-linking method. Films cross-linked with glutaraldehyde showed variation related to collagen content in cell adhesion, proliferation and morphology. Such differences were not apparent with the DHT cross-linked films. Collagen/PVA `bioartificial' films can be dehydrothermally cross-linked to increase biological stability and reduce water solubility. The method of cross-linking employed is the greater influence in determining osteoblast compatibility with these materials. The DHT cross-linking method is a preferable alternative to the use of glutaraldehyde. Collagen/PVA bioartificial films cross-linked by the DHT method have shown potential for biocompatibility with osteoblasts
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