196,423 research outputs found
Comparison and Mapping Facilitate Relation Discovery and Predication
No full textRelational concepts play a central role in human perception and cognition, but little is known about how they are acquired. For example, how do we come to understand that physical force is a higher-order multiplicative relation between mass and acceleration, or that two circles are the same-shape in the same way that two squares are? A recent model of relational learning, DORA (Discovery of Relations by Analogy; Doumas, Hummel & Sandhofer, 2008), predicts that comparison and analogical mapping play a central role in the discovery and predication of novel higher-order relations. We report two experiments testing and confirming this predictio
A symbolic-connectionist model of relation learning and visual reasoning
No full textHumans regularly reason from visual information, engaging in simple
object search in a scene to abstract mathematical thinking. In recent decades,
the field of machine learning has extensively focused on visual tasks with the
aim to model human visual reasoning. However, machine learning approaches
still do not match human performance on simple visual tasks such as the
Synthetic Visual Reasoning Test (SVRT; Fleuret et al. 2011). While this set of
tasks is trivial for humans to solve, the current state-of-the-art machine learning
algorithms struggle with the SVRT.
We argue that the reason for the difference in human reasoning and
machines’ performance in the SVRT is the ways humans and machines
represent the world and visual information specifically. We argue that humans
represent situations in terms of relations between constituent objects, and that
our representation of these relations is structured and symbolic. By
consequence, humans engage in operations that are not available for machine
systems that rely on non-structured representations. We hold that operations
over structured relational representations is what underlie phenomena such as
abstract visual reasoning and cross-domain generalisation.
The current work builds on the DORA (Discovery Of Relations by
Analogy; Doumas et al., 2008; 2022) model of relation learning. DORA learns
structured representations of magnitude relations from simple visual inputs.
Here we expand the model to learn more complex categorical relations (e.g.,
contains or supports) as compressions of simpler relations (e.g., above, in-contact), and develop a new method for identifying relevant relations over which
to perform reasoning from simple scenes. We embed the resulting model in a
pipeline for human visual reasoning consisting of successful psychological
models of object recognition and analogy making. The result is an end-to-end
system which is constrained as much as possible by what is known about the
processes and mechanisms of the cognitive system–from early vision to
learning complex relations and reasoning.
The model is tested within the context of the SVRT. The limitations of
the model and the directions for future research are discussed
Erectile dysfunction and adherence to antihypertensive therapy: Focus on β-blockers
No full textThe management of arterial hypertension is very challenging in everyday clinical practice. Blood pressure control rates remain disappointingly low, despite intense efforts. Poor adherence to antihypertensive treatment is among the main causes of inadequate blood pressure control. Among the various parameters leading to poor adherence, medication adverse events seem to be the prevailing cause of treatment discontinuation. Β-blockers are a class of drugs commonly used in the management of hypertension. However, β-blockers use has been associated with various adverse events, among which, erectile dysfunction is a prevalent one. Accumulating evidence supports the detrimental role of β-blockers on erectile function. Older studies have shown contradictory findings, which however may be attributed to methodological errors related with the assessment of erectile function. More recent studies, however, unveiled the negative impact of this drug category on erectile function. Nevertheless, β-blockers represent a class of drugs with substantial within class heterogeneity. Nebivolol presents a unique mode of action through enhanced nitric oxide bioavailability that may be associated with benefits on erectile function. Indeed, studies of nebivolol have shown improvement in erectile function, suggesting that nebivolol represents the only exception in this class of drugs in terms of erectile function
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Polarization transfer at 7.5 ��and 19.3 ��for ��H (d, p) D at 45.4 MeV
No full textTypescript (photocopy).The vector polarization transfer parameter K[y'y] for the 1H(d,p)D stripping reaction has been measured at 7.5�� and 19.3�� lab for an incident beam energy of 45.4 MeV. A helium polarimeter system was used to monitor the beam polarization and a carbon polarimeter assembly, located at the focal plane of a spectrograph, was used to determine the polarization of the reaction proton. The d-1H vector analyzing power for the tow angles of interest was also measured, as was the 36 MeV p-12C vector analyzing power. The results of the K[y'y] measurement help to complete an angular distribution in a region where two theoretical predictions disagree, placing new constraints on future theoretical calculations
Simulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
Intern experience at CH���M Hill, Inc.: an internship report
No full textIncludes author's vita"Submitted to the College of Engineering of Texas A&M University in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Engineering."Includes bibliographical referencesA review of the author's internship experience with CH���M HILL, Inc.
during the period September 1975 through May 1976 is presented. During this nine month
internship the author worked as an Engineer II in the Industrial Processes discipline of this
large consulting engineering firm... The author's prime responsibility was as one of three
lead design engineers on the design of a large wastewater treatment facility for a pulp mill
in Hoquiam, Washington owned by ITT Rayonier Inc. The work generally consisted of the design
of individual treatment units and associated piping and pumping. The purpose of the project
was to provide wastewater treatment capabilities that would satisfy the effluent limitations
(standards) imposed upon the mill by the State of Washington Department of Ecology and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The author's assignment also entailed necessary
interaction with the project manager and other CH���M HILL design engineers and support staff
members, the client's representatives, and representatives of two other consulting engineering
firms working on the project. Thus, the internship position at CH���M HILL provided considerable
experience coordinating the author's work with the work of other engineers, guiding the design
and administrative efforts of a support staff, and interacting regularly with the client and
other consulting firms. This broad exposure to a variety of engineering and organizational
problems provided a valuable educational experience
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