1,720,986 research outputs found
[Pharmacologic control of breathing]. FT Controllo farmacologico della ventilazione.
No full textRecent advances in respiratory neuropharmacology and neurophysiology have allowed the assessment of the effects of different drugs on the control of the ventilation both qualitatively (alterations of ventilatory pattern) and quantitatively (size and duration of the ventilatory and haemogasometric alterations). In the control mechanism of ventilation, the pharmacological intervention can act both on the respiratory input (basal metabolism, peripheral chemo-receptors, pulmonary receptors, bulbar neurons, cortical nervous system) and on the respiratory output (respiratory muscles). Based on personal experience in this field and the recent literature, the Authors briefly discuss the seat and the mechanism of action of the drugs with stimulating effect (respiratory analeptics, almitrines, progesterone, acetazolamide, salicylates, protriptyline, theophylline) and depressing effect (narcotics and narcotic-antagonists, anaesthetics, barbiturates and benzodiazepines) on the ventilation, as well as the role of the neurotransmitters and modulators. The clinical (positive and negative) effects of these drugs, particularly related to the patients with chronic lung disease, are also illustrated
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Linee Giuda Socientà Italiana di Endocrinologia, Associazione Italiana di Medicina Nucleare ed Imaging Molecolare, Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica: Trattamento e Follow up del Carcinoma Differenziato della Tiroide
No full textNuclear medicine in diagnosis, staging and follow-up of thyroid cancer
No full textDiagnostic strategy in thyroid cancer is conditioned by
epidemiological, pathophysiological, cost-effective issues
changing with age and countries. Nuclear medicine has
a role mainly in differentiated carcinomas, i.e. in the
large majority of thyroid cancers. In diagnosis of thyroid
nodule 99mTc-perthecnetate is indicated in patients with
low TSH levels, multinodular goiter, solid nodules at US
negative at FNA. Radiolabeled somatostatin analogs or
Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) can be used in suspicion
of medullary carcinoma. There is no role in staging.
WBS with 131I has a role after surgical resection of the
thyroid gland and it is no more suggested before ablative
therapy, because of the possible stunning effect. In the
follow-up thyroglobulin (Tg) test is mandatory both
after therapy withdrawal or after rhTSH administration.
Some authors already suggest to use this test alone, as 1st
step, in patients with differentiated carcinoma at low risk
of recurrence, but this approach is not yet generally
accepted and it has not yet been validated in tumors at
intermediate/high risk. WBS with 131I is ever indicated
when autoantibodies can affect reliability of Tg values
and in presence of high Tg levels to better define a
radiometabolic therapy. In case of negative WBS, PETFDG
can be proposed. In WBS, 123I can be an alternative
to 131I , but it is not yet generally accepted mainly because
of its higher costs. The clinical use of rhTSH to increase
accuracy both of Tg and WBS can be already accepted in
patients at high risk following hypothyroidism, with a
worst prognosis or a low pituitary response
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