1,720,980 research outputs found
Trends in Global Gender Inequality (Forthcoming, Social Forces).
Get PDFThis study investigates trends in gender inequality for the world as a whole. Using data encompassing a large majority of the world's population, we examine world trends over recent decades for key indicators of gender inequality in education, mortality, political representation, and economic activity. We find that gender inequality is declining in virtually all major domains, that the decline is occurring across diverse religious and cultural traditions, and that population growth is slowing the decline because populations are growing faster in countries where there is the greatest gender inequality.This is a manuscript of an article published as Dorius, Shawn F., and Glenn Firebaugh. "Trends in global gender inequality." Social Forces 88, no. 5 (2010): 1941-1968. doi: 10.1353/sof.2010.0040
Chinese and world cultural models of developmental hierarchy
Get PDFPrior research on cultural models of developmental hierarchy finds broad cross-national agreement among publics about the rank ordering of societies on perceived level of development, based on an omnibus measure of development. In this research, I use a multidimensional index of world hierarchy derived from subjective evaluations of a large number of national attributes to explore dimensionality in Chinese perceptions of global hierarchy. Statistical analysis show that the data exhibit over time stability and strong association with objective measures of development and with alternate subjective measures of world hierarchy. Irrespective of the national attributes evaluated, Chinese respondents produced a very similar rank-ordering of countries on each of six different indexes. The Chinese model of world hierarchy shows broad overlap with the global hierarchy produced by raters from 19 other surveyed publics. Notable differences between Chinese and world cultural models of hierarchy include especially negative views of Japan, South Korea, Indonesia and India among Chinese respondents, and unusually favorable opinions of Russia, relative to the ratings of these countries by other publics. Analyses also show that respondents from 19 societies ranked China higher on the cultural dimension than on any other dimension but ranked the Chinese government lower than all but one country. Results suggest that scales based on an omnibus subjective measure of developmental hierarchy and indexes based on subjective ratings of national attributes produce a similar world hierarchy of nations.This is a manuscript of an article published as Dorius, Shawn F. "Chinese and world cultural models of developmental hierarchy." Chinese Journal of Sociology 2, no. 4 (2016): 577-608. doi:10.1177/2057150X16670832. Posted with permission.</p
Developmental Idealism in Internet Search Data
Get PDFScholarship on developmental idealism demonstrates that ordinary people around the world tend to perceive the level of development and the specific characteristics of different countries similarly. We build on this literature by examining public perceptions of nations and development in internet search data, which we argue offers insights into public perceptions that survey data do not address. Our analysis finds that developmental idealism is prevalent in international internet search queries about countries. A consistent mental image of national development emerges from the traits publics ascribe to countries in their queries. We find a positive relationship between the sentiment expressed in autocomplete Google search queries about a given country and its position in the global developmental hierarchy. People in diverse places consistently associate positive attributes with countries ranked high on global development indices and negative characteristics with countries ranked low. We also find a positive correlation between the number of search queries about a country and the country's position in indices of global development. These findings illustrate that ordinary people have deeply internalized developmental idealism and that this informs their views about countries worldwide.This article is published as Dorius, Shawn F., and Jeffrey Swindle. "Developmental Idealism in Internet Search Data." Sociology of Development 5, no. 3 (2019): 286-313. doi: 10.1525/sod.2019.5.3.286. Posted with permission.</p
Sowing the seeds of skepticism: Russian state news and anti-GMO sentiment
Get PDFBiotech news coverage in English-language Russian media fits the profile of the Russian information warfare strategy described in recent military reports. This raises the question of whether Russia views the dissemination of anti-GMO information as just one of many divisive issues it can exploit as part of its information war, or if GMOs serve more expansive disruptive purposes. Distinctive patterns in Russian news provide evidence of a coordinated information campaign that could turn public opinion against genetic engineering. The recent branding of Russian agriculture as the ecologically clean alternative to genetically engineered foods is suggestive of an economic motive behind the information campaign against western biotechnologies.This article is published as Dorius, Shawn F., and Carolyn J. Lawrence-Dill. "Sowing the seeds of skepticism: Russian state news and anti-GMO sentiment." GM crops & food (2018): 1-6. doi: 10.1080/21645698.2018.1454192.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
An approach to the evaluation of recovery community organizations
Get PDFProgram evaluation is a crucial process that involves the systematic assessment of programs with the aim of improving social conditions and promoting individual and collective well-being. By conducting evaluations, we can effectively demonstrate the effectiveness of social programs, which in turn influences program decision-making, shapes public policy related to the program's social focus, and often serves as justification for ongoing support and funding.
Currently, there is a scarcity of published program evaluations specifically focusing on recovery-oriented systems of care and peer recovery support services offered within Recovery Community Centers (RCCs). To address this gap, a series of evaluations have been proposed. These evaluations include a process evaluation that was initially developed for the Iowa Recovery Community Center Project under the Iowa Department of Health and Human Services, as well as subsequent follow-up evaluations.
An outcome evaluation has been designed to be conducted when the Recovery Community Centers have been operational for approximately three years and can generate data to substantiate their expected outcomes. Furthermore, an impact evaluation has been devised to assess the functioning of the Recovery Community Centers after five or more years of delivering peer-delivered recovery support services.
These evaluation frameworks are based on existing research that supports the benefits of peer-delivered recovery support services in various settings such as clinical treatment, emergency rooms, and jail diversion programs. Additionally, insights and best practices from the Connecticut Community for Addiction Recovery (CCAR) were consulted to inform the evaluation process for Recovery Community Centers.
The primary purpose of developing these evaluations is to assess the Iowa RCCs network comprehensively, with the aspiration that they can serve as a model for other networks and contribute to the standardization of RCC evaluation practices. Given the significance and growth of these invaluable resources, it is essential to conduct ongoing evaluation to gauge their implementation and outcomes effectively
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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