102 research outputs found
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Arab Jews, Mizrahi studies and Shimon Ballas' Outcast
No full texttextThis report examines the novel Outcast by Israeli author Shimon Ballas and its themes in respect to the prominent debates in the field of Mizrahi studies. It discusses the prominent scholars who deal with the history of Arab Jews in Israel and Mizrahi studies in general. It examines these issues both in the scholarship and literature and posits that each adds to and complicates the debate. The discussion also includes the treatments of Arab Jews in modern Zionist discourse and the history of Mizrahi political and scholarly activity in Israel.Middle Eastern Studie
The Textual Space Najati Sidky’s Novel of Shimon Bouzaglo as a Model
No full textThe study aims at highlighting the text’s public sphere of the shot story “Shimon Bouzaglou” by Najati Sidki, which depicts several artistic dimensions that include both the open sphere of the text and the place. It also shows how the text’s sphere converges with the political, psychological, economical and socio-cultural spheres. Although short, the story’s text comprises a fertile ground for several interpretations. It resembles a portrait that carries several questions related to Shimon the beggar and to the character of the Sephardic Jews. Also, it has to do with a proportion of people who go through a double personality ruptured between psychological greed and societal oppression.
The study begins by analyzing the title, which does not refer to an attribute or a name of a certain author. However, mentioning and reading texts with their titles represent a cultural status for listeners, and an important state of communication , especially if a considerable number of listeners come to an agreement in recognizing a certain title. Thus, the title Shimon Buzaglo provides the opportunity towards a multiple visions and interpretations vis-à-vis the Jewish situation and how it is viewed by Palestinians.
The study includes different approaches about the beginning of the text that is related to the place. It refers the reader to a destitute neighborhood known as the Tanak neighborhood whose houses are built of wood, old shingles, and interlocking houses to protect residents from rain and wind in winter, and to bring them shade and cold in summer. These of course are signs of misery and destitution. The beginning of the text plays a bridge to cross between the title “Shimon Buzaglo” and the bulk of the text in terms of both the layout and context.
The study also addresses other narrative elements of the novel in terms of time, place and characters, as well as their contextual, cultural and interpretive implications pertaining to history, thought and daily events
Economic utopia of the Torah. Economic concepts of the Hebrew Bible interpreted according to the Rabbinical Literature
No full textHebrew Bible offers alternative Economic utopia for building Theocratic society. In this paper, various economic concepts and themes are presented, as found in the Hebrew Bible. These economic concepts include taxation, property rights, labor market, social policy, banking, years of Sabbath and Jubilee, and business cycles. Most economic issues of the Bible are found in the texts of Torah, also known as five Books of Moses. These texts are analyzed by using classical Rabbinical commentaries for better insight. Contrary to the modern Economic theory which is based on the assumptions of scarcity of resources and unlimited needs of consumers, Economics of the Torah is based on God’s resources which are enough for all true needs of His people.Hebrew Bible, History of Economics, History of Economic Thought, Ancient Israel, Judaism
Weisheit von Sirach
No full text"Ben Sira, wisdom of (also called Ecclesiasticus), a work of the Apocrypha, which, though usually known by this name, may have been called by its author, "The Words of Simeon b. Jeshua," the title found on the Hebrew fragments" (Encyc. Judaica, CD-Rom Ed., 1997)Erscheinungsjahr nach Vorlage: 279 [i.e. 1519]Ben Sira folgen noch eine Reihe anderer Abhandlungen cf. Steinschneider p. 203 No. 1363. Die wichtigsten NZ!Siehe auch Karl Heinz Burmeister, Sebastian Münster, in: Basler Beiträge zur Geschichtswissenschaft, Bd. 91, 1963, S. 8
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Jewish and Israeli Law - An Introduction /
No full textThis book provides a concise introduction to the basics of Jewish law. It gives a detailed analysis of contemporary public and private law in the State of Israel, as well as Israel's legal culture, its system of government, and the roles of its democratic institutions: the executive, parliament, and judiciary. The book examines issues of Holocaust, law and religion, constitutionalization, and equality. It is the ultimate book for anyone interested in Israeli Law and its politics. Authors Shimon Shetreet is the Greenblatt Professor of Public and International Law at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. He is the President of the International Association of Judicial Independence and World Peace and heads the International Project of Judicial Independence. In 2008, the Mt. Scopus Standards of Judicial Independence were issued under his leadership. Between 1988 and 1996, Professor Shetreet served as a member of the Israeli Parliament, and was a cabinet minister under Yitzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres. He was senior deputy mayor of Jerusalem between 1999 and 2003. He was a Judge of the Standard Contract Court and served as a member of the Chief Justice Landau Commission on the Israeli Court System. The author and editor of many books on the judiciary, Professor Shetreet is a member of the Royal Academy of Science and Arts of Belgium. Rabbi Walter Homolka PhD (King's College London, 1992), PhD (University of Wales Trinity St. David, 2015), DHL (Hebrew Union College, New York, 2009), is a full professor of Modern Jewish Thought and the executive director of the School of Jewish Theology at the University of Potsdam (Germany). The rector of the Abraham Geiger College (since 2003) is Chairman of the Leo Baeck Foundation and of the Ernst Ludwig Ehrlich Scholarship Foundation in Potsdam. In addition, he has served as the executive director of the Masorti Zacharias Frankel College since 2013.The author of "Jüdisches Eherecht" and other publications on Jewish Law holds several distinctions: among them the Knight Commander's Cross of the Austrian Merit Order and the 1st Class Federal Merit Order of Germany. In 2004, President Jacques Chirac admitted Rabbi Homolka to the French Legion of Honor
Войны, демоны и амбиции Бабьего Яра
No full textFor many years and decades, the need for a memorial center at the Babyn Yar ravine in Kyiv has been discussed. On September 29-30, 1941, Nazi German Sonderkommando forces and local collaborators had murdered 33,771 Jews in the ravine. In 2016, the Ukrainian government announced together with an International Supervisory Board its intention to create an official Babyn Yar Holocaust Memorial Center (BYHMC) on the grounds of the massacre. Since then, the political and historiographical mandate, the building, the historical narrative and the artistic concept to be developed, as well as the future Center's scholarly and artistic staff have been hotly disputed. Russia's aggression against Ukraine since 2014 and even more so Russia's war against Ukraine in February 2022, which included repeated air strikes on Ukraine's capital, made the further development and operation of the BYHMC difficult and partly impossible, last but not least for all practical purposes. The Center was officially founded and began its operations at the eightieth anniversary of the Babyn Yar massacre in September 2021. However, the memorial complex itself still had to be built.
The present translation of an article by Shimon Briman analyzes a particular debate that surrounded the development plans for the memorial project in Kyiv at that time. The author sheds light on how the initially envisaged financial involvement of Russian businessmen in the project, whose relatives include Ukrainian-Jewish Holocaust victims, caused the ongoing debate to become much more complex and heated against the backdrop of Russia's intention and actions to destroy Ukraine as an independent state. The original Russian-language article was first published in 2020 as "Voyny, demony i ambitsii Babyego yara" in the Russian Jewish magazine "Evreyskiy zhurnal" (Jewish Magazine) 6/5782 (15 May 2020), pp. 20-29, online accessible at: https://jewishmagazine.ru/articles/community/voyny-demony-
i-ambitsii-babego-yara/ (last accessed 15 December 2024).
Shimon Briman is a Ukrainian-Israeli historian and journalist. He currently serves as head of the East European Desk at the University of Haifa, Israel. The article was translated in 2020 and edited in 2024 by Nicolas Dreyer, Institute of Slavic Studies, Otto Friedrich University, Bamberg, Germany. A retrospective reading in 2024 necessitated an adaptation of the tenses employed in the original essay
Town and country in the southern Carmel: Report on the Landscape Archaeology Project at Dor (LAPD)
No full textThis report deals with the results of a project of landscape archaeology in the hinterland of Tel Dor (Tanturah) in the northern coastal plain of Israel. An introduction to previous research made in the region is followed by a description of the survey methods employed during the project and the characteristics of the five geographical subunits investigated (Zones I–V) The patterning of settlement remains and the chronology of landscape features forms the main part of the article, with information on changes occurring in the Dor landscape from the Chalcolithic through to Ottoman periods. Brief mention is made regarding groups of features examined, such as wells, cisterns, aqueducts, fields, oil presses, wine presses, columbaria, quarries and burial caves. Reports are given on the pottery from the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age I, the Middle Bronze Age IIA, and the Roman and Byzantine periods. Appendices also deal with Chalcolithic basalt vessels, Hellenistic stamped amphora handles, Ottoman copper lids and a nineteenth-century Arabic inscription from Tanturah
Astrocyte immunometabolic regulation of the tumour microenvironment drives glioblastoma pathogenicity
No full textAbstract
Malignant brain tumours are the cause of a disproportionate level of morbidity and mortality among cancer patients, an unfortunate statistic that has remained constant for decades. Despite considerable advances in the molecular characterization of these tumours, targeting the cancer cells has yet to produce significant advances in treatment. An alternative strategy is to target cells in the glioblastoma microenvironment, such as tumour-associated astrocytes. Astrocytes control multiple processes in health and disease, ranging from maintaining the brain’s metabolic homeostasis, to modulating neuroinflammation. However, their role in glioblastoma pathogenicity is not well understood. Here we report that depletion of reactive astrocytes regresses glioblastoma and prolongs mouse survival. Analysis of the tumour-associated astrocyte translatome revealed astrocytes initiate transcriptional programmes that shape the immune and metabolic compartments in the glioma microenvironment. Specifically, their expression of CCL2 and CSF1 governs the recruitment of tumour-associated macrophages and promotes a pro-tumourigenic macrophage phenotype. Concomitantly, we demonstrate that astrocyte-derived cholesterol is key to glioma cell survival, and that targeting astrocytic cholesterol efflux, via ABCA1, halts tumour progression. In summary, astrocytes control glioblastoma pathogenicity by reprogramming the immunological properties of the tumour microenvironment and supporting the non-oncogenic metabolic dependency of glioblastoma on cholesterol. These findings suggest that targeting astrocyte immunometabolic signalling may be useful in treating this uniformly lethal brain tumour.</jats:p
FINANCE RESEARCH SEMINAR SUPPORTED BY UNIGESTION "WHICH NEWS MOVES STOCK PRICES? A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS" WHICH NEWS MOVES STOCK PRICES? A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS 1
No full textAbstract A basic tenet of financial economics is that asset prices change in response to unexpected fundamental information. Since A basic tenet of financial economics is that asset prices change in response to unexpected fundamental information. Since Roll's (1988) provocative presidential address that showed little relation between stock prices and news, however, the finance literature has had limited success reversing this finding. This paper revisits this topic in a novel way. Using advancements in the area of textual analysis, we are better able to identify relevant news, both by type and by tone. Once news is correctly identified in this manner, there is considerably more evidence of a strong relationship between stock price changes and information. For example, market model R 2 s are no longer the same on news versus no news days (i.e., Roll's (1988) infamous result), but now are 16% versus 33%; variance ratios of returns on identified news versus no news days are 120% higher versus only 20% for unidentified news versus no news; and, conditional on extreme moves, stock price reversals occur on no news days, while identified news days show an opposite effect, namely a strong degree of continuation. A number of these results are strengthened further when the tone of the news is taken into account by measuring the positive/negative sentiment of the news story. 1 Corresponding author: Shimon Kogan, GSB 5.159, McCombs School of Business, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, B6600, Austin, TX 78712, Tel: +1 (512) 232-6839, email [email protected]. We would like to thank John Griffin and seminar participants at the University of Texas, Austin, and Stern NYU for their comments and suggestions
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Protective role of bone marrow cells in controlling alloreactivity
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