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Empty NASICON 타입 인산화물의 칼슘 이온 전지용 전극 소재로의 합성, 전기화학 및 구조적 특성에 대한 연구 논문
No full textCalcium-ion batteries;X-ray diffraction;cathode material;electrode materialThis paper documents the research on VNb(PO4)3, an Empty NASICON-type material, as a cathode active material for calcium ion batteries.
Calcium ion batteries, utilizing divalent calcium ions as charge carriers, have the potential for higher capacities compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries, which use monovalent lithium ions. Additionally, calcium resources are more abundant and cheaper than lithium resources, offering a cost-effective alternative.
However, there is a lack of high-performance cathode materials for calcium ion batteries. Among various materials, NASICON-type materials have shown promising performance. NaV2(PO4)3, a NASICON-type material studied for calcium ion batteries, exhibits good performance but faces issues due to the presence of sodium in its structure, requiring an activation process and limiting its capacity to accommodate a large amount of calcium.
In this paper, VNb(PO4)3, an unreported empty NASICON-type material, was investigated as a cathode material for calcium ion batteries. This material overcomes the limitations of traditional NASICON structures by eliminating sodium from its structure, thus showing improved performance.
The study of this Empty NASICON structure addresses the issues associated with NASICON-type materials. Further research using similar structures can potentially lead to the development of more efficient electrode materials for calcium ion batteries.
|본 논문은 Empty NASICON 타입의 물질인 VNb(PO4)3를 칼슘 이온 배터리 양극 활물질로 활용하여 연구한 내용을 수록하였다.
칼슘 이온 전지는 2가 이온인 칼슘 이온을 전하 전달 이온으로 이용하기 때문에 1가 이온인 리튬 이온을 사용하는 기존의 리튬 이온 전지보다 더 높은 용량을 가질 수 있는 잠재성을 가지고 있으며, 칼슘 자원은 매장량이 풍부하여 리튬 자원보다 가격이 저렴하기 때문에 가격 경쟁력을 높일 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다.
하지만 현재까지 칼슘 이온 배터리를 위한 우수한 성능의 양극 물질이 개발되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 여러 구조의 물질이 개발되어 있는데, 그중에서 NASICON 타입의 물질이 좋은 성능을 나타낸다. NASICON 타입의 물질 중에서 칼슘 이온 배터리 양극 물질로 연구된 NaV2(PO4)3는 좋은 성능을 나타내지만, 구조 내에 Na가 존재하기 때문에 actvation process를 요구하는 문제와 많은 양의 칼슘을 수용할 수 없는 문제를 가지고 있다.
본 논문에서는 이러한 NASICON 구조 물질의 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 지금까지 보고된 적 없는 empty NASICON 타입의 물질인 VNb(PO4)3 칼슘 이온 양극 활물로서 연구하였다. 해당 물질은 구조 내에 Na가 존재하지 않아 기존의 물질이 가지고 있던 문제점을 해결하여 더 우수한 성능을 보였다.
이 연구에서 empty NASICON 구조의 물질을 연구하여 NASICON구조 물질에서 발생할 수 있는 문제를 해결하였기 때문에, 이와 비슷한 구조를 갖는 다른 물질을 이용하여 더 연구를 진행한다면 더 좋은 성능을 가진 칼슘 이온 전지의 전극 물질을 개발할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.Ⅰ. Introduction 1
1.1 Importance of Calcium-ion batteries (CIBs) 1
1.2 Research strategy of CIBs 2
ⅠI. Empty NASICON-type materials 4
2.1 NASICON-type materials· 4
2.1.1 NASICON-type materials for CIBs cathode · 4
2.1.2 NaV2(PO4)3 for CIBs cathode 4
2.1.3 Problems of NaV2(PO4)3 6
2.2 Empty NASICON-type materials 7
ⅠII. VNb(PO4)3 : Empty NASICON-type materials for CIBs cathode 9
3.1 Introduction of VNb(PO4)3 9
3.2 Experimental 10
3.2.1 Synthesis 10
3.2.2 Material characterization 11
3.2.3 Computational method 11
3.2.4 Electrochemical characterization 12
3.2.5 Structural analysis 13
3.3 Result and discussion 13
3.4 Conclusion 18
Figures 19
References 39DoctordCollectio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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