1,721,577 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
급성 자외선 유발 염증반응에서 Toll-like receptor 2 경로의 역할
No full textToll-like receptor (TLR) plays a crucial role linking innate and adaptive immune responses. In response to various exogenous and endogenous stimuli, TLR signaling elicits complex but tightly regulated immune response to protect the host and maintain tissue integrity. Ultraviolet light (UV) irradiation on skin causes acute inflammatory responses as well as the development of chronic photodamage and skin cancers, and triggers various immune responses. However, the role of TLR2 signaling in UV-induced inflammation has not been elucidated so far. A single dose of UV irradiation induced the transient up-regulation of TLR2 in mouse and human skin in vivo, as well as in human epidermal cell line HaCaT in vitro. Moreover, UV-induced TLR2 interacted with its adapter protein myeloid differentiation primary-response protein 88 (MyD88) or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in vivo. Mice with deficient TLR2 (TLR2 KO) showed enhanced UV-induced inflammatory responses, compared with wild-type (WT) counterparts. TLR2 KO mice showed significantly increased epidermal and dermal thickness as well as skin fold thickness, accompanied by an increase of Ki-67 (+) proliferative cells, compared with WT mice. The production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)13, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CXCL1, and UV-induced apoptosis was significantly augmented in TLR2 KO mice. Moreover, primary keratinocytes isolated from TLR2 KO mice were more susceptible to UV-induced apoptosis. Of particular interest, UV-irradiated TLR2 KO mice showed significantly less production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and SOCS3, and of relevant Foxp3, RANKL, and RALDH2 than WT mice, suggesting the role of regulatory T cells in this process. This aggravation of UV-induced inflammation is at least in part attributed to higher extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 activation and impaired Akt/GSK3β pathways. Subsequent preconditioning experiments using TLR2 ligands at 24 hr before UV irradiation revealed that, surprisingly, pretreatment of TLR1/2 ligand Pam3CSK4, but not lipoteichoic acid, significantly reduced UV-induced inflammation in vivo. Taken together, this study provides an in vivo experimental evidence that UV-induced TLR2 signaling protects against acute UV-induced inflammation.Docto
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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