25 research outputs found
The problem of the „male“ language (on works by Miglena Nikolchina and Irena Ivanova)
Full text linkThe paper is devoted to the problem of the „male“ language which can be found in the works of two Bulgarian poets – Miglena Nikolchina and Irena Ivanova (better known by her pseudonym Rene Karabaš). The author associates them with the change that happens in literary criticism and the literary production itself after the 1990s. The author considers the synthesis of poetry and prose, poetry and theory as an intertextual „dialogue” through which is possible to analyze the texts of both poets. Thematically, the article focuses on the ways in which the woman gains „a right to have a voice“ rejecting her gender to take up the poet’s word and on how man appears to be a „quotation” in their works
APPLICATION OF GARDNER’S THEORY FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE SENSOR ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS FROM MU-SOFIA
No full textHernia meshes – problems and solutions
No full textАдрес за кореспонденция: Миглена Кирилова-Донева, ФФ, МУ, ул. Дунав № 2, 1000 София, e-mail: [email protected] ***** Address for correspondence: Miglena Kirilova-Doneva, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 2 Dunav, St., Bg – 1000 Sofi a,
e-mail: [email protected]Резюме. Хернията е социалнозначимо заболяване, което води до големи икономически разходи. Годишно в САЩ се
извършват 750 000 операции на херния, които са сред петте най-чести операции в тази страна. В Германия ежегодно
се регистрират по 150 000 (0,4%) нови случая на ингвинална херния, а делът на херниотомията е около 10-15% от
всички операции. В Русия 3-4% от населението страда от хернии. Настоящото проучване представя анализ на про-
блемите и решенията при избор на херниални платна, които следва да се имат предвид от хирурзите и работещите в
тази област. Разгледани са значението на характеристиките на херниалните платна, основните проблеми при опера-
циите на херния, които са различните видове усложнения, реоперациите и леталният изход. Херниалните платна се
подбират само по здравина и размер, а липсва съгласуваност според тяхната еластичност и деформируемост, което
причинява концентрация на напреженията по шевовете. В заключение може да се каже, че поради липса на описание
на техническите характеристики на платната върху опаковките им се налага създаване на регистър, описващ тези
характеристики, което налага изследването на механичните свойства на всяко платно, предлагано за имплантиране в клиничната практика. ***** Summary. Hernia is a socially important disease leading to huge economic cost. There are 750 000 surgical operations in the
USA. In Germany are registered yearly 150 000 (0,4%) new cases of inguinal hernia, and 10-15% of all operations are herniatomies.
In Russia 3-4% of the population suffers from hernia. The current study described the analysis of the problems and possible solutions
for choice of hernia meshes that should be taken in consideration from surgeons. It was reviewed the importance of the meshes
characteristics, main problems during hernia surgery, complications, reoperations and lethality. Hernia meshes are selected only on
the basis of their shape and heaviness, and there is a lack of consistency regarding their elasticity and deformation, that could lead to
pressure over surgery. In conclusion it could be said that due to the lack of clarity for technical characteristics of hernia meshes over
their packages is necessary to be created patients registry, describing the characteristics for every particular patient and each device.Настоящата публикация е осъществена с по-
мощта на Договор 36/2015 г. със Съвета по медицинска наука към Медицински университет – София
Comparison of pre- and post-implantation mechanical behavior of composite hernia meshes
No full textImplantation of synthetic meshes provokes complications which require long-lasting follow-up. The mesh materials exposed to physiological conditions demonstrate differences in failure load, stiffness and extension. Mechanical alterations of explants made of polyester were investigated using a uni-axial tensile test and a relaxation test. The tensile strength of the explanted meshes changed in the transversal direction. The elastic modulus in the same direction increased two times. A magnified mesh image displayed mesh alteration. The relaxation tests revealed that the initial stress decreases after implantation while the reduction of stress increases in the interval 50%-96.6%
Generics and fixed-dose combinations in cardiology: satisfaction analysis of pharmacists and cardiologists
No full textThe purpose of the study was to investigate doctors' and pharmacists' satisfaction with generic medicines and fixed-dose combinations in cardiology by applying the principles of the tetra-class analysis. The questionnaire was distributed among physicians and pharmacists to evaluate their satisfaction with important medicines' characteristics by classifying them in tetra-class groups. The principles of correspondence analysis were used as statistical methodology. The opinion of both cardiologists and pharmacists coincided in 8 out of the 28 elements of all generic medicines' and fixed-dose combinations' characteristics of satisfaction which were included in the questionnaire. The positive evaluation was more distinctive for doctors, whereas pharmacists were found to be slightly more negatively predisposed, which means that they have a higher risk of being dissatisfied. The tetra-class analysis was found to be suitable for the evaluation of satisfaction with generic medicines and fixed-dose combinations in cardiology. It allowed classification of their characteristics, based on their importance for pharmacists and physicians. The results showed that the opinions of doctors and pharmacists differed. Doctors were more satisfied with generic medicines, whereas the satisfaction with fixed-dose combinations was high in both groups of health care specialists
Medication Adherence among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Its Related Factors—A Real-World Pilot Study in Bulgaria
No full textBackground and Objectives: The objective is to evaluate medication adherence level (MA) and the relevant determinants of MA among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) monitored in ambulatory settings by general practitioners. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with T2DM monitored in a GP practice in Sofia, Bulgaria (September–December 2022). All patients were interviewed according to a predesigned questionnaire after granting informed consent. MA level was evaluated through the Morisky–Green four-item questionnaire, and health-related quality of life was evaluated by EQ-5D-5L and VAS (visual analogue scale). Data were aggregated and statistically evaluated. Results: The total number of observed patients was 93. Around 48.4% of patients were female, and 90.3% of patients were between 50 and 80 years of age. Multimorbidity was identified among 70% (n = 65) of the respondents. High and medium levels of MA were revealed in 64.51% and 33.3% of respondents, respectively. Patients treated with insulin secretagogues were most adherent to the therapy (n = 83.3%) in comparison with the other treatment groups. The onset of the disease, professional status, age, gender, number of therapies, and quality of life did not affect the level of MA (p > 0.05). VAS scores among nonsmokers (VAS = 63.16 ± 20.45 vs. 72.77 ± 14.3) and non-consumers of alcohol (VAS = 63.91 ± 19.34 vs. VAS = 72.54 ± 15.98) were statistically significant lower (p < 0.05). A significant related factor for MA was years lived with diabetes (OR = 3.039, 95% CI 1.1436–8.0759, p = 0.0258). The longer the disease duration, the more the odds for a high MA level increased. Conclusions: The number of nonadherent diabetic patients in Bulgaria is low, which might be evidence of patients’ concern about their own health and understanding about the importance of prescribed therapy. Further comprehensive study with additional patients is required to confirm the results and investigate the predicting factors for a high level of MA
Pilot Study on the Cost of Some Oncohematology Diseases in Bulgaria
Full text linkThe goal of the current study is to perform a pilot study of the cost of some oncohematology diseases in Bulgaria. This is a pilot broader burden of disease research. The official report of the National health insurance fund provided information about the total expenditures paid for medicines, ambulatory services, and hospitalizations in 2015 and 2016. To evaluate the costs from a patient perspective, an internet inquiry was organized with the support of the patient organization. The inquiry contained questions regarding the patients' demography, type of oncohematology disease, year of diagnosis, quality of life (EuroQol v5D), and additional out of pocket expenditures. Quality of Life data were statistically analyzed and Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance was performed. From 2015 to 2016 the number of patients with oncohematological diseases decreased by approximately 3000 people. Less than 30% were hospitalized and the hospitalization cost decreased, but the cost for medicines increased by nearly 1.5 million Euros. Cost for medicines almost tripled the hospitalization cost. The reported mean quality of life was 0.749 (SD 0.203). There was positive correlation between QoL and current disease state (p = 0.008) and age (p = 0.025). 42% reported to have additional expenditures related to their oncohematology disease, 22% reported other expenditures (diet, change of everyday habits etc.) and 42% reported to have productivity loses due to loss of employment or change of work, 44% of the respondents reported additional payment for medicines for concomitant diseases. Thus, the total cost (public funds and patients) accounted for 37,708,764 Euro. Despite the high public expenditures, the indirect costs due to productivity loses are higher. Costs for medicines are higher than costs of inpatient treatment, but this tendency is observed in all European countries. The increases in the costs of medicines are compensated by reduced costs of hospitalization. Despite their higher costs, newer medicines are an effective and reasonable investment from a societal perspective. Currently the higher levels of copayment increase the burden on the patients
Opportunities For European And National Funding Forbulgarian Cultural, Creative And REcreative Business
Full text linkСтаття присвячена дослідженню та аналізу можливостей європейського та національного фінансування болгарського культурного, творчого та рекреаційного бізнесу. У цій статті автор досліджує різні можливості (як національні, так і європейські) для проектного фінансування культури та творчих
болгарських підприємств. Основна логіка полягає в тому, що як тільки економічний сектор (або сектори) оголошено стратегічним та пріоритетним, тоді для його розвитку слід передбачити спеціальний фінансовий механізм. Культура та креативний бізнес (ЦКБ) стали пріоритетом для Європейського Союзу, відповідно - для європейської економічної політики як однієї з реальних можливостей, яка може стати двигуном для решти секторів економіки. Це розуміння культури та творчого бізнесу цілком підходить для невеликої національної економіки, такою як Болгарія. Вивчено законодавчу та інституційну основу для культури та творчих галузей (ТПП). Виділено Інноваційну стратегію інтелектуальної спеціалізації Республіки Болгарія (2014-202), а також Національну програму розвитку: Болгарія 2020. Стаття узагальнює можливості європейського фінансування проектів від ТПП за двома основними точками зору - бізнесом та культурою. Автор підкреслює, що загалом болгарські малі та середні підприємства мають право представляти проектні пропозиції та пропонує спеціальні заходи для сприяння підприємництву, які можуть бути використані для розробки нової ідеї. Дослідження передбачає, що для болгарських організацій, що працюють у ТПП, європейські програми, якими керують безпосередньо з Брюсселя, менш зацікавлені, ніж ці програми, якими керує Софія. З іншого боку, Болгарія посідає на сьогодні 7 місце в реалізації плану Юнкер, що можна розглядати як крок у правильному напрямку для вивчення всіх можливостей для фінансування.The article is devoted to the exploring and analysis of the opportunities for European and National funding for Bulgarian cultural, creative and recreative business. In this article, the author explores different possibilities (both national and European) for project funding of culture and creative Bulgarian enterprises. The basic logic is that once an economic sector (or sectors) has been declared as strategic and priority, then special financial mechanism should be envisaged for its development. Culture and Creative Business (CCB) has become a priority for European Union, respectively – for European economy policy as one of the real opportunities which could act as an engine for the rest of the economic sectors. This understanding for Culture and Creative Business is entirely appropriate for small national economy such Bulgaria is. Legislative and institutional framework for Culture and Creative Industries (CCI) has been studied. Innovation Strategy for smart specialization of the Republic of Bulgaria (2014-202) as well as the National Development Programme: Bulgaria 2020 are highlighted. Thearticle generalizes the opportunities for European funding of projects from CCI by two main points of view - business and culture. The author emphasizes that in general, Bulgarian small and medium-sized enterprises are eligible to present project proposals and suggests the special activities to promote entrepreneurship, which could be used to developed new idea. The study assumes that for Bulgarian organizations working in the CCI, the European programmes managed directly from Brussels are less interested than these programmes which are managed from Sofia. On the other hand, Bulgaria takes 7th place so far in Junker’s plan implementation which is could be consider as a step in right direction to explore all opportunities for funding
