1,721,047 research outputs found
Do university patents have an impact on local innovative activities? Evidence from a large panel of regions from the United States and Europe
No full textThis paper investigates the connection between inventions by non-business organisations (NBOs) and those by businesses at local level in the U.S. and EU15 countries using patents as indicators of innovative activities. We find that patenting activity by businesses and NBOs tends to take place in the same regions, once controlled for other factors like size of the region. Second, co-location is stronger within individual technological fields, suggesting that the local connection between NBOs and business inventions is mainly technology specific rather than generic and coincidental. Third, co-location increased over time, between the early 1990s and the mid-2000s, possibly reflecting the impact of changes in government policy and the economic environment of innovation. Lastly, we propose a knowledge production function approach to assess the impact of NBO patenting on inventive entrepreneurship, taking into the account the pre-existing local level of innovation by the business sector and innovation spillovers from neighbouring regions. We find extensive evidence that regions where NBOs are more inventive are also those where more new inventive enterprises are established
Croissance endogène : les principaux mécanismes
No full textEndogenes Wachstum: die wichtigsten Mechanismen,
von Dominique Guellec.
Neuen Theorien zuf olge ist die bisher als exogen betrachtete Produktivitätssteigerung auf endogène Faktoren zurückzuführen. Die Verhaltensweisen der Wirtschaftssubjekte, insbesondere bei der Investition, haben nachhaltige Auswirkungen auf die Wachstumsrate der Produktion. Die Art der Investition kann variieren: physisches Kapital, Ausbildung, Forschung und Entwicklung usw. Aufgrund von Skalenerträgen, die bei der Herstellung der Produktionsfaktorenzw/nwufert konstant vorhanden sind, ist dieser Mechanismus immer möglich, der manchmal auch auf Externalitäten im Zusammenhang mit der Verbreitung von Wissen beruht.Endogenous Growth: The Main Mechanisms,
by Dominique Guellec.
New theories are endeavouring to render productivity progress endogenous. It was previously considered to be exogenous. The behaviour of agents, especially in investment, persistently affects the production growth rate. The content of investment varies to cover such items as physical assets, education and research and development. The mechanism is always made feasible by the presence of returns to scale that are at least constant in the production of output factors and sometimes relies on externalities linked to the diffusion of knowledge.Croissance endogène : les principaux mécanismes,
par Dominique Guellec.
De nouvelles théories visent à endogénéiser le progrès de la productivité, auparavant considéré comme exogène. Les comportements des agents, notamment d'investissement, ont des effets persistants sur le taux de croissance de la production. Le contenu de l'investissement peut varier : capital physique, éducation, recherche et développement... Le mécanisme est toujours permis par la présence de rendements d'échelle au moins constants dans la production des facteurs de production, et repose parfois sur des externalités liées à la diffusion du savoir.Crecimiento endógeno : mecanismos principales,
por Dominique Guellec.
Existen nuevas teorías que tienen por propósito endogeneizar el progreso de la productividad anteriormente considerado como endógeno. Los comportamientos de los agentes, y fundamentalrnente la inversión, tienen efectos persistentes sobre la tasa de crecimiento de la producción. El contenido de la inversión puede variar : capital físico, education, investigación y desarrollo. El mecanismo siempre está permitido por la presencia de rendimientos de escala que son, por lo menos, constantes en la producción de los factores de producción y se funda a veces en externalidades vinculadas con la difusión del saber.Guellec Dominique. Croissance endogène : les principaux mécanismes. In: Économie & prévision, n°106, 1992-5. Développements récents de la macro-économie. pp. 41-50
Financial Supervision and Policy Coordination in The EMU
Get PDFContents: 1. Jürgen von Hagen, Jean Pisani-Ferry - Forum Economique Franco-Allemand /Deutsch-Französisches Wirtschaftspolitisches Forum .... 1 -- 2. Jürgen von Hagen - The First Year of EMU ... 3 -- 3. Dominique Guellec - Economic Growth in Europe: Entering a New Era? ... 17 -- 4. Jean-Louis Guérin - Sixth French-German Economic Forum: Summary of the Proceedings ... 45 --
The worldwide count of priority patents: A new indicator of inventive activity
Get PDFThis paper describes a new patent-based indicator of inventive activity. The indicator is based on counting all the priority patent applications filed by a country’s inventors, regardless of the patent office in which the application is filed, and can therefore be considered as a complete ‘matrix’ of all patent counts. The method has the advantage of covering more inventions than the selective Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) or triadic family counts, while at the same time limiting the home-country bias of single-country-based indicators (inventors from a particular country tend to file in their own country). The indicator is particularly useful to identify emerging technologies and to assess the innovation performance of developing economies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Financial Supervision and Policy Coordination in The EMU
Get PDFContents: 1. Jürgen von Hagen, Jean Pisani-Ferry - Forum Economique Franco-Allemand /Deutsch-Französisches Wirtschaftspolitisches Forum .... 1 -- 2. Jürgen von Hagen - The First Year of EMU ... 3 -- 3. Dominique Guellec - Economic Growth in Europe: Entering a New Era? ... 17 -- 4. Jean-Louis Guérin - Sixth French-German Economic Forum: Summary of the Proceedings ... 4
Harmonizing and combining large datasets – An application to firm-level patent and accounting data
No full textThis paper discusses methods for the harmonization and combination of large-scale patent and trademarkdatasets with each other and other sources of data. Dictionary- and rule-based approaches to the consolidationof applicant names in patent data are presented and shown to have both benefits and drawbacks inisolation. We combine the two methods and develop a set of rules and dictionaries to consolidate European,Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) and US patent data with firm accounting data. The resulting dataencompass about 131,000 patent applicant names from 46 countries, covering 58.8 percent of EPOapplications and 50.6 percent of PCT applications by business organizations during the time periodfrom 1979 to 2008. For US data, the resulting dataset includes around 54,000 assignee names and51.3 percent of US granted patents during approximately the same time period
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