1,721,136 research outputs found
Senility
No full textSenility is a term used to describe a decline in an older adult’s physical and cognitive health. Like dementia, senility can cause changes in mental health, such as memory loss or a decline in judgment. But senility symptoms can also include physical changes such as:
Emerging role of microRNAs in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
No full textHepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Currently available curative options, such as surgery and transplantation, are not available to patients with advanced stages of disease. Among the potential new treatments being investigated are microRNA (miRNA)-based therapies. A number of preclinical studies have reported antitumor activities of miRNA mimics or anti-miRNA molecules. Optimal in vivo delivery of miRNA molecules is crucial to their action. To this end, significant progress has been made in the development of nanoparticles for in vivo delivery of miRNA molecules. Delivery of these molecules, alone or in combination with other drugs, promises to open new possibilities for therapeutic approaches to hepatocellular carcinoma
La valutazione alcologica nei pazienti affetti da cirrosi epatica ad eziologia alcolica candidati al trapianto ortotopico di fegato
No full textAllo scopo di raggiungere e mantenere la completa astinenza da bevande alcoliche, è necessario che i pazienti con cirrosi epatica alcolica sottoposti a trapianto ortotopico di fegato siano valutati e seguiti
prima e dopo il trapianto attraverso un approccio multidisciplinare. L’esperto di alcologia o alcologo presente all’interno delle equipè trapiantologiche ha il compito di effettuare una valutazione specifica
(alcologica) caratterizzata da: anamnesi, esame obiettivo, somministrazione di scale, valutazione dei parametri di laboratorio ed eventuale impostazione di un trattamento farmacologico (anti-astinenziale od anti-craving). Tuttavia, nei pazienti affetti da cirrosi epatica alcolica, il rischio di epato-tossicità limita notevolmente l’opzione farmacologica; il baclofene è l’unico approccio farmacologico che le linee guida dell’Associazione Europea per lo Studio del Fegato hanno recentemente indicato come sicuro ed efficace. Infine, la figura dell’alcologo deve partecipare al processo decisionale di inserimento in lista OLT ed al monitoraggio del paziente nella fase pre-OLT. Quindi, la stretta collaborazione con gli epatologi ospedalieri, con le U.O. di alcologia territoriali, con i servizi territoriali per le tossicodipendenze (Ser.T.), con la famiglia e con le associazioni (es: gruppi di auto-mutuo aiuto) risulta di fondamentale importanza
The serial position curve in a free recall test in subjects with probable dementia
No full textObjectives: The main aim of this research is to draw the serial position curve of subjects with probable dementia through a free recall test, in order to find out possible variations in the Primacy effect and Recency effect in comparison with normal subjects. A further aim is to observe the learning process through a sequence of five recalls of the same list. Methods: The observed sample is composed by 187 subjects, 103 with a probable dementia (Experimental Group or EG) and 84 normal (Checking Group or CG). All the subjects were administered with the Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test. The first free recall was used to draw the serial curve, whereas the sequence of five recalls was used to observe how the list was learnt by the subjects. The statistical analysis was done with SPSS for Windows. Results: In the free recall the CG's performance is better than the EG's in 8 items among 15; in particular the gap is deeper in the first 2 items (p < 0.05) and in the last 3 (P < 0.05). The sequence of five recalls shows that the Primacy and Recency effects are much more pronounced in the CG (p < 0.05) than in the EG (p < 0.05), although the difference between the two groups is much more marked in the Primacy effect. Conclusions: For what concerns both the free recall and the learning process, the subjects with probable dementia show a substantial decrease in the Primacy effect and a reduction, though less remarkable, in the Recency effect
Lumbar spinal canal stenosis: An early sign of amyloid transthyretin related amyloidosis
No full textAmyloid transthyretin-related amyloidosis (ATTR) onsets due to the extracellular multiorgan deposition of misfolded transthyretin, a serum protein that synthesizes mainly in the liver. Two different forms of the disorder have been identified to date, namely wild-type ATTR (wtATTR), previously referred to as “senile” since it was mainly diagnosed in the elderly; and an inherited ATTR (hAATR), caused by mutant transthyretin.
ATTR amyloidosis is often overlooked or misdiagnosed owing to its non-specific presentation.
Amyloid deposits can determine musculoskeletal manifestations, such as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS), or distal biceps tendon rupture (DBTR) several years before any cardiac manifestations, particularly in patients with wtATTR.
Cardiac manifestations of wtATTR (wtATTR-CA) include aortic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and hypertensive cardiomyopathy, although the cardiac signs and symptoms resemble those of other cardiovascular conditions of different etiology during the course of the disease [1].
We present radiological images of an 80-year-old man who had wtATTR-CA and LSCS. At the age of 65, he had had bilateral CTS. Ten years later, he began to report pain and loss of strength in the lower limbs mainly localized in the buttocks and quadriceps. Computed tomography (CT) of the spine showed a LSCS due to ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) considered to result from fibrous degeneration (Figure 1A). ATTR-CA was diagnosed (Figure 1C) four years later. Genetic investigations yielded a negative result for hATTR. Upon further investigation, spinal magnetic resonance imaging (Figures 1D, E) and a second CT scan of the spine (Figure 1B) showed significant LFH with narrowing of the spinal canal
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Visits of adolescents for acute alcohol intoxication to emergency departments in Northern Italy: natives and non-natives
No full textBackground: In Italy, although the number of foreign-born residents has grown exponentially, there are still few studies oriented to the alcohol misuse concerning the population of minors. Our objective was to describe characteristics of minors (natives and non-natives) admitted to the Emergency Departments (ED) following Alcohol Acute Intoxication (AAI) in Northern Italy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all the records of patients aged 12–17 years admitted from 2009 to 2017 to 11 EDs. Results: Out of 97,445 minors, we identified 554 AAI: 39.2% female, 22.7% non-natives, 21% reported illegal substance use. We highlight a quote of 5.7 AAI admissions every thousand ED admissions, rising over time, higher among males (6.2) and non-natives (8.4). The standardized rates per thousand residents were 1.29, higher among males and non-natives. The non-natives are distinguished by a higher percentage of male, of clients of homes for minors/protected center, of patients with psychiatric drugs use. Minors born in Latin America had the highest proportion of AAI admissions and the highest standardized rates. Conclusions: AAI is increasing among Italian adolescents, particularly in the non-native population, and it is associated with illegal substance use. Differences emerge among the non-natives on the basis of their country of birth
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