1,720,960 research outputs found
Stimuleren van schoolse taalvaardigheid bij rekenen
Get PDFHet is belangrijk dat aankomende leraren zich bewust zijn van de rol die taal speelt bij alle vakken en dat ze effectief kunnen handelen in uiteenlopende taalgerelateerde situaties. Thuis wordt taal anders gebruikt dan op school. Het taalregister dat van belang is bij alle vakken wordt schooltaal genoemd. Verschillende onderzoeken laten zien dat leerlingen die beter zijn in schooltaal ook beter presteren op school. Zo is schooltaal van wezenlijk belang bij de rekenontwikkeling van de leerlingen, bijvoorbeeld bij het leren van wiskundig redeneren. Leerlingen die van huis uit niet vertrouwd zijn met schooltaal, zijn afhankelijk van leraren die laten zien hoe ze deze taal in de klas moeten gebruiken.In het eerste deel van het onderzoek werd het schooltaalstimulerend gedrag van 27 leraren van de groepen 3 en 4 in het basisonderwijs onderzocht in 52 rekeninstructies. Daarbij werd zowel het schooltaalaanbod van de leraren onderzocht als hoe ze hun leerlingen tot begrip en productie van schooltaal stimuleerden. Geconcludeerd kon worden dat schooltaalstimulerend gedrag niet door alle leraren optimaal in de lespraktijk wordt ingezet. In het schooltaalaanbod van de leraren gebruikten de leraren vaak inhoudelijk specifieke taal, maar lieten ze weinig complexe schooltaalkenmerken zien op lexicaal en syntactisch niveau. Leraren hebben de neiging om zich in hun taalgebruik te veel aan de leerlingen aan te passen, met als gevolg dat de leerlingen niet alle schooltaalkenmerken krijgen aangeboden en deze dus ook niet kunnen leren herkennen en gebruiken. De belangrijkste aanbeveling naar aanleiding van dit onderzoek is daarom om leraren te stimuleren zich bewust te worden van de noodzaak leerlingen ook complexe taal aan te leren. Leraren kunnen ervoor zorgen dat hun complexe schooltaalaanbod door de leerlingen wordt begrepen door schooltaalstimulerende strategieën in te zetten. Alle strategieën kwamen voor, maar de variatie aan strategieën die de leraren toepassen is beperkt, de strategieën zijn nog veelal power down gericht en de aandacht voor het stimuleren van schooltaalproductie van de leerlingen is beperkt. Verder blijkt dat de kennis, attitude en eigen vaardigheid met betrekking tot schooltaal niet samenhangt met het inzetten van schooltaalstimulerende strategieën door de leraren.Het doel van het tweede deel van het onderzoek was om de kennis en inzichten rondom schooltaalstimulerend gedrag te verbinden met de verbetering van leraargedrag. Er werd op basis van ontwerpcriteria een interventie ontworpen voor pabostudenten, waarbij de nadruk werd gelegd op het inzetten van schooltaalstimulerende strategieën tijdens de rekeninstructie. De effectiviteit van de interventie werd onderzocht door gebruik te maken van het model van integratieve professionele groei. De resultaten lieten zien dat het ontwikkelde interventieprogramma een positieve invloed zou kunnen hebben op het schooltaalstimulerende gedrag van pabostudenten tijdens de rekeninstructie in hun stageklassen. Er werd vastgesteld dat de interventie effectiever was geweest als er beter aan bepaalde ontwerpcriteria was voldaan. Het vertonen van schooltaalstimulerend gedrag in de lespraktijk zou op de opleiding meer expliciet in de doelen kunnen worden opgenomen. De koppeling tussen schooltaal en wiskundig denken zou meer expliciet gemaakt kunnen worden. Daarbij is het van belang dat er sprake is van samenhang tussen de doelen, de toetsing en de leeractiviteiten. Studenten leren schooltaalstimulerend gedrag door het bewust in te zetten in de lespraktijk en vervolgens op hun handelen te reflecteren. Aandachtspunt voor de opleiding is hierbij om aandacht te besteden aan de schooltaalstimulerende strategieën die door de leraren en de studenten niet vanzelf en niet van elkaar geleerd kunnen worden, zoals ‘hardop denkend voordoen’ of ‘het maken van prikkelende opmerkingen’. Daarnaast moeten opleidingen ervan bewust zijn dat het leerproces soms verder gaat na afloop van een interventie zelf. De effectiviteit van een interventie kan niet altijd worden vastgesteld direct nadat zij afgelopen is, omdat het inslijpen van dergelijke routines meer tijd en aandacht vragen en studenten pas later in de opleiding zich de inhouden echt eigen maken.<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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