1,720,973 research outputs found
Barriers and facilitators to primary healthcare for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review
No full textBackground: globally, people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism experience health inequalities. Death occurs at a younger age and the prevalence of long-term morbidities is higher than in the general population. Despite this, their primary healthcare access rates are lower than the general population, their health needs are often unmet, and their views and experiences are frequently overlooked in research, policy, and practice. Aim: to investigate the barriers and facilitators reported by individuals with intellectual disabilities, autism, or both, and/or their carers, to accessing and utilising primary health care for their physical and mental health needs. Design & setting: an integrative review was undertaken, which used systematic review methodology. Method: electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Cochrane were searched for relevant studies (all languages) using a search strategy. Two researchers independently screened the results and assessed the quality of the studies. Results: sixty-three international studies were identified. Six main themes relating to barriers and facilitators emerged from an analysis of these studies. The main themes were: training; knowledge and awareness; communication; fear and embarrassment; involvement in healthcare decision-making; and time. All the themes were underpinned by the need for greater care, dignity, respect, collaborative relationships, and reasonable adjustments. Opposing barriers and facilitators were identified within each of the main themes. Conclusion: adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism experience several barriers to accessing and utilising primary health care. The findings highlight the reasonable adjustments and facilitators that can be implemented to ensure that these individuals are not excluded from primary health care
Stroke Nursing, 2nd Edition
No full textStroke Nursing is the leading guide for optimal stroke care, facilitating the provision of evidence-based practice across the stroke journey, and covering the sixteen elements of care outlined in the UK's Stroke-Specific Education Framework (SSEF).
Drawing from years of clinical and research experience, the authors provide practical guidance on the essential areas of stroke nursing, including stroke classification, stabilisation, thrombolysis and thrombectomy, rehabilitation and recovery, nutrition and oral care, palliative and long-term care, physical impairment management, and more.
Now in its second edition, this indispensable guide helps practitioners expand their knowledge, skills and competence in all areas of stroke nursing services.
•Adopts a practical and evidence-based approach to stroke management, exploring UK and international perspectives
•Authored by expert clinicians and leaders in the field of nursing practice, research and education
•Includes updated case studies and practice examples, expanded coverage of clinical application in practice, and new discussions of the knowledge and skills required by nurses
Stroke Nursing is essential reading for students of nursing and neuroscience, and is the definitive reference for practicing nurses and healthcare professionals caring for stroke patients
Improving healthcare for people with learning disabilities, autism or both: A co-produced research project
Full text linkStudy title: Improving healthcare for people with learning disabilities, autism or both: A co-produced research project.
Research aims: To identify the barriers and facilitators that people with learning disabilities and/or autism experience in accessing and or using healthcare for their general health.
Methods: Group discussions involving 23 people with learning disabilities and / or autism, supported by their carers, were held in January 2019
The tailoring and implementation of evidence-based multi-component weight management interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities who are obese: a whole systems approach
Full text linkAdults with intellectual disabilities in the UK are more likely to be obese than their non-disabled peers and are at risk of experiencing serious medical conditions such as heart disease, stroke and Type 2 diabetes. UK weight management guidance recommends multi-component weight management interventions, tailored for different population groups. The aim of this thesis was to explore how evidence-based multi-component weight management interventions can be tailored for adults with intellectual disabilities who are obese. The thesis comprised three phases.
Phase One included an integrative review of evidence-based multi-component weight management interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities; an exploration of theories used to underpin weight management interventions for this population; and a mapping exercise to investigate the extent of weight management service provision for adults with, and without, intellectual disabilities. The review found emerging evidence to suggest that multi-component weight management interventions can be tailored and are effective for adults with intellectual disabilities. However, the review identified few studies (n=5) and none of the identified studies explored this population’s views and experiences of such interventions. Phase One also found gaps in underpinning theories and insufficient service provision for this population.
Phase Two comprised three studies to explore participants’ views and experiences of the barriers and facilitators to weight management for adults with intellectual disabilities. These studies included a qualitative study involving interviews with 14 health care practitioners; a co-produced focus group qualitative study involving 19 adults with intellectual disabilities and 8 of their carers; and a survey involving 19 carers and support workers. Thematic analysis of participants’ responses highlighted their frustrations with several barriers including a lack of accessible healthy lifestyle information, a lack of resources, a lack of reasonable adjustments, inconsistencies in caring support, unmet training needs for carers and support workers, and socio-economic and environmental barriers. Facilitators included the provision of clear and accessible healthy lifestyle information, provision of resources, consistent caring support, reasonable adjustments, and training for carers, support workers and health care practitioners.
Phase Three involved a synthesis of findings from Phases One and Two. The overall findings imply that it is inequitable support and barriers associated with complex systems-related issues, rather than poor lifestyle choices or a lack of motivation, which inhibits this population from managing their weight if they want to. A whole systems approach is needed to address the systems-related issues and barriers experienced by this population, rather than a sole reliance on non-evidence-based weight management interventions (such as diet-only or exercise-only interventions) focused primarily on individual behaviour change to achieve short-term weight loss.
The thesis has implications for research, policy and practice. It presents a whole systems approach and a logic model outlining the types of systems-related activities needed at several levels to overcome identified barriers and to contribute to reductions in the inequities and inequalities experienced by adults with intellectual disabilities who want to manage their weight
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Improving Access to priMary care for People with Autism and or Learning disabilities (I Am PAL)
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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