1,720,956 research outputs found
Towards an architectural strategy for early integration of natural smoke ventilation in retail buildings
No full textArchitects' decisions related to fire considerations are in some cases cost-driven. Such constraints limit fire safety options to a minimum of code compliance at a late stage in the design. The research hypothesises that the improper consideration of fire safety in the architectural design of retail buildings could be due to lack of basic fire safety engineering knowledge in the architectural education, and/or project budget limitations. One step towards better understanding of fire safety issues is to translate the physical knowledge into architectural terms. This research aims to develop architectural guidelines for an early integration of natural smoke ventilation (NSV). Such guidelines are intended to allow architects to think "safe", and guide them towards a truly integrated fire safety design within the design process. The proposed theme provides an insight of the differences in design priorities for early integration of natural building and smoke ventilation among architects, fire engineers and building services engineers. Assessing the differences in design priorities allowed identifying the gap of fire safety knowledge in the architectural education. The assessment process was carried out using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach in surveying engineers and architects. Architects' results showed that academics and practitioners have different perceptions. Engineers' results provided a prioritized scheme for the design decisions with respect to the criticality of early integration of NSV objectives. To confirm the criticality of decisions' priorities, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was carried out to emphasize the imperativeness for early integration of one of the most crucial design decisions. Results from FDS showed that the horizontal profile of atrium has a considerable impact on the performance of natural smoke ventilation. The research results are in good agreement with the first research hypothesis that lack of fire safety knowledge in the Architecture education results in later consideration of fire safety objectives in the design. However, the results refute the second hypothesis that the budget always governs the decision of the early integration, especially in large retail buildings.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Confronting the Conundrum of Shared Space Street Design
Get PDFThis chapter discusses the challenges and debates related to the concept of Shared Space street design via demonstrating the case of the ongoing Masterplan development scheme of the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan) in Preston, North West England, United Kingdom. Based on hands-on experience, being involved with the project on multiple layers; in project management, working, and living in Preston City, the authors employ observational analysis methods to explore and reflect on the challenges UCLan Masterplan has faced, how it learned from the city’s most recent Shared Space development (the Fishergate Project), and they further expand on their prediction on how the project may influence the transformation of Preston’s public realm. This chapter aims to start a debate on how Shared Space tactics can lead to near-Car-Free urban zones and contribute to the enhanced people-focused urban experience
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
