1,721,140 research outputs found
'Big picture' manifesto: Democratic policy making in contested domains
No full textThis essay articulates the overall approach utilized in this book for examining contentious policy questions associated with controversial and emerging issues in bioethics, which we term ‘Big Picture Bioethics.’ We explore conventional and more novel methodological tools that bioethics can use to evaluate and critique policy processes in these domains. We argue that more traditional bioethics has been limited in its capacity to provide answers to these sorts of questions, even though bioethicists are often consulted about such matters. We contend that there must be more adequate consideration of the range of structural, institutional, political, and cultural factors that shape both how a particular ethical challenge will be understood in a particular jurisdiction and the policy frameworks available for addressing the perceived need for policy. This chapter outlines a novel framework within which we can evaluate public policy making processes on the basis of their informed, democratic legitimacy, with particular attention to the considerations that must be in play when attempting to develop public participation and engagement that meet the requirements of deliberative democracy. It draws on both empirical information about opinions and values of a variety of publics, and the problematization of that empirical evidence as informed by debates in political theory. This approach is preferable because it allows us to avoid assumptions about the need for consensus, which are endemic to most of what is said about policymaking processes within liberal democracies that seek to attend to diversity. In addition, the approach advocated is non-substantive in the sense that it does not prescribe a particular moral framework, beyond a commitment to democratic legitimacy, and hence allows recognition of a range of moral views.Susan Dodds and Rachel A. Anken
Participation and Trust: Conditions and Constraints on Democratic Deliberation
No full textPublic engagement in policy making is on mechanism used in an effort to improve the legitimacy of policy decisions surrounding ethically contentious health policy or medical technologies. Citizens’ trust in the process and in the medical, science and democratic institutions surrounding the policy is vital to the success of efforts to engage publics in deliberative processes. This paper explores the nature and role of trust in deliberative democracy, as well as effects of misplaced and abused trust on the legitimacy of specific policies and the overall project of inclusive participation of citizens in public policy deliberation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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