1,721,007 research outputs found
Deep Learning for the Generation of Heuristics in Answer Set Programming: A Case Study of Graph Coloring
No full textAnswer Set Programming (ASP) is a well-established declarative AI formalism for knowledge representation and reasoning. ASP systems were successfully applied to both industrial and academic problems. Nonetheless, their performance can be improved by embedding domain-specific heuristics into their solving process. However, the development of domain-specific heuristics often requires both a deep knowledge of the domain at hand and a good understanding of the fundamental working principles of the ASP solvers. In this paper, we investigate the use of deep learning techniques to automatically generate domain-specific heuristics for ASP solvers targeting the well-known graph coloring problem. Empirical results show that the idea is promising: the performance of the ASP solver wasp can be improved
Perioperative care of elderly outpatient A review
No full textINTRODUCTION: Epidemiological data show a continuous expansion of elderly population in Europe. Older individuals require more medical services relative to their younger counterparts. The aim of this review was to summarize the most recent considerations in regards to preoperative assessment, postoperative outcomes, patient satisfaction and cost-effectiveness analysis of day surgery in the elderly. METHODS: This review considered studies that included older patients who were undergoing day surgery general procedures (such as inguinal hernia repair, excision of breast lump, haemorrhoidectomy). The interventions of interest to this review included selection criteria, perioperative care, management of postoperative pain. RESULTS: According to a large number of studies, old age does not constitute a contraindication for elderly to undergo ambulatory surgery but this population may require more careful intraoperative cardiovascular management. Hospitalization of older patients is frequently associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Management of postoperative pain in older patients may be complicated by a number of factors, including a higher risk of age- and disease-related changes in physiology and disease-drug and drug-drug interactions. Early studies evaluating approaches to facilitating the recovery process have demonstrated the benefits of multimodal analgesic techniques. CONCLUSIONS: A lot of studies show that even elderly patients can successfully undergo day surgery procedures by implementing evidence-based perioperative care programs, minimizing operative duration and tissue trauma and providing a comfortable setting
Scheduling Periodic Treatments via Answer Set Programming
No full textThe scheduling of periodic treatments consists of planning a care path over a period of several weeks, in which patients have to perform different treatments respecting a certain periodicity. Treatments must be assigned to a day taking into account patients' preferences, operators' availability, the possibility of needing instruments/machinery, and of having different facilities in which operators can work and move around during the working time. This problem has been formulated to have a certain degree of flexibility and to be suitable for different contexts where periodicity is required, e.g. rehabilitation or planning a cycle of drug therapies. In this paper, we present a solution to this problem based on Answer Set Programming (ASP). We consider two different possible scenarios: scheduling one patient at a time, and scheduling blocks of patients. We have also conducted an experimental analysis showing that ASP is a suitable solution to this problem
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
bioinformatics in MPM: prediction of a second tumor site by using decision trees
No full textAssessment of the risk of second tumors with bioinformatic
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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