1,721,054 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Influence of Environmental Estrogens on Early-life Stage Zebrafish Development
No full textEndocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) including bisphenol A (BPA) and genistein may induce estrogenic effects in organisms. Genistein is a naturally occurring plant compound found mainly in soy products while BPA is used in the production of plastics and resins. Given their widespread environmental presence, simultaneous exposure to both compounds is conceivable.
This study investigated the effects of BPA or/and genistein on early development of zebrafish. Zebrafish is a widely used model for developmental biology and toxicology as it has many conserved developmental programs also found in mammals. Concentration dependent toxicity of both BPA and genistein was observed based on increased mortality, reduced heart rate, reduced hatching and presence of morphological malformations in the treated embryos/larvae up to 120 hpf. Most of the BPA and genistein mixtures indicated additive effects. Some observations revealed that synergistic and antagonistic interactions may also occur.
This study was the first to investigate the effects of EDCs mixtures on the liver ultrastructure of a developing organism. Stereological methods allowed for objective, quantitative description of the organ phenotypes and statistical analysis of the data. Cytological alterations observed following treatments included changes in the volume of the hepatocytes, mitochondrial, RER and glycogen. Particularly affected were size and shape of mitochondria. Considerably fewer morphological changes in mixtures treated larvae may indicate antagonistic interactions between BPA and genistein. Based on the alterations in the RER volume synergistic interactions could also be inferred.
Estrogenic potential of BPA or/and genistein was investigated based on their ability to increase vitellogenin 1 mRNA (vtg1) expression level. Vitellogenin is a yolk precursor protein produced in the liver of oviparous vertebrates in response to the activation of ERs. Genistein showed higher potential to induce vtg1 expression than BPA. The estrogenicity of the mixtures was enhanced, although not significantly, when compared to the treatments with individual EDCs.2017-04-0
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Developing and implementing a l-openspim platform using in-air optics and measurement of tissue temperature changes
No full textRelative to other microscopy techniques, light sheet fluorescence microscopy is widely accepted due to its ability to provide optical sectioning, higher speed, larger field of view, lesser photobleaching, and physiological support for timelapse imaging. However, biologists interested in harnessing these benefits may not have access to commercial systems possibly due to limited funding. In cases where they do, the rapid development in research will ultimately render such platforms obsolete. Resulting in the need to consistently purchase new microscopes or upgrade modules off the shelf. At best, biologists will be forced to limit investigations to microscope capabilities. Do-it-yourself (DIY) versions exist and when combined with air objectives give greater flexibility. Biologists are therefore encouraged to learn the art of building their own microscope, starting off with platforms built off air optics, while gaining the skill required to consistently make changes when the need arises. openSPIM DIY versions arguably have the most detailed and published build instructions, but they are more tailored towards in-vivo imaging and samples that fit within the field of view. I further expand on this by documenting stepwise instructions and building a LopenSPIM platform using air objectives for in-vivo and in-vitro imaging. More practical insights into finer light sheet alignment, choice of image acquisition software, and efficient data acquisition and saving tips are documented. I show the ability of our SPIM platform to produce quality 3D images of a millimetre sized Varroa destructor, and to distinctly reveal cells of the optically transparent head of a Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus. Details needed to extend the microscope capacity to centimetre sized samples at a high isotropic raw image resolution are stated. This work primarily aims to aid biologists with limited technical experience, and I further describe a protocol for investigating thresholds on light sheet microscopes that limit laser induced heating effects and ensure tissue bio-fidelity. I show that 10 mW, 20 mW, 30 mW, 40 mW, 50 mW, and 60 mW of laser power corresponding to intensity values of 1182 mW/mm2 , 2363 mW/mm2 , 3545 mW/mm2 , 4726 mW/mm2 , 5908 mW/mm2 , and 7090 mW/mm2 should not be applied for more than 26 s, 10 s, 5 s, 4 s, 4 s, and 3 s to 1 mm2 of mammal tissue, respectively, to limit temperature rise to ~ <1 0C.2024-10-0
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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