1,721,081 research outputs found
A new look at an old friend: A geometric morphometric approach to examining morphological diversity and investigating human-canid relationships in New World prehistory
Full text linkIdentifying domesticates in the archaeological record is one of the major goals of zooarchaeology, and as the first known domesticate, significant attention has been given to investigating dogs in archaeological research. Less attention has been paid to the morphological variation exhibited by prehistoric dogs after their do- mestication. Since the New World lacks the large scale husbandry of economically important livestock animals, dogs are arguably the most significant domesticate in American prehistory, and are the only domesticate shared by almost all cultures. Advances in geometric morphometric (GMM) techniques have improved our abil- ity to investigate the subtle biological variations between wild and domestic ani- mals. This thesis uses advanced GMM techniques to identify domesticates from prehistoric archaeological assemblages. These methods are then used to examine the morphological variability of dogs in New World prehistory. This post-domestic variation might inform on the diverse and fluid cultural relationships between hu- mans and the domestic dog. The results of this thesis are presented as a series of case studies which first offer a comprehensive investigation of the underlying morphological variability of the dogs’ wild ancestor, the grey wolf. Then, specimens from over 80 prehistoric archaeological sites across the New World are first identified as either wild or domestic, and then examined for temporal, geographic and cultural trends on both continents. Results indicate that prehistoric dogs exhibit significant shape and size differences in association with temporal and geographic contexts, which are correlated with changes in dog husbandry practices through- out prehistory. Morphological data combined with other complimentary scientific approaches (namely stable isotope and DNA analysis), show significant implications for understanding the human past using dogs as a proxy for human movements and migrations. A synthesis of these interrelated case studies provides a framework for future investigations into the individual life-ways and life-histories of prehistoric dogs as well as methods for interpreting their position in human society using a suite of interrelated analytical techniques
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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