4,218 research outputs found

    The British ‘Bluesman’ Paul Oliver and the Nature of Transatlantic Blues Scholarship

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    Recent revisionist studies have argued that much of what is known about music known as the blues’ has been 'invented' by the writing of enthusiasts far removed from the African American culture that created the music. Elijah Wald and Marybeth Hamilton in particular have attempted to sift through the clouds of romanticism, and tried to unveil more empirical histories that were previously obscured by the fallacious genre distinctions conjured up during the 1960s blues revival. While this revisionist scholarship has shed light on some previously ignored historical facts, writers have tended to concentrate on the romanticism of blues writing strictly from an American perspective, failing to acknowledge the genesis and influence of transatlantic scholarship, and therefore ignoring the work of the most prolific and influential blues scholar of the twentieth century, British writer Paul Oliver. By examining the core of Oliver’s research and writing during the 1950s and 1960s, this study aims to place Oliver in his rightful place at the centre of blues historiography. His scholarship allows a more detailed appreciation of the manner in which the blues was studied, through lyrics, recordings, oral histories, photography and African American literature. These historical sources were interpreted in accordance with the author’s attitudes to the commercial popular music, which allowed the ‘reconstruction’ of an African American ‘folk’ culture in which the blues became the antithesis of pop. Importantly, this study seeks to transcend dominant discourses of national cultural ownership or ethnocentrism, and demonstrate that representations of African American music and culture were constructed within a transatlantic context. The blues is music with roots in the African American experience within the United States; however, as Paul Oliver’s writing shows, its reception and representation were not limited by the same national, cultural or racial boundaries

    A dual measurement concept for liberal and radical quality of democracy

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    Bisherige Indizes zur Messung von Demokratie stützen sich auf ein liberales Konzept repräsentativer Demokratie, ohne eine zweite grundlegende Tradition zu berücksichtigen: jene der radikalen Demokratie, welche eine unmittelbare Teilhabe aller Bürger an der politischen Meinungs- und Entscheidungsfindung anstrebt. Die Demokratiequalität politischer Systeme mit ausgeprägt radikaldemokratischer Institutionenordnung und Kultur wird damit ungenügend erfasst. Mit Blick auf eine Anwendung auf die Schweizer Kantone präsentieren die Autoren ein duales Messkonzept, welches in der Lage ist, demokratische Systeme sowohl nach ihrem liberalen als auch nach ihrem radikalen Demokratiegrad zu unterscheiden. Zu diesem Zweck werden zwei empirisch fassbare Demokratiemodelle konstruiert, welche ideen- und institutionengeschichtlich in der liberalen respektive in der radikalen Demokratietradition verortet werden.Since existing measures of democracy are based solely on a liberal conceptualization of representative democracy, they overlook another fundamental tradition: that of radical democracy, which strives for direct participation of all citizens in the formation of the public opinion and in political decision-making. The quality of democracy of political systems with pronounced radical democratic institutions and culture has therefore not been well understood so far. Drawing from classical liberal and radical views on what democratic institutions can or should accomplish, the authors construct two empirically measurable models of democracy. With a particular interest in assessing democracy in the Swiss cantons, they present a dual measurement concept capable of differentiating democratic systems according to their degree of both liberal and radical democracy

    Towards the just city? Attitudes of european city mayors heading towards the just city

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    This paper takes up the concept of the ‘Just City’ (Fainstein 2010) and follows the conceptual orientation within an own ongoing comparative case study for Birmingham, Lyon and Zurich, trying to identify the 'democratic foundations of the Just City' (Carpenter, Dlabac, and Zwicky 2015; Dlabac 2014). Socially just urban planning orientations, it is hypothesised, are favoured by corresponding national welfare state regimes and planning systems, by Europeanization processes and by a strong and cooperative mayoral leadership that favours the participation of the broader public above a more restrictive cooperation with the local business community. The second round of the European mayor's survey allows assessing the mayor’s agenda with regard to social justice: refusal of market solutions for attending housing needs; insistence on public delivery of services; and a strong adherence to integrated urban projects. Whereas welfare state regimes deliver little explanatory power, we find indications for the role of national planning systems and Europeanization processes. Considerable variation, however, remains at the level of the cities after accounting for cross-national variation. Besides a leftist political orientation, community-based urban leaders clearly distinguish themselves from business-oriented leaders

    A Reading By Poet Mary Oliver

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    Mary Oliver\u27s poetry, with her lyrical connection to the natural world, has firmly established her in the highest realm of American poets. She is renowned for her evocative and precise imagery, which brings nature into clear focus, transforming the everyday world into a place of magic and discovery. As poet Stanley Kunitz has said, Mary Oliver\u27s poetry is fine and deep; it reads like a blessing. Her special gift is to connect us with our sources in the natural world, its beauties and terrors and mysteries and consolations. Please join Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Mary Oliver as she shares her joyous, accessible, and intimate observations of the natural world. Mary Oliver is the celebrated author of more than a dozen books of poetry and prose. With her lyrical connection to the natural world, Oliver\u27s poetry has firmly established her in the highest realm of American poets. Oliver has been honored with the National Book Award for Poetry, the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, and a Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship, among others
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