17 research outputs found
Konsep sastera Islam oleh Siddiq Fadhil = The concept of Islamic literature according to Siddiq Fadhil
No full textThis study relates to the concept of Islamic literature that was propagated by Prof. Dato’ Dr. Siddiq Fadhil. He has brought a new point of view in the world of literature which is the combination of Islamic literature and Maqasid al Shariah which is a part of al Tahsiniyat. He also set 4 conditions in order to produce an Islamic literature, first: the author of Islamic literature must be a Muslim. Second: that Muslim must live in the religion with real application because through the application, it will create an Islamic literature. Third: Islamic literature must bring the meaning to the devotion of God. Fourth: the Islamic literature must also be beneficial to all the creations of God. In addition, he also not ignoring the two main aspects of a literary: form and theme. Besides, he denied the Art for Art and Art for Society because these two creeds that are not realistic and just illusions
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun melalui Bermain Clay
No full textPenelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengeksplorasi keterampilan motorik halus anak usia 5–6 tahun di TK Al Hidayah Karangduren, Balung melalui pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis aktivitas bermain clay. Desain penelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) model Kemmis dan Taggart, 21 anak dijadikan subjek utama dalam proses intervensi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara dengan guru, serta dokumentasi kegiatan pembelajaran, yang kemudian dianalisis secara kombinatif menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya peningkatan progresif pada kemampuan motorik halus anak, n=21 anak Penelitian Tindakan Kelas model Kemmis & Mc Taggart dua siklus, TPC meningkat dari 29,9% menjadi 35,1% dan 40,6%. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan media clay sebagai sarana bermain dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap stimulasi keterampilan motorik halus pada anak usia dini
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI YANG MENERAPKAN SKEMA PONZI SEBAGAI MODUS OPERANDI DALAM KEGIATAN PENGHIMPUNAN DANA MASYARAKAT
No full textM. Fadhil A.N., Dr. Bambang Sugiri SH, M.S., Mufatikhatul Farikhah, SH. M.H.Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya. [email protected]  ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi yang menerapkan skema ponzi sebagai modus operandi dalam kegiatan penghimpunan dana masyarakat. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan penulis yaitu penelitian yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan skema ponzi merupakan tindak pidana dan pelakunya dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban pidana. Dalam hal skema ponzi diterapkan oleh korporasi, maka korporasi tersebut dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban pidana berdasarkan dengаn аdаnyа doktrin-doktrin tentаng pertаnggungjаwаbаn pidаnа korporаsi, yаitu dengаn Teori Pelаku Fungsionаl dаn Doktrin Vicаrious Liаbility. Kemudiаn untuk menjerаt pidаnа korporаsi, dаpаt digunаkаn pаsаl 378 Kitаb Undаng-Undаng Hukum Pidаnа sebаgаi predicаte crimes аtаu tindаk pidаnа аsаl, Juncto pаsаl 5 dаn 6 Undаng-Undаng Nomor 8 Tаhun 2010 tentаng Pencegаhаn dаn Pemberаntаsаn Tindаk Pidаnа Pencuciаn uаng sebаgаi kejаhаtаn аtаu tindаk pidаnа lаnjutаnnyа. Terkаit dengаn unsur kesаlаhаn di dаlаm pаsаl 378 KUHP mаupun pаsаl 5 Undаng-Undаng Pencegаhаn dаn Pemberаntаsаn Pencuciаn Uаng, mаkа dаpаt digunаkаn pаsаl 4 аyаt 2 Perаturаn Mаhkаmаh Ðgung Nomor 13 Tаhun 2016. Kata Kunci: Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi, Skema Ponzi, Penghimpunan Dana Masyarakat.  ABSTRACT This research is aimed to look more into the liability regarding corporate crime where ponzi scheme is applied as a mode of operation to raise fund from people. This research employed normative juridical method. The author has learned that ponzi scheme practice is considered a crime with liability according to existing doctrines related with corporate crime liability: theory of functional criminal and vicarious liability doctrine. To punish the criminal, judges could refer to Article 378 of Criminal Code as predicate crimes, jo Article 5 and 6 of Act Number 8 of 2010 concerning Eradication and Prevention of Money Laundering as further/following crime. Since there is awareness that there is an issue in Article 378 of Criminal Code and in Article 5 of Act concerning Eradication and Prevention of Money Laundering Practices, then Article 4 Paragraph 2 of Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 can come as an alternative. Keywords: corporate crime liability, ponzi scheme, fund raised from peopl
Electoral mobilization and voter turnout in post-authoritarian countries: the case of parliamentary elections in Iraq (2005-2018)
No full textThis study investigates the relationship between voter mobilization and turnout in post-authoritarian countries by tackling the puzzle that addresses the causes and consequences of the decline in voter turnout in the Iraqi parliamentary elections since the first founding national elections in October 2005. It attempts to address the question of why voter turnout has declined dramatically from 76.6% in the elections of 2005 to 44.5% in the national elections of 2018 in Iraq. After 13 years of regime changes and four national elections cycles, voter turnout fell by 35.1 percentage points. This identifies two possible causal mechanisms behind this declining trend: first, the influential role of the formal institutions such as the role of electoral law, party system and second, the structure and performance of the elections administration. We argue that the decline of public trust in these formal institutions affects to great extent the level of voter turnout. The second causal mechanism is the impact of informal institutions on voter turnout. In this regard, we argue that the role of religious leaders, ethnicity, religion and electoral violence in mobilizing Iraqi votes can be considered responsible for the dramatic decline in voter turnout in the elections of 2018.
In terms of formal institutions, the purpose of the current study is to investigate the effects of the electoral system, elections management body and political parties on voter turnout. It argues that the high turnout in the first three elections (79.6%, 62.39%, and 61.76%) respectively was because of high mobilization efforts of religious leaders and the impact of electoral violence. It is also caused by intensified polarization around sectarian and ethnic identity. While these efforts have contributed to increasing the turnout in the early three elections, it is also a major contributory factor in dropping the voter turnout to (44.5%) in the fourth national elections in May 2018.
The individual data that we use in this dissertation are drawn from merging four public opinion surveys. These surveys are the second wave of Arab barometer (2010-2011), the third wave of Arab barometer (2012-2104), the World Value Survey on Iraq (2013), and the Arab Transformations Project (2014). The total number of individual observations that have been randomly distributed among Iraqi provinces was about 5281. In terms of the qualitative data, this study systematically reviewed the laws and procedures as well as the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) executive orders regarding the electoral law, party system and electoral administration. To test our hypotheses, we employed binary logistic regression to estimate the effects of explanatory variables on voter turnout.
An implication of this is the possibility that Iraq is heading toward a new era of a competitive authoritarian regime in which the main objective of holding elections is not to change the institutions peacefully but to maintain the status quo of post-American invasion and occupation political order.
It is recommended that further in-depth experimental research be undertaken in the following areas: vote-buying and clientelism, voting behavior and individual and group mobilization, the rise of competitive authoritarianism, socioeconomic factors and voting patterns, institutional forbearance and distributive politics, elections integrity and last but not least voting behavior and the future of democratic transition in Iraq. The findings should make an important contribution to the field of voting behavior and political behavior in post-authoritarian countries in general and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)Ph.D.Includes bibliographical reference
Structure and electronic properties of substitutionally doped Cycloheptane molecule using DFT
No full textAbstractA density functional theory (DFT) has been carried out of the calculation molecular structure of Cycloheptane molecule (C7H14) with Gaussian 09 and Gaussian view 5.08 programs. The effects of the substitution Silicon atom in place of the Carbon atom and substituting the one Hydrogen atom by one hydroxyl (OH) were performed using DFT at B3LYP level with CC-PVDZ basis set. The optimized structure, ionization potential, electron affinity, energy gap, electronegativity, total energies, force constant, reduces mass, Raman spectral, electrostatic potential surface and electron density surface were calculated. The results showed decrease in energy gaps, increases in the electron affinity, and discusses the effect of the substitution for all properties
"If I have a cancer, it is not my fault I am a refugee”: A qualitative study with expert stakeholders on cancer care management for Syrian refugees in Jordan
No full textBackground Noncommunicable diseases including cancer are widespread amongst the 5.6 million Syrian refugees currently hosted in the Middle East. Given its prevalence as the third leading cause of death in Syria, cancer is likely to be an important health burden among Syrian refugees. Against this background, our aim was to describe the clinical, ethical and policy decision-making experiences of health actors working within the current refugee cancer care system; the impact of refugee cancer care health policies on health care providers and policy makers in this context; and provide suggestions for the way delivery of care should be optimised in a sustained emergency situation.
Methods From April-July 2016, we conducted in-depth interviews with 12 purposively sampled health officials and health care workers from the Jordanian Ministry of Health, multilateral donors and international non-governmental organisations. Data were analysed using a framework analysis approach to identify systemic, practical and ethical challenges to optimising care for refugees, through author agreement on issues emerging from the data and those linked more directly to areas of questioning.
Results As has been previously reported, central challenges for policy makers and health providers were the lack of quality cancer prevalence data to inform programming and care delivery for this refugee population, and insufficient health resource allocation to support services. In addition, limited access to international funding for the host country, the absence of long-term funding schemes, and barriers to coordination between institutions and frontline clinicians were seen as key barriers. In this context where economic priorities inevitably drive decision-making on public health policy and individual care provision, frontline healthcare workers and policy makers experienced significant moral distress where duties of care and humanitarian values were often impossible to uphold.
Conclusions Our findings confirm and expand understanding of the challenges involved in resource allocation decisions for cancer care in refugee populations, and highlight these for the particular situation of long term Syrian refugees in Jordan. The insights offered by frontline clinicians and policy makers in this context reveal the unintended personal and moral impact of resource allocation decisions. With many countries facing similar challenges in the provision of cancer care for refugees, the lessons learned from Jordan suggest key areas for policy revision and international investment in developing cancer care policies for refugees internationally.</p
Evaluation of EDI derived from the exponential evapotranspiration model for monitoring China's surface drought
No full textDrought has become the most severe natural disaster in many provinces of China. In this paper, evaporative drought index (EDI) has been used to monitor China's surface dryness conditions based on the exponential evapotranspiration (ET) model and Hargreaves equation from JAXA-MODIS Insolation products, GEWEX, NCEP-2 and MODIS NDVI data. The exponential ET model based on the surface net radiation, vegetation index, mean air temperature and diurnal air temperature range (DTaR) has been developed to estimate surface ET of China and has been independently validated using ground-measured data collected from two sites (Arou and Miyun) in China, indicating that the bias varies from -5.96 to 5.02 W/m(2). The good agreement between daily estimated and ground-measured ET using ground observation data collected from all 22 sites further supports the validity of the exponential ET model for regional ET estimation. Moreover, EDI is closely correlated to the average soil moisture at 0-10 cm soil depth of the Yongning site with coefficient of determination of R (2) = 0.52. The spatio-temporal patterns of monthly ET and EDI from April to September of 2004 over China are explored and the result indicates EDI is accordant with the precipitation by comparing the 15-day smoothed EDI with precipitation over six representative sites. The EDI based on the exponential ET model by integrating energy fluxes in response to soil moisture stress has demonstrated its validity for monitoring China's surface drought events.Environmental SciencesGeosciences, MultidisciplinaryWater ResourcesSCI(E)EI6ARTICLE2425-4366
Non-communicable diseases in the Arab world
No full textAccording to the results of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, the burden of non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lung diseases, and diabetes) in the Arab world has increased, with variations between countries of different income levels. Behavioural risk factors, including tobacco use, unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity are prevalent, and obesity in adults and children has reached an alarming level. Despite epidemiological evidence, the policy response to non-communicable diseases has been weak. So far, Arab governments have not placed a sufficiently high priority on addressing the high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, with variations in policies between countries and overall weak implementation. Cost-effective and evidence-based prevention and treatment interventions have already been identified. The implementation of these interventions, beginning with immediate action on salt reduction and stricter implementation of tobacco control measures, will address the rise in major risk factors. Implementation of an effective response to the non-communicable-disease crisis will need political commitment, multisectoral action, strengthened health systems, and continuous monitoring and assessment of progress. Arab governments should be held accountable for their UN commitments to address the crisis. Engagement in the global monitoring framework for non-communicable diseases should promote accountability for effective action. 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The Arab Gulf countries and the Arab- Israeli conflict;: the linkages and dynamics (1970-2000)
No full textThis thesis examines the changing linkages and dynamics of the relationship between the Arab Gulf countries and the Arab-Israeli conflict through the period of 1970-2000. The Arab Gulf countries' level of involvement in supporting the Arabs and Palestinians in the Arab-Israeli conflict diminished throughout the period of study. The thesis explains this diminishing role by discussing the impact of the developments of international struggle for influence in the Gulf as well as the Israeli ambitions and relations to the Gulf region, largely expressed through the Israeli relationship with Iran under the Shah. The thesis shows that the years 1973, 1979 and 1990 formed important turning points for international influence in the region. These turning points influenced on the level of the Arab Gulf countries' involvement in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Throughout the seventies, the Arab Gulf countries played an active role in supporting the Arab side in the Arab-Israeli conflict. The clearest expression of this support was the implementation of the oil embargo against the West during the October 1973 War. The eighties witnessed the birth of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), the formation of which symbolized the emerging security challenges within the Gulf region. These security challenges represented by the Iranian Revolution, the Iran-Iraq war and the Soviet invasion and occupation of Afghanistan exhausted most of the capabilities and efforts of the Arab Gulf countries. Their focus and attention shifted away from the Arab-Israeli conflict, in spite of the serious and dramatic developments in that conflict. The repercussions of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990 resulted in a further diminishment of the role of the Arab Gulf countries in backing the Palestinians in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Only after September 2000 and the beginning of the Second Palestinian Intifada did the Arab Gulf countries again play a vital role, by means of financial, political and media support. The thesis explains the linkages between security in the Gulf and the Arab- Israeli conflict. It examines the hypothesis that a reciprocal relationship explaining the level and type of Arab Gulf countries involvement in the Arab-Israeli conflict has existed throughout the period of the study
Mutation in WNT10A is associated with an autosomal recessive ectodermal dysplasia: The odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia
No full textOdonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome in which the presenting phenotype is dry hair, severe hypodontia, smooth tongue with marked reduction of fungiform and filiform papillae, onychodysplasia, keratoderma and hyperhidrosis of palms and soles, and hyperkeratosis of the skin. We studied three consanguineous Lebanese Muslim Shiite families that included six individuals affected with odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia. Using a homozygosity-mapping strategy, we assigned the disease locus to an ∼9-cM region at chromosome 2q35-q36.2, located between markers rs16853834 and D2S353, with a maximum multipoint LOD score of 5.7. Screening of candidate genes in this region led us to identify the same c.697G→T (p.Glu233X) homozygous nonsense mutation in exon 3 of the WNT10A gene in all patients. At the protein level, the mutation is predicted to result in a premature truncated protein of 232 aa instead of 417 aa. This is the first report to our knowledge of a human phenotype resulting from a mutation in WNT10A, and it is the first demonstration of an ectodermal dysplasia caused by an altered WNT signaling pathway, expanding the list of WNT-related diseases. © 2007 by The American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved.Andl T, 2002, DEV CELL, V2, P643, DOI 10.1016-S1534-5807(02)00167-3; ARNOLD WP, 1995, AM J MED GENET, V59, P242, DOI 10.1002-ajmg.1320590224; Biason-Lauber A, 2004, NEW ENGL J MED, V351, P792, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa040533; Blaydon DC, 2006, NAT GENET, V38, P1245, DOI 10.1038-ng1883; Cadigan KM, 1997, GENE DEV, V11, P3286, DOI 10.1101-gad.11.24.3286; Dassule HR, 1998, DEV BIOL, V202, P215, DOI 10.1006-dbio.1998.8992; Delague V, 2000, AM J HUM GENET, V67, P236, DOI 10.1086-302980; Dib C, 1996, NATURE, V380, P152, DOI 10.1038-380152a0; FADHIL M, 1983, AM J MED GENET, V14, P335, DOI 10.1002-ajmg.1320140213; FREIREMAIA N, 1984, ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA, P172; Freire-Maia N, 1988, Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser, V24, P109; FRIED K, 1977, J MED GENET, V14, P137, DOI 10.1136-jmg.14.2.137; Itin PH, 2004, AM J MED GENET C, V131C, P45, DOI 10.1002-ajmg.c.30033; Jarvinen E, 2006, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V103, P18627, DOI 10.1073-pnas.0607289103; Jordan BK, 2003, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V100, P10866, DOI 10.1073-pnas.1834480100; Kirikoshi H, 2001, BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO, V283, P798, DOI 10.1006-bbrc.2001.4855; Kratochwil K, 2002, GENE DEV, V16, P3173, DOI 10.1101-gad.1035602; Lamartine J, 2003, CLIN EXP DERMATOL, V28, P351, DOI 10.1046-j.1365-2230.2003.01319.x; Lammi L, 2004, AM J HUM GENET, V74, P1043, DOI 10.1086-386293; LANDER ES, 1987, SCIENCE, V236, P1567, DOI 10.1126-science.2884728; Liu F, 2007, NAT GENET, V39, P106, DOI 10.1038-ng1932; Megarbane A, 1998, AM J MED GENET, V75, P196, DOI 10.1002-(SICI)1096-8628(19980113)75:2196::AID-AJMG153.0.CO;2-K; Megarbane H, 2004, AM J MED GENET A, V129A, P193, DOI 10.1002-ajmg.a.30188; Millar SE, 1999, DEV BIOL, V207, P133, DOI 10.1006-dbio.1998.9140; Narita T, 2005, DEV DYNAM, V233, P282, DOI 10.1002-dvdy.20321; Niemann S, 2004, AM J HUM GENET, V74, P558, DOI 10.1086-382196; Parma P, 2006, NAT GENET, V38, P1304, DOI 10.1038-ng1907; Peifer M, 2000, SCIENCE, V287, P1606, DOI 10.1126-science.287.5458.1606; PINHEIRO M, 1981, BRIT J DERMATOL, V105, P371, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-2133.1981.tb00768.x; PINHEIRO M, 1994, AM J MED GENET, V53, P153, DOI 10.1002-ajmg.1320530207; Priolo M, 2001, J MED GENET, V38, P579, DOI 10.1136-jmg.38.9.579; Reddy S, 2001, MECH DEVELOP, V107, P69, DOI 10.1016-S0925-4773(01)00452-X; Robitaille J, 2002, NAT GENET, V32, P326, DOI 10.1038-ng957; SALAMON T, 1972, HAUTARZT, V23, P441; Sarkar L, 1999, MECH DEVELOP, V85, P197, DOI 10.1016-S0925-4773(99)00095-7; SCHOPF E, 1971, Birth Defects Original Article Series, V7, P219; Wang H. F., 1996, HUBEI GEOLOGY, V10, P10; Wodarz A, 1998, ANNU REV CELL DEV BI, V14, P59, DOI 10.1146-annurev.cellbio.14.1.59; Woods CG, 2006, AM J HUM GENET, V79, P402, DOI 10.1086-506332; Xu Q, 2004, CELL, V116, P883, DOI 10.1016-S0092-8674(04)00216-8; ZIRBEL GM, 1995, BRIT J DERMATOL, V133, P79779757
