1,720,977 research outputs found
Ultrasound characterization of tumor angiogenesis, stiffness and microstructure under conventional and innovative therapies
No full textLes modifications induites par les cellules tumorales sur leur environnement ont pour but de permettre leur développement en remodelant le tissu la soutenant et en créant un nouveau réseau vasculaire (angiogenèse). Plusieurs thérapies anti-angiogéniques inhibant le développement du réseau vasculaire tumoral ont obtenu l’autorisation de mise sur le marché et sont actuellement utilisées en clinique. Ces thérapies induisent de fortes modifications fonctionnelles au sein de la tumeur mais le simple suivi de l’évolution du volume tumoral n’est pas suffisant pour rendre compte de ces modifications. L’objectif principal de la thèse a consisté à utiliser différentes modalités d’imagerie ultrasonore afin d’évaluer leur sensibilité aux modifications générées dans des tumeurs murine (carcinome colorectal et pulmonaire) au cours de plusieurs types de thérapie (chimique : cytotoxique, anti-angiogénique / physique : plasma froid, sono-sensibilisation). Les modifications de la distribution spatiale des micro-vaisseaux et leur fonctionnalité ont été caractérisées à l’aide de l’imagerie de contraste ultrasonore (CEUS), l’altération de la microstructure de la tumeur a été évaluée grâce à l’analyse spectrale des signaux radiofréquences, connu comme « quantitative ultrasound » (QUS) et enfin les variations des propriétés mécaniques des tissus tumoraux ont été mesurées en élastographie à l’aide de la technique « Shear Wave Elastography » (SWE). Afin de comprendre l’origine des modifications observées in vivo, des paramètres standard comme les niveaux de fibrose ou de nécrose ont été caractérisés ex vivo dans le tissu tumoral, grâce à l’immunohistochimie, une technique de référence.Tumor development is complex process made possible thanks to the microenvironment surrounding tumor cell. Modifications induced by tumor cells on their environment enable their own development by remodeling tissues sustaining them and by creating a new vascular network (angiogenesis). The use of several antiangiogenic therapies, inhibiting the sprout of a new vascular network, has been authorized in clinic. These therapies induce strong modifications in tumors at the functional level and following tumor size changes are is not sufficient to fully characterize tumor modifications. The main goal of this thesis was to use different ultrasound-based imaging modalities in order to assess their sensitivity to modifications induced in murine tumor model (colorectal and lung carcinomas) during different type of therapy (chemical: cytotoxic, antiangiogenic / physical: cold plasma, sonosensitization). Modifications of the spatial distribution of microvessels and their functionality were characterized using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), alteration of tumor microstructure was assessed using spectral analysis of radiofrequency signal, known as quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and finally variations of mechanical properties in tumor tissues were measured in shear wave elastography (SWE). In order to better understand the origin of the modifications observed in vivo, standard parameters such as level of fibrosis and necrosis were characterize ex vivo in tumor tissue using immunochemistry as gold standard
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Caractérisation ultrasonore de l'angiogenèse, de l'élasticité et de la microstructure tumorale sous l'effet de thérapies conventionnelles et innovantes
Get PDFTumor development is complex process made possible thanks to the microenvironment surrounding tumor cell. Modifications induced by tumor cells on their environment enable their own development by remodeling tissues sustaining them and by creating a new vascular network (angiogenesis). The use of several antiangiogenic therapies, inhibiting the sprout of a new vascular network, has been authorized in clinic. These therapies induce strong modifications in tumors at the functional level and following tumor size changes are is not sufficient to fully characterize tumor modifications. The main goal of this thesis was to use different ultrasound-based imaging modalities in order to assess their sensitivity to modifications induced in murine tumor model (colorectal and lung carcinomas) during different type of therapy (chemical: cytotoxic, antiangiogenic / physical: cold plasma, sonosensitization). Modifications of the spatial distribution of microvessels and their functionality were characterized using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), alteration of tumor microstructure was assessed using spectral analysis of radiofrequency signal, known as quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and finally variations of mechanical properties in tumor tissues were measured in shear wave elastography (SWE). In order to better understand the origin of the modifications observed in vivo, standard parameters such as level of fibrosis and necrosis were characterize ex vivo in tumor tissue using immunochemistry as gold standard.Les modifications induites par les cellules tumorales sur leur environnement ont pour but de permettre leur développement en remodelant le tissu la soutenant et en créant un nouveau réseau vasculaire (angiogenèse). Plusieurs thérapies anti-angiogéniques inhibant le développement du réseau vasculaire tumoral ont obtenu l’autorisation de mise sur le marché et sont actuellement utilisées en clinique. Ces thérapies induisent de fortes modifications fonctionnelles au sein de la tumeur mais le simple suivi de l’évolution du volume tumoral n’est pas suffisant pour rendre compte de ces modifications. L’objectif principal de la thèse a consisté à utiliser différentes modalités d’imagerie ultrasonore afin d’évaluer leur sensibilité aux modifications générées dans des tumeurs murine (carcinome colorectal et pulmonaire) au cours de plusieurs types de thérapie (chimique : cytotoxique, anti-angiogénique / physique : plasma froid, sono-sensibilisation). Les modifications de la distribution spatiale des micro-vaisseaux et leur fonctionnalité ont été caractérisées à l’aide de l’imagerie de contraste ultrasonore (CEUS), l’altération de la microstructure de la tumeur a été évaluée grâce à l’analyse spectrale des signaux radiofréquences, connu comme « quantitative ultrasound » (QUS) et enfin les variations des propriétés mécaniques des tissus tumoraux ont été mesurées en élastographie à l’aide de la technique « Shear Wave Elastography » (SWE). Afin de comprendre l’origine des modifications observées in vivo, des paramètres standard comme les niveaux de fibrose ou de nécrose ont été caractérisés ex vivo dans le tissu tumoral, grâce à l’immunohistochimie, une technique de référence
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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