182 research outputs found
Deciphering the uniqueness of Mucoromycotina cell walls by combining biochemical and phylogenomic approaches
No full textMost fungi from the Mucoromycotina lineage occur in ecosystems as saprobes, although some species are phytopathogens or may induce human mycosis. Mucoromycotina represent early diverging models that are most valuable for understanding fungal evolution. Here we reveal the uniqueness of the cell wall structure of the Mucoromycotina Rhizopus oryzae and Phycomyces blakesleeanus compared with the better characterized cell wall of the ascomycete Neurospora crassa. We have analysed the corresponding polysaccharide biosynthetic and modifying pathways, and highlight their evolutionary features and higher complexity in terms of gene copy numbers compared with species from other lineages. This work uncovers the presence in Mucoromycotina of abundant fucose-based polysaccharides similar to algal fucoidans. These unexpected polymers are associated with unusually low amounts of glucans and a higher proportion of chitin compared with N. crassa. The specific structural features are supported by the identification of genes potentially involved in the corresponding metabolic pathways. Phylogenomic analyses of genes encoding carbohydrate synthases, polysaccharide modifying enzymes and enzymes involved in nucleotide-sugar formation provide evidence for duplication events during evolution of cell wall metabolism in fungi. Altogether, the data highlight the specificity of Mucoromycotina cell walls and pave the way for a finer understanding of their metabolism.Hugo Mélida, Divya Sain, Jason E. Stajich, Vincent Bulon
Liv to Pop: How to Get to Your Chewy Center
No full textLiv Sain compares her struggles in a metaphor about the journey to the center of a Tootsie Roll Pop. She guides you through hard-hitting questions in a step-by-step process that will help you overcome barriers you may face. Liv Sain is a mental health speaker and bestselling author of Liv To Tell. Her own story makes her the perfect advocate, educator, and influencer for those who are looking for a way out of their own misery. Her struggles through repeated loss, failing out of college, and a myriad of diagnoses—Tourette Syndrome, epilepsy, bipolar disorder, depression, ADD, OCD, anxiety, alcohol abuse, and suicidal thoughts—resonate with people. Liv overcame all of these obstacles, including speech and language delays, to find her voice as a motivational speaker and to fight for suicide prevention. She is the founder of LGBTQ support group The Butterfly Talks in Orlando, Fla
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Discovery of Fungal Cell Wall Components Using Evolutionary and Functional Genomics
No full textUnderstanding the various processes/pathways necessary for the biogenesis and maintenance of the cell wall is of immense value as that knowledge can be used for developing antifungals. This dissertation attempts to make a significant contribution in furthering our understanding of the fungal cell wall and its various components. I have identified and characterized genes involved in cell wall growth and maintenance in the model fungus Neurospora crassa by employing a functional screen. I utilized comparative genomics approaches to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cell wall polysaccharides chitin and glucan in the early diverging fungal clades- Microsporidia, Cryptomycota, Chytridiomycota, Blastocladiomycota and Mucormycota. Using a combination of biochemical and comparative genomics I attempted to compare and contrast the cell wall composition of the early diverging fungal clades Chytridiomycota, Blastocladiomycota and Mucormycota to the recently diverged Dikarya fungi. The research presented in this dissertation should lead to the characterization of novel cell wall genes in the filamentous fungi that eventually will lead to development of better drug targets for designing anti-fungal drugs. Also it will lead to better understanding of the cell walls of evolutionarily distinct fungi, which will enable us to combat the pathogenic fungi in a more powerful way. In terms of broader impact this research will be an important contribution to the knowledge of cell wall in the fungal community
Ancrer le droit à un environnement sain au niveau supranational : pour une action renforcée du Conseil de l’Europe sur les changements climatiques
No full textInternational audienceThis article is a slightly revised version of the hearing presented by the author before the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe on December 1, 2020, during the session “Anchoring the right to a healthy environment: the need for enhanced Council of Europe action.” This organization is currently considering the adoption of a treaty recognizing the right to the environment. Two avenues are open to bring this project to fruition. The rst, classic, consists in the adoption of an additional protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights that would recognize an individual right to a healthy environment. The second, more ambitious, would consist in a new autonomous mandatory instrument that would recognize a collective human right to a viable environment.Cet article constitue une version, quelque peu remaniée, de l’audition présentée par l’auteure devant l’Assemblée Parlementaire du Conseil de l’Europe le 1er décembre 2020 lors de la session « Ancrer le droit à un environnement sain : la nécessité d’une action renforcée du Conseil de l’Europe». En e et, cette organisation envisage, actuelle- ment, l’adoption d’un traité reconnaissant le droit à l’environnement. Deux voies s’ouvrent à cette organisation pour mener à bien ce projet. La première, classique, consiste dans l’adoption d’un protocole addi- tionnel à la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme qui recon- naîtrait un droit individuel à un environnement sain. La seconde, plus ambitieuse, s’oriente vers un nouvel instrument obligatoire, présen- tant un caractère autonome, avec pour objectif de consacrer un droit collectif de l’humanité à un environnement viable
The Importance of Foreign Languages in Resolving Customers’ Complaints in Hospitality Industry
No full textThe purpose of this project is to find how relevant it is the knowledge of foreign languages in
customers' complaints resolution in hospitality industry. In order to find the answer to this
question, the author has identified different categories of customers as well as different
reasons why they choose to complain or not. The questionnaire was chosen to collect data and
it was distributed to RIT Croatia students from Hospitality and Service Management Program
as well as to full-time employees in hospitality industry. The results obtained has shown the
difference in the perception of the importance of foreign languages in the process of
resolution of customers' complaints. Since this process has a great importance in overall
tourism business, it is clear that any data related to it that could help improve dealings with
customers could be potentially valid and important not only to make customers satisfied but
also to help the company stay competitive on the market
Symmetric points in spaces of linear operators between Banach spaces
No full textWe explore the relation between left-symmetry (right-symmetry) of elements in a real Banach space and right-symmetry (left-symmetry) of their supporting functionals. We obtain a complete characterization of symmetric functionals on a reflexive, strictly convex and smooth Banach space. We also prove that a bounded linear operator from a reflexive, Kadets–Klee and strictly convex Banach space to any Banach space is symmetric if and only if it is the zero operator. We further characterize left-symmetric operators from ℓ n 1 , n ≥ 2, to any Banach space X. This improves a previously obtained characterization of left-symmetric operators from ℓ n 1 , n ≥ 2, to a reflexive smooth Banach space X
Approximate smoothness in normed linear spaces
No full textWe introduce the notion of approximate smoothness in a normed linear space.
We characterize this property and show the connections between smoothness and
approximate smoothness for some spaces. As an application, we consider in
particular the Birkhoff-James orthogonality and its right-additivity under the
assumption of approximate smoothness
Encéphale du chien : réalisation de coupes IRM chez l'animal sain. contribution à la réalisation d'un atlas de référence
No full textThe purpose of this thesis is to provide an atlas of the normal anatomy of the brain of a healthy dog using MRI splits. The 1st part is dedicated to explain the physical principles underlying the NMR signal and how MRI functions. The 2nd part details the experimental protocol used for making the cross-sectionnal anatomy and MRI sequences. The 3rd part contains the atlas of the normal anatomy including the legends of the cross-sectionnal anatomy and MRI images. Finally in the 4th part, the author discusses the experimental protocol and studies the future of MRI in veterinary neurology.Le but de cette thèse est de proposer un atlas de l'anatomie normale de l'encéphale du chien sain à l'aide de coupes IRM. Après avoir rappelé les principes physiques à l'origine du signal RMN et le fonctionnement de l'IRM dans une première partie, l'auteur présente le protocole expérimental utilisé pour la réalisation des coupes anatomiques et de la séquence IRM dans une seconde partie. L'atlas de l'anatomie normale compose la troisième partie. Les coupes anatomiques et les clichés IRM y sont légendés. Enfin, dans une quatrième partie, le protocole expérimental est discuté et les perspectives d'avenir de l'IRM en neurologie vétérinaire sont abordées
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