1,720,957 research outputs found
Cognitive and Linguistic components in lexical ability development of preschoolers: an explorative study
No full textLearning to speak requires both basic and sophisticated abilities, working jointly for building formal and semantic components. The aim of the present study was to investigate lexical development in preschoolers (age range: 3- to 6 years), in a cross-age research design. In particular, we explored the relationship between two different levels of lexical ability: naming and defining the meaning of words. In order to identify the variables and the processes underlying these lexical compe- tencies, we evaluated the specific role of cognitive factors, as measured by Fluid Intelligence and Clas- sification tasks; metacognitive factors, as measured by an Explicitation task; mnemonic factors, as measured by Digit span and Phonological Memory tasks and of linguistic factors, as measured by a Receptive vocabulary task. In general, the results showed an increase in both cognitive and linguistic competencies in relation with age; naming and defining abilities revealed a partially different pattern of association with the other variables considered
Cognitive and linguistic components of lexical ability development in preschoolers: an exploratory study Pagine: (11)
No full textAttentional engagement during syllable discrimination: The role of salient prosodic cues in 6- to 8-month-old infants
No full textProsodic cues drive speech segmentation and guide syllable discrimination. However, less is known about the attentional mechanisms underlying an infant's ability to benefit from prosodic cues. This study investigated how 6- to 8-month-old Italian infants allocate their attention to strong vs. weak syllables after familiarization with four repeats of a single CV sequence with alternating strong and weak syllables (different syllables on each trial). In the discrimination test-phase, either the strong or the weak syllable was replaced by a pure tone matching the suprasegmental characteristics of the segmental syllable, i.e., duration, loudness and pitch, whereas the familiarized stimulus was presented as a control. By using an eye-tracker, attention deployment (fixation times) and cognitive resource allocation (pupil dilation) were measured under conditions of high and low saliency that corresponded to the strong and weak syllabic changes, respectively. Italian learning infants were found to look longer and also to show, through pupil dilation, more attention to changes in strong syllable replacement rather than weak syllable replacement, compared to the control condition. These data offer insights into the strategies used by infants to deploy their attention towards segmental units guided by salient prosodic cues, like the stress pattern of syllables, during speech segmentation
Morfologia grammaticale in bambini di 2 anni e mezzo e 3 anni
No full textIl presente studio esplora le produzioni degli articoli determinativi, dei pronomi clitici oggetto e della 3a persona dell'indicativo presente. Alla ricerca hanno partecipato 78 bambini di lingua italiana suddivisi in due gruppi di età: 2;6 e 3 anni. I risultati mostrano che nessuna categoria grammaticale è acquisita ed i pronomi clitici non vengono prodotti a 2;6 anni. In accordo con la letteratura, è stata confermata una maggiore produzione dei morfemi singolari rispetto ai plurali; la morfologia verbale ha produzioni più elevate rispetto alla morfologia libera. Inoltre i risultati hanno confermato gli errori di omissione negli articoli determinativi e nei pronomi clitici e di sostituzione nei verbi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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